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Musculoskeletal > Childhood Hip Disorders > Flashcards

Childhood Hip Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are some common risk factors of developmental dysplasia of the hip?

A

Breech position
FHx
Musculoskeletal abnormalities

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2
Q

How does developmental dysplasia of the hip commonly present?

A

Extra skin fold in thigh in first 2 months

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3
Q

What need to be checked in an examination of developmental dysplasia of the hip?

A

Asymmetry
Click/clunk
Abduction

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4
Q

What tests need to be done to assess for instability?

A

Barlow

Ortolani

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5
Q

What is the most useful imaging technique for developmental dysplasia of the hip?

A

Ultrasound

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6
Q

What harness can be used if developmental dysplasia of the hip is diagnosed early?

A

Pavlik harness

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7
Q

How is developmental dysplasia of the hip corrected if recognised late?

A

Open reduction

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8
Q

What should be done first in a preschool child with a limp?

A

Exclude infection

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9
Q

What criteria can be used to exclude infection?

A 
Kocher criteria
Temp >38
Unable to bear weight
CRP >20
WCC >12
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10
Q

What is the commonest cause of a limp in a preschool child?

A

Transient synovitis

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11
Q

What is the classic presentation of a patient with Perthes?

A

A small hyperactive boy

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12
Q

What occurs in Perthes?

A

Avascular necrosis - blood supply is cut off to the epiphysis

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13
Q

What are the four stages of Perthes?

A

Necrosis
Fragmentation
Re-ossification
Remoddeling

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14
Q

What are the treatment principles of Perthes?

A

Influencing the shape of the recovering head

Maintaining hip abduction

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15
Q

What does SUFE stand for?

A

Slipped upper femoral epiphysis

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16
Q

How does a patient with SUFE classically present?

A

Shortened leg that is laterally rotated

17
Q

What are usual features of a patient with SUFE?

A

10-16
Obese child
Boy
Black

18
Q

What is Trethowan’s sign?

A

When the line from the neck of the femur does not transect the femoral head

19
Q

How is SUFE treated?

A

Physis is stabilised

20
Q

What can occur in acute unstable SUFE?

A

Avascular necrosis - may lead to total hip replacement

Musculoskeletal (22 decks)

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