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DEM > L16: Migration And Health > Flashcards

L16: Migration And Health Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main reasons why people migrate

A

To financially support themselves
Education
Forced
Join or accompany family

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2
Q

To find out how many people migrate what sources can we collect the data from

A

GP registration
Population survey
National insurance number

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3
Q

What is forced migration

A

Movement of refugees and displaced by conflicts, natural and environment disasters, chemical or nuclear disasters, famines development and projects, religious or political beliefs, food insecurity and climate change

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4
Q

Where do people usually migrate to

A

Developing countries

Neighbouring countries

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5
Q

What is mixed migration

A

People who move in one flow that is mixed with men, women and children at the same time who are often forced to leave.

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6
Q

How do most people take the route to Europe

A

Via the sea route on boats

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7
Q

Who does the migration cycle apply to

A

Forced and Inforced migration

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8
Q

What can occur between origin and destination within the migration cycle

A

Short term transit
Interception
Long term transit

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9
Q

What are the 3 modes that the destination of the migration cycle can be

A

Temporary
Circular i.e go back to origin and then return again
Permanent

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10
Q

What does a migrant mean

A

Anyone who moves

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11
Q

What does asylum seeker mean

A

A person seeking asylum in a different country

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12
Q

What does refugee mean

A

Person with an accepted well founded claim for asylum

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13
Q

What does failed asylum seeker mean

A

Someone who claims for asylum and is rejected

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14
Q

What does undocumented mean

A

Someone with no documents to prove their right to remain under immigration regulations

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15
Q

What does visa over stayer mean

A

Person who arrived with a visa which has now expired

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16
Q

What does stateless mean

A

Someone with no citizenship anywhere in the world

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17
Q

What is trafficking

A

When someone is transferred or recruited from origin to another destination by force or coercion, deception (been lied to) which results in control over another person for the purpose of exploitation

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18
Q

What is smuggling

A

When a person pays another person to transport them illegally into another country

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19
Q

What is modern slavery

A

This included trafficking and exploitation and overlaps with smuggling if the person cannot pay the smuggler so the person performs forced or compulsory labour

20
Q

What is resettlement

A

Official programmes to move recognised refugees from origin to high income countries

21
Q

What are the 4 phases of refugee

A

1) anticipation
2) adversity
3) survival
4) integration

22
Q

What is anticipation about

A

Adverse treatment due to race, ethnicity, sexuality, religion or politics

23
Q

What is adversity about

A

Conflict, ethnic cleansing, sexual violence, torture i,e things that are harder to ignore so people make decision to move

24
Q

What is survival about

A

The risks and challenges of the journey

25
Q

What is integration about

A

Challenges and barries in the host country

26
Q

What are some challenges to a journey

A 
Drowning 
Violence from border officials and police 
Unsafe transport 
Hypothermia/ hostile environments 
Carbon monoxide 
Unsafe and unsanitary conditions
27
Q

What is the hostile environment in the U.K.

A

Everybody has to prove a right to reside to access rental accommodation, employment, bank account etc.

28
Q

What is the aim for hostile environment.

A

Make it difficult to function in the U.K. if you do not have stable immigration status

29
Q

Does hostile environment cause people to move back

A

No they continue to leave in the U.K. with more difficult situations

30
Q

What is the support seeking asylum can get in the U.K.

A

Basic accommodation
Limited financial support of £37/week
Not allowed to work

31
Q

What does the path to indefinite leave to remain involve

A

Reapplying for a visa every 2-5 years and accomadate in the U.K. for at least 10 years to become a U.K. citizenship and grant indefinite remain to leave

32
Q

What are the challenges to the path to indefinite leave to remain

A

Cost

33
Q

What does destitution mean

A

Going without the basic necessities of life such as home, food, heating, lightning etc
Or
Income of less than £70 per week

34
Q

What is no recourse to public funds mean

A

This is when someone is in the U.K. legally but cannot have benefits

35
Q

Who cannot have public funds

A

Adults dependent on spouse of someone with settled immigration
Parent of a child who is in the U.K.
visa overstay

36
Q

Can adults that do not have public funds receive healthcare and social services

A

Yes

37
Q

What are the barriers to integration within the phases of refugee

A 
Language barriers 
Education 
Employment 
Family separation 
Low wage occupation with high risk hazards
38
Q

How can mental health be affected due to migration

A

Torture or exposure to violence
Detention
Ongoing uncertainty- waiting for decision
Challenges with integration

39
Q

What disorder are refugees who have been tortured likely to experience

A

Post traumatic stress syndrome

40
Q

What are both male and female refugees at risk of

A

Sexual violence
Exploitation
Transactional sex

41
Q

What are chances of migrants transmit infectious disease to the community

A

Very low but at high risk of transmitting it to household members

42
Q

What is a good way to control infectious disease with migrants

A 
Screen for:
HIV
Hep B
Hep C
TB
43
Q

Is nationality and immigration status relevant for GP registration

A

No anyone can become registered with a GP

44
Q

When can charges in healthcare occur

A

In secondary care

45
Q

What type of treatment if provided regardless of status

A

Urgent and immediate

46
Q

What is the NHS surcharge

A

People with a visa for more than 6 months are asked to pay a fee of £400 to the NHS

47
Q

Which services in the secondary care are exempt of charge

A

A&E
Family planning services
Communicable disease

DEM (21 decks)

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