Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Flashcards
What is systemic lupus erythematosus?
Inflammatory autoimmune connective tissue disease
What does SLE affect?
Multiple organs & systems
Who is likely to get SLE?
- Women
- Young-middle aged
- Asians
What antibodies characterizes SLE?
Anti-nuclear antibodies
What is pathophysiology of SLE?
The ANA ABs cause immune cells target proteins leading to inflammation in body leading to symptoms
Presnetation of SLE?
- Fatigue
- Wt loss
- Myalgia
- Fever
- Mouth ulcers
- Photosensitive malar rash ‘butterfly’
- Arthralgia/non-erosive arthritis
- Lymphadenopathy/splenomegaly
- SOB
- Hair loss
- Reynaud’s phenomenon
Investigations for SLE?
- Autoantibodies
- FBC
- C3/C4 levels
- CRP/ESR
- Immunoglobulins
- Urinalysis & urine protein: creatinine ratio
- Renal biopsy (lupus nephritis)
What happens to C3/C4 levels in SLE?
Decrease
FBC in SLE has what characteristic?
Normocytic anaemia if chronic
What antibodies is SLE associated with?
ANA
What are ANAs?
Antibodies against normal proteins in cell nucleus
What percentage of people with SLE will be ANA positive?
85%
What DNA is SLE specific?
Anti-double stranded DNA (anti-ds DNA)
Levels vary with condition
Patients without SLE can still have anti-ds DNA?
NO
Which antibody is specific to SLE?
Anti-smith
What antibody for limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis?
Anti-centromere ABs
What disease is characterised by anti-Ro and Anti-La?
Sjogren’s
Systemic sclerosis has which antibodies
Anti-Scl- 70
Anti-JO-1 is for which disease?
Dermatomyositis
What syndrome can occur secondary to SLE?
Anti-phospholipid AB’s/syndrome
Criteria/diagnosis for SLE?
SLICC criteria
OR
ACR Criteria
-Involves confirming presence of ANA & certain clinical features which suggest SLE
Complications of SLE?
- CVS: chronic blood vessel inflammation: HT & CAD
- Infection
- Anaemia of chronic disease
- Pericarditis
- Pleuritis
- ILD-> pulmonary fibrosis
- Lupus nephritis
- Neuropsychiatric SLE
- Recurrent miscarriage
Treatment of SLE?
- Anti-inflammatory medication
- Immunosuppression
- NO CURE
1st line meds for SLE?
-NSAIDs
2nd line meds for SLE?
-Roids (predisalone)
3rd line meds for SLE?
-Hydroxychlorquine (1st line in mild)
Other options of treatmnet for SLE?
Other immunosuppressants
Biological therapies: sever disease
