Systemic Mycoses

Question 1

T or F: all systemic mycoses causing fungi are dimorphic

Answer 1

True
 Coccidioides immitis
 Coccidioides posadasii
 Histoplasma capsulatum
 Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii
 Blastomyces dermatitidis
 Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Question 2

Other term for systemic mycoses

Answer 2

endemic mycoses

Question 3

at low temperatures and require optimal O2 content and nutrients, form of dimorphic fungi?

Answer 3

mold

Question 4

at higher temp, reduced o2 and suboptimal nutrients, what form?

Answer 4

yeast (form present in host)

Question 5

other growth conditions affecting fungal dimorphism

Answer 5

CO2 tension

REDOX potential

Question 6

stages of pathogenesis of systemic mycoses

Answer 6

1. Spore production
2. Primary pulmonary infection
3. Dissemination of infection

Question 7

type of host immunity against this

Answer 7

CMI (life long immunity)

Question 8

Other name for coccidiomycosis

Answer 8

 Valley Fever
 San Joaquin Valley Fever
 California Disease
 Desert Rheumatism

Question 9

etiological agents of coccidiomycosis

Answer 9

 Coccidioides immitis

 Coccidioides posadasii

Question 10

characteristic of culture of coccidio in SDA at 25C

Answer 10

white to tan cottony colony

Question 11

seen in microscopy of coccidio

Answer 11

thick walled, barrel shaped arthrospores

SPHERULES WITH ENDOSPORES

Question 12

antigenic structures of coccidioides

Answer 12

coccidioidin

spherulin

Question 13

why is dry soil (semi-arid and hot regions) apt for coccidioides

Answer 13

high carbon

high salt content

Question 14

arthrospores develop into this to produce endospores released in the lungs

Answer 14

spherules

Question 15

complications of coccidiomycosis in immunocompromised

Answer 15

meningitis, osteomyelitis, and skin granulomas

Question 16

clinical manifestations of coccidiomycosi

Answer 16

primary (mostly asymptomatic, some with flu-like, others show hypersensitivity reax)
secondary

Question 17

specimens used for id coccidiomycosis

Answer 17

sputum, exudate from cutaneous lesions, spinal fluid, blood, urine, tissue biopsies

Question 18

also known as Ohio Valley fever and Darling Fever; most common systemic mycoses in the Philippines

Answer 18

Histoplasmosis

Question 19

etiologic agents of histoplasmosis

Answer 19

 Histoplasma capsulatum (var. capsulatum)-intracellular, fisheye shaped
 Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii- larger

Question 20

Histoplasmosis culture

Answer 20

SDA at 25C

Chocolate agar at 37C

Question 21

seen in microscopic examination of histoplasmosis

Answer 21

spherical-oval microconidia and tuberculate macroconidia

Question 22

filtrate of mycelial broth culture; antigenic structure of histoplasma

Answer 22

histoplasmin

Question 23

why is moist soil (caves, poultry farms, parks: humid areas) considered habitat for histoplasma?

Answer 23

high nitrogen content

supplemented with bird/bat guano

Question 24

pathogenesis of histoplasmosis

Answer 24

inhalation of microconidia > mild pneumonitis > tissue phase (yeast cell develops pero kinain tas nagbud)

Question 25

t or f: most histoplasmosis infx are asymptomatic

Answer 25

true

Question 26

very rare clinical manifestation of histoplasmosis

Answer 26

cutaneous histoplasmosi

Question 27

clinical manifestation of histoplasmosis with influenza-like symptoms and hilar lymphadenopathy (resembling Ghon's complex of TB)

Answer 27

Primary acute pulmonary disease

Question 28

clinical manifestation of histoplasmosis resembling primary disseminated TB (miliary TB) in lungs, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, GIT and adrenals

Answer 28

Hematogenous spread

Question 29

clinical manifestation of histoplasmosis characterized by lymphadenopathy, mucocutaneous lesions with abscesses and ulceration and insidious osteolytic lesions in ribs, lung bones and cranium

Answer 29

African Histoplasmosis

Question 30

specimens used for histoplasmosis id

Answer 30

sputum, scrapings from superficial lesions, bone marrow aspirates, buffy coat blood cells, urine

Question 31

seen in microscopic exam of histoplasmosis

Answer 31

ovoid cells in macrophages *grown in glucose-cysteine agar

Question 32

also known as Gilchrist's disease and Chicago disease common infection in dogs

Answer 32

Blastomycosis

Question 33

etiologic agent of blastomycosis

Answer 33

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Question 34

culture used for blastomycosis

Answer 34

BHI at 25C

Question 35

characteristic of microscopic exam of blastomycosis

Answer 35

broad based budding, lollipop shaped *antigenic struc: blastomycin (filtrate of culture)

Question 36

Although unknown habitat, where is blastomyces usually found?

Answer 36

abandoned buildings | organic matter

Question 37

stages of pathogenesis of blastomycosis

Answer 37

1. Spore production 2. Primary pulmonary infection - Presence of granulomatous and suppurated lesions 3. Dissemination of infection (skin, bone, genitourinary tract)

Question 38

clinical manifestations of blastomycosis

Answer 38

cutaneous (painless and verrucous lesions) pulmonary (primary; a/s) osteoarticular (symptomatic at joints and soft tissues)

Question 39

Other forms of blastomycosis

Answer 39

Genitourinary Blastomycosis Meningitis, and spinal or brain abscesses Choroiditis Endophthalmitis Fulminant blastomycosis: AIDS

Question 40

also known as South American Blastomycosis

Answer 40

Paracoccidioidomycosis "Paracoccidioidal Granuloma"

Question 41

T or F: id of paracoccidioides brasiliensis is not possible through gross morpho

Answer 41

true | media used: LJ-25,SDA-37

Question 42

characteristic of paracoccidioides in microscopic exam

Answer 42

mariner's wheel/steering wheel

Question 43

antigen extract used as antigenic struc for paraccodioides

Answer 43

paracoccidioidin

Question 44

habitat of paracoccidioides

Answer 44

unknown pero cool humid soil, agricultural workers

Question 45

paracoccidioides primary pulmonary infection is characterized by

Answer 45

long latency period | chronic granulomatous lesions

Question 46

kind of lesions found in mucocutaneous paracoccidioidomycosis

Answer 46

painful ulcerated *cutaneous lesions: no pain

Question 47

culture used for paracoccid

Answer 47

yeast extract agar | SAB

Question 48

see table pls

Answer 48

see table pls