Osteoporosis Flashcards
What is osteoporosis?
Condition where there is a reduction in density of bones
What is osteopenia?
Less severe reduction in bone density than osteoporosis
Who gets osteomalacia?
Older age Low BMI POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN Long term corticosteroids Reduced mobility & activity Female RA Alcohol & smoking
What is FRAX tool?
Predicts risk of fragility fracture over next 10 years
What information does FRAX tool involve?
Age BMI Alcohol Co-morbidities -Fam Hx
Sometimes bone density but not necessary
How is BMD measured?
DEXA scan
How can results of DEXA be presented?
T score
Z score
What is Z score?
No. of SDs patients bone density falls below mean for their age
What is T score?
No. of SDs below mean for healthy young adult their bone density
T score at hip of more than 1 means?
Normal
T score of -1->-2.5 means?
Osteopenia
T score of less than -2.5?
Osteoporosis
T score of less than -2.5 + fratcture?
Severe osteoporosis
Step 1 of assessment for osteoporosis?
FRAX assessments on patients
Management of osteoporosis?
Lifestyle changes
Vit D and Ca supplements
Bisphosphonates = 1st line
