Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DEM > Sytsematic Reviews > Flashcards

Sytsematic Reviews Flashcards

1
Q

What are the AAAA in systematic reviews

A

Assessing- a situation and asking good questions
Accessing- relevant research evidence
Appraising- the evidence
Act: applying the findings to clinical practise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the best study design for frequency i.e incidence/prevalence

A

Cross-sectional survey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the best study design for causes or risk factors (aetiology)

A

Case control and cohort studies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the best study design for a diagnosis

A

Diagnostic test study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the best study design for effectiveness

A

Randomised controlled trial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the advantages of systematic reviews

A

Best source of evidence
Assimilation of large amounts of research evidence
Provide reliable unbiased estimates of effect
Provide information about generalisability and consistency of effect
Identify what info is missing
Useful for making desicion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What tool can we use to critically appraise the systematic review

A

CASP tool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a meta-analysis

A

A statistical method to summarise the results of more than one primary study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How are results from a meta-analysis displayed

A

In a forest plot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is heterogeneity

A

Difference between the studies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is homogeneity

A

Similarity between the studies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the size of the black squares of individual studies represent

A

The weight of the study in the meta-analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does it mean if a vertical line of a study crosses the no effect line

A

The result is not significant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the diamond shape at the bottom of a forest plot represent

A

The combined or pooled results of all the trials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the width the diamond shape represent

A

The 95% confidence interval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When is the pooled results significant

A

When the width of the diamond shape does not cross the no effect line

17
Q

Why might statistical heterogeneity be caused

A

Clinical differences between studies
Methodological differences between studies
Bias between studies

18
Q

What are the 3 ways in assessing heterogeneity of a forest plot

A
  • Eyeball test: look at the overlapping confidence interval with the summary estimate
  • a statistical test of heterogeneity e.g the Cochran chi-squared
  • the i-squared statistic
19
Q

What is the chi-squared

A

Whether observed differences were compatible with chance alone

20
Q

When do we reject the null hypothesis ie no difference in the studies

A

When p is less than 0.1

21
Q

What is the interpretation of i squared

A

Closer it is to 100% the higher the inconsistent that cannot be explained by chance alone

22
Q

What are the types of bias found in studies

A 
Selection bias 
Performance bias 
Attrition bias 
Detection bias 
Publication bias 
Lead time bias 
Over-diagnosis bias

DEM (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions