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Musculoskeletal > Soft Tissue Knee Injuries > Flashcards

Soft Tissue Knee Injuries Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Why is the medial meniscus far more commonly injured than the lateral?

A

Fixed position

Under greater stress

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3
Q

What stress do the MCL and LCL resist?

A

MCL - valgus stress

LCL - varus stress

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4
Q

What does the ACL resist?

A

Anterior subluxation of the tibia

Internal rotation of the tibia

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5
Q

What does the PCL resist?

A

Anterior subluxation of the femur

Hyperextension of the knee

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6
Q

The MCL heals poorly while the LCL heals easily. True/false?

A

False - MCL heals easily, LCL rupture requires surgery

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7
Q

Rupture of the MCL, ACL and PCL may lead to what?

A

MCL rupture - valgus instability

ACL rupture - rotatory instability

PCL rupture - recurrent hyperextension

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8
Q

Name some patterns of meniscal tears

A

Longitudinal

Bucket handle

Radial

Parrot beak

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9
Q

What kinds of patients commonly get meniscal tears?

A

Sporty patients

Those who squat regularly

Older patient

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10
Q

How is a suspected meniscal tear investigated?

A

MRI

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11
Q

An acute locked knee suggests what kind of tear?

A

Bucket handle

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12
Q

Describe the grading of knee ligament injuries

A

Grade 1 - sprain - some fibres torn

Grade 2 - partial tear

Grade 3 - complete tear

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13
Q

It is rare to operate on an MCL as it usually heals on its own. True/false?

A

True

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14
Q

How is the ACL reconstructed?

A

Taking a tendon from elsewhere and using it to replace the ACL

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15
Q

An ACL surgery treats pain and instability. True/false?

A

False - instability only

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16
Q

What causes a PCL rupture?

A

Direct blow to anterior tibia or hyperextension

17
Q

A knee dislocation is a surgical emergency. Why?

A

Can lead to compartment syndrome and seconday ischaemia

18
Q

How many ligaments have ruptured in knee dislocation?

A

At least 3 of 4

19
Q

Who have a higher incidence of patellar dislocation?

A

Females and adolescents

20
Q

What is the mechanism of injury for rupture of the MCL, PCL, ACL and LCL?

A

MCL - valgus

ACL - twisting

LCL - varus

PCL - hyperextension

Musculoskeletal (22 decks)

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