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Musculoskeletal > Systemic Lupus Erythematosus > Flashcards

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Flashcards

1
Q

What are connective tissue diseases?

A

Diseases involving spontaneous over-activity of the immune system

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2
Q

What is systemic lupus erythematosus?

A

A connective tissue disease in which the immune system attacks the body’s cells and tissues

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3
Q

There is commonly a genetic predisposition to SLE. True/false?

A

True

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4
Q

Which hormone is thought to play a particular role in SLE?

A

Oestrogen

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5
Q

Give some environmental factors that may be involved in SLE

A

Viruses
UV light
Cigarette smoke

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6
Q

Outline the pathogenesis of SLE

A

Clearance of dead cells is delayed triggering the immune system to recognise them as antigens and produce autoantibodies

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7
Q

Why does renal disease commonly occur in lupus?

A

As a complex is formed between antibodies and antigens that are deposited in the kidney

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8
Q

For a patient to be diagnosed with SLE, they must have a combination of what criteria?

A

Clinical and immunological

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9
Q

Give some examples of clinical criteria for SLE

A

Rashes
Arthritis
Renal disease
Leukopenia

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10
Q

Give some immunological criteria for SLE

A

ANA
Anti-dsDNA
Low complement

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11
Q

What are some mucocutaneous features of SLE?

A

Malar rash
Discoid lupus erythematosus
Mouth ulcers

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12
Q

What are some musculoskeletal features of SLE?

A

Polyarthritis
Myopathy
Jacooud’s arthritis

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13
Q

Serositis can cause what conditions?

A

Pericarditis
Pleurisy
Pleural effusion

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14
Q

What is the main renal feature of SLE?

A

Proteinuria of >500mg

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15
Q

Give some neurological features of SLE

A

Depression
Migraines
Seizures

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16
Q

Give some haematological features of SLE

A

Lymphadenopathy
Leucopenia
Haemolytic anaemia

17
Q

What are the features of anti-phospholipid syndrome?

A

Venous and arterial thrombosis
Recurrent miscarriage
Association with SLE

18
Q

ANA has a good/poor sensitivity and good/poor specificity

A

Good

Poor

19
Q

What other antinuclear antibodies are important in SLE?

A

Anti-dsDNA
Anti-Sm
Anti-Ro
Anti-RNP

20
Q

What is the most useful autoantibody in diagnosing SLE? Why?

A

Anti-dsDNA

High specificity

21
Q

What are the anti-phospholipid syndrome antibodies?

A

Anti-cardiolipin
Lupus anticoagulant
Anti-beta 2 glycoprotein

22
Q

What other possible investigations can be done in SLE?

A 
CXR
CT
Pulmonary function
Renal biopsy
ECHO
23
Q

How can SLE activity be monitored?

A

C3/C4 levels
Anti-dsDNA level
Urinalysis

24
Q

What drug should be given to all patients with SLE?

A

Hydroxychloroquine

25
Q

Are steroids indicated in SLE?

A

Yes

26
Q

What is the first choice immunosuppressant in SLE?

A

Cyclophosphamide

Musculoskeletal (22 decks)

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