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DEM > L12: Consciousness And Sleep > Flashcards

L12: Consciousness And Sleep Flashcards

1
Q

What is an illusion

A

Abnormal perception of external stimulus

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2
Q

What can illusion be

A

Completion
Affective
Pareldolia

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3
Q

What is completion

A

Illusion to fill in gaps

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4
Q

What is affective

A

Dependent on mood e.g a frightened kid sees a towel as person

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5
Q

What is paraldolia

A

Imagines seen abstract shapes due to fantasy thinking

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6
Q

What is hallucination

A

Perception in the absence of an external stimulus without subjective control

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7
Q

What are the forms of hallucination

A

See

Hear

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8
Q

What is organic hallucinations due to

A

Brain pathology due to tumour, stroke and acute confusional state

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9
Q

What is non organic hallucination due to

A

Mental health conditions e.g schizophrenia

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10
Q

What are the causes of hallucination

A

Organic

Non organic

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11
Q

What are the forms of point of view of hallucinations

A

2nd person
3rd person
Running commentary

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12
Q

What is 2nd person hallucination

A

A voice is speaking to you

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13
Q

What is 3rd person hallucinations

A

2 people are talking about you but not directly to you

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14
Q

What is running commentary in hallucinations

A

Listening to someone commenting

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15
Q

What can visual hallucinations be

A

Simple

Complex

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16
Q

What is simple visual hallucinations

A

Flashes light

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17
Q

What is complex visual hallucinations

A

Sensory modalities and moving images

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18
Q

What is possivity

A

A sensation of someone invading your body

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19
Q

What is gustatory hallucinations

A

An abnormal taste

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20
Q

What is olfactory hallucination

A

An abnormal smell

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21
Q

What is the definition of consicousness

A

A level of arousal and awareness of self and environment

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22
Q

What are the 3 dimensions of consciousness

A

1) coma, vegetative state and minimally conscious state
2) dissociative disorders
3) sleep

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23
Q

What are the 3 phases from consciousness to coma

A

1) clouding
2) drowsiness
3) coma

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24
Q

What is clouding

A

Disorientation

Impaired attention and concentration

25
Q

What is drowsiness

A

Tendency to drift to sleep without sensory stimulation
Slow actions
Slurred speech
Reduced flexes

26
Q

What is coma

A

No eye opening
No verbal response
No motor response

27
Q

When is prolonged disorders of consciousness diagnosed for

A

More than 4 weeks

28
Q

When is a non traumatic injury considered to be permanent

A

More than 6 months

29
Q

When is traumatic injury considered to be permanent

A

When more than 12 months

30
Q

What is coma

A

No arousal

No awareness

31
Q

What is vegetative state

A

Auroral and no awareness

32
Q

What is minimally conscious state

A

Arousal with minimal awareness

33
Q

In com do we expect to have eye opening

A

No

34
Q

In vegetative state is there eye opening

A

Yes

35
Q

Is vegetative state is there sleep wake cycles

A

Yes

36
Q

In vegetative state is there visual tracking

A

No

37
Q

In minimally conscious state is there eye opening

A

Yes

38
Q

In minimally conscious state is there sleep wake cycles

A

Yes

39
Q

In minimally conscious state is there visual tracking

A

Often yes

40
Q

In vegetative state what would the person not show

A

Voluntary behaviour

No language

41
Q

In minimally conscious state what has the awareness has to be

A

Reproducible but can be inconsistent

42
Q

What can cause prolonged disorders of consciousness

A 
Trauma 
Vascular event 
Hypoxic 
Infection 
Toxic i.e drugs or alcohol poisoning
43
Q

What type of injury has the lowest chance of recovery

A

Non traumatic injury compared to traumatic

44
Q

What are dissociative disorders

A

A group of disorders characterised by disruption in the integrated functions of consciousness, memory and identity and perception of environment.

45
Q

What is dissociative disorder considered to be a mechanism of

A

Mechanism of coping with stress by dissociating e.g for denial that is it not happening to them

46
Q

What are the known dissociative disorder

A

Depersonalisation- derealisation disorder
Dissociative amnesia
Dissociative identity disorder

47
Q

What does depersonalisation mean

A

Out of body experienced, someone is detached from their thoughts and feelings

48
Q

What is derealisation

A

World around is unreal, people see objects as foggy

49
Q

What is dissociative amnesia

A

When people cannot remember information about themselves or events in their past life

50
Q

What is dissociative identity disorder

A

Memory gaps about everyday events and personal information

51
Q

What is the behavioural definition of sleep

A

Recurrent regular reversible state characterised by quiescence and diminished response to external cues

52
Q

What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus involved in

A

Circadian rhythms that drives sleep

53
Q

What does rising adenosine levels do

A

Makes you want to sleep

54
Q

What is caffeine

A

An adenosine antagonist

55
Q

What is the 2 types of sleep that we have

A

REM sleep

Non rem sleep

56
Q

Which neurotransmitters are involved in non rem sleep

A

GABA (aminergic)

57
Q

Which neurotransmitter is involved in rem sleep

A

Ach

58
Q

As we age what happens to our sleep

A

REM sleep decreases

59
Q

What a re the functions of sleep

A

Immune function
Metabolic function
Clymphatic function

DEM (21 decks)

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