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Musculoskeletal > Crystal Arthropathies > Flashcards

Crystal Arthropathies Flashcards

1
Q

Gout and pseudogout are caused by which types of crystal?

A

Gout - urate crystals

Pseudogout - calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate

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2
Q

What is gout?

A

An inflammatory arthritis caused by urate crystal deposition

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3
Q

Gout is the commonest inflammatory arthritis in women. True/false?

A

False - commonest in men

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4
Q

What level of serum urate denotes hyperuricaemia?

A

> 0.42mmol/l

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5
Q

If you have hyperuricaemia do you have gout?

A

Not always

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6
Q

What are the general causes of gout?

A

Overproduction/under excretion of urate

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7
Q

What causes overproduction of urate crystals?

A

Genetics

High cell turnover (psoriasis)

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8
Q

What causes under excretion of urate crystals?

A 
Renal insufficiency
Dehydration
Hypothyroidism
Diuretics
Alcohol
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9
Q

When is the best time to measure serum urate?

A

2 weeks after acute attack

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10
Q

How does monoarticular gout present?

A

Rapid onset
Red hot joint
Severe pain

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11
Q

Give some differential diagnoses for gout

A

Septic arthritis

Trauma

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12
Q

How is gout investigated?

A

Measuring CRP/PV
WCC raised
X-ray (only in chronic gout)

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13
Q

What is the gold standard for diagnosing gout?

A

Joint aspirate

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14
Q

How is an acute attack of gout managed?

A

NSAIDs
Colchicine
Corticosteroids

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15
Q

Give some lifestyle modifications that can be made for gout

A

Change in diet (reduce red meat)
Reduce alcohol
Lose weight

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16
Q

What is used for prophylaxis of gout attacks?

A

Allopurinol - urate lowering therapy that can be titrated upwards

17
Q

Pseudogout is commoner in younger people and is associated with rheumatoid arthritis. True/false?

A

False - commoner in older patients and associated with osteoarthritis

18
Q

What is hydroxyapatite?

A

An hydroxyapatite crystal deposition in or around in the shoulder joint

Musculoskeletal (22 decks)

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