Osteomalacia

Question 1

What is osteomalacia?

Answer 1

Condition where there s defective bone mineralisation causing ‘soft bones’

Question 2

What does malacia mean?

Answer 2

Soft

Question 3

What is Osteomalacia a result of?

Answer 3

Insufficient vitamin D

Question 4

What is osteomalacia known as in children?

Answer 4

Rickets

Question 5

What is Vitamin D?

Answer 5

Hormone created with cholesterol by skin response to UV radiation

Question 6

What do kidneys metabolise vitamin D to?

Answer 6

Its active form

Question 7

Presnetation of osteomalacia?

Answer 7

Fatigue 
Pain 
Muscle weakness 
Muscle aches 
Pathological fractures

Question 8

Risk factors of osteomalacia?

Answer 8

• Darker skin
• Low exposure to sunlight
• Live in a colder place and spend a lot of time indoors

Question 9

Investigation for osteomalacia?

Answer 9

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D

Question 10

If there is less 25nmol/L of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D?

Answer 10

Vitamin D deficiency

Question 11

If there is 25-50nmol/L of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D?

Answer 11

Vit D insufficiency

Question 12

Optimal levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D?

Answer 12

75nmol/L or over

Question 13

Other findings in osteomalacia?

Answer 13

• Serum calcium is low
• Serum phosphate is low
• Serum alkaline phosphatase may be high
• PTH may be high
• X-rays may show osteopenia

Question 14

Why would PTH be high?

Answer 14

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

Question 15

Treatment of osteomalacia?

Answer 15

Vitamin D supplements

Colecalciferol