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Anatomy > T1Q6 Urogenital Embryology > Flashcards

T1Q6 Urogenital Embryology Flashcards

Indifferent Stage: Timeline/ Events 1. primoridal germ cells migrate from yolk sac> allontois> hindgut> gonadal ridge 2. gonadal ridge> primitive sex chords 3. genital ducts arise a. mesonephric (male): course from gonads straight to hindgut b. paramesonephric (female): course from gonads and meet in the midline before emptying into the hindgut Male Genital Development 1. medullary chords> primitive seminal tubes & rete testist 2. leydig cells differentiate from mesenchyte between medu

1
Q

what produces the nephrogenic cord and gonadal ridge?

A

mesoderm> intermediate mesoderm> urogenital ridge>

  1. nephrogenic chord
  2. gonadal ridge
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2
Q

labia major arises from

A

genital swelling

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3
Q

scrotum arises from

A

genital swelling

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4
Q

shaft of penis arises from

A

cloacal fold> urethral fold> shaft of penis

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5
Q

labia minora arises from

A

cloacal fold> urethral fold> labia minora

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6
Q

glans of penis arises from

A

genital tubercle

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7
Q

clitoris arises from

A

genital tubercle

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8
Q

uterine tubes, superior portion of vagina arise from

A

paramesonephric ducts

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9
Q

TDF> > > > > seminferous tubules _ rete testis

A

TDF> primitive sex cords> sertoli cells> testicular cords> seminiferous tubules + rete testis

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10
Q

how do the ovarian follicles form in females?

A

primitive sex chords> cortical sex cords> ovarian follicles

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11
Q

Clinical: what happens if the primitive germ cells fail to migrate?

A

Immediately: the gondadal ridge will not form
Adult: the external genitalia will not form

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12
Q

Clinical: a communication exists between the urethra and rectum. What structure failed to form?

A

The urorectal septum failed to separate the cloacal membrane into rectum urethra

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13
Q

a. The mesonephric duct degenerate in _____

b. the paramesonephric ducts degenerate in ____

A

a. females, paramesonephric ducts form uterine structures

b. males- mesonephric structure form ductus deferens, seminal vesicle

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14
Q

Clinical: a newborn presents with multiple urethral openings. What embryonic event failed to occur normally?

A

External Genitalia: fusion of the urethral folds to enclose the urethral groove

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15
Q

The medullary chord degenerate in one sex and the cortical chords degenerate in another. Which is which?

A

medullary chord: degenerates in FEMALES, cortical chord help form follicular cells
cortical chord: degenerates in MALES, the medullary chord forms sertolli cells

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16
Q

Clinical: a male patient suffers from infertility. Biopsy reveals intact Sertoli Cells. Ideas?

A

Leydig cells failed to differentiate between in the mesenchyme between medullary sex chords

17
Q

Which of the following forms as an outgrowth of the mesonephric ducts? prostate or seminal vesicle

A

seminal vesicles; prostate arises from the spongy urethra

18
Q

SRY & TDF are to males as ____ are to Females

A

Wnt-4s

19
Q

Clinical: patient has an incomplete broad ligament and uterus bicornis. what embryological event failed?

A

migration of fusion of the two paramesonephric ducts

20
Q

the hymen arises from what embryonic structure?

A

urogenital sinus> sinovaginal bulb> distal vagina and hymen

DOES NOT form form mesonephric ducts

21
Q

the gonadal ridge is ___ to the nephrogenic chord

A

medial

22
Q

nephrogenic chord

A

“kidney” forming chord. from cranial to caudal

  1. pronephros
  2. mesonephros
  3. metanephros
23
Q

pronephros

A

first, non-functional kidney that induces formation of other parts

24
Q

mesonephros

A

“wolffian” duct, a long collecting duct that opens into the cloaca. Mesnephric tubules differentiate into excretory units that form at each segmental level.

Transient

25
Q

Clinical: ultra sound reveals abnormalities in the structure of the collecting duct in the right kidney. What event failed?

A

uretic bud division failure in the metanephros

intermediate mesoderm> urogenital ridge> nephrogenic duct> metanephros

26
Q

Clinical: Loop Diuretic act on a structure that arises from what part of the nephrogenic chord

A

metanephros, metanephric blastema

27
Q

mesonephric duct

A

a structure of the mesonephros that goes on to form the kidneys

28
Q

allantois

A

an invagination of the hindgut that extends through the umbilical chord into the yolk sac

29
Q

cloaca

A

an exapnded region in the embryonic hindgut

30
Q

urachus

A

adult remnant of the embryonic allantois

31
Q

clinical: during exploratory surgery, you discover that an area at the base of the bladder of a newborn is leaking urine. This is due to a failure in what type of a structure?

A

mesodermal, mesonephric duct

32
Q

urogenital sinus is derived from

A

the hindgut

endoderm> hindgut> rectum + urogenital sinus + urorectal membrane

Anatomy (39 decks)

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