درس یازدهم Synonyms and confusable words 2

Question 1

Verbs connected with gaining, winning and achieving

Answer 1

Note these typical collocations connected with ‘gaining’ or ‘achieving’.

Question 2

verb collocates with:
gain: power, control, access

معمولا با مفاهیم انتزاعی که ذهنیه میآید

Answer 2

The Socialist Party gained control of the National Assembly.

Gain is o en used with abstract nouns relating to political
authority.

Question 3

gain[formal]:
a reputation, publicity,
recognition, an advantage

Answer 3

Her paintings gained recognition thanks to a major exhibition in New York.

Gain is often used with abstract nouns that suggest benefit to the ‘gain

Question 4

win an award, a prize, a medal,
a match

Answer 4

He won a medal in the 2016
Olympic Games.

Win is often used in contexts associated with competition در مسائلی

Question 5

win a battle, a war, an election

Answer 5

The Conservative Party won the 2015 General Election

Win is often used in contexts associated with fighting

Question 6

earn a salary, money

Answer 6

I earn $2110 a month.

You earn money by working for it.

Question 7

make a profit, money

Answer 7

The company made a profit last year.
You can make money by investing etc., not just by working

با کار کردن نیست در واقع
You can make money by investing etc., not just

Question 8

achieve success, your goals, your
aims

Answer 8

It’s difficult to** achieve success** in international sport.

Achieve is used mainly with abstract nouns.

Question 9

beat/ defeat
a team, an opponent

Answer 9

He defeated his opponent in the tennis final.

You win a match but beat/defeat an opponent

You win a match but beat/defeat an opponent.
Defeat is more formal than beat

Question 10

Other words that are often confused

Answer 10

1. You’ll need to take warm clothes when you go to Alaska. (NOT carry)
2. I always carry my mobile phone whenever I go out. (NOT wear)
3. She was wearing a hat. (NOT carrying)
4. He kindly offered to carry my bag for me.
5. She’s wearing a dress. (NOT using)
6. He’s using a laptop

Question 11

Common mistakes

Answer 11

Notice how spend is used when talking about** time and money.**
We spent three days in the mountains. It was wonderful. (NOT passed)
If you buy a big car you’ll have to spend more money on petrol. (NOT use)
Last night I** spent two hours** watching TV. (NOT stayed)
I spent **an hour **looking for the keys before I found them in my bag. (NOT passed)

Question 12

1 I don’t have ambitions to ……………………………………….. a lot of money; I just want to be happy in life.
2 Jack has already ……………………………………….. a very good reputation as a talented lawyer.
3 Sophia has ……………………………………….. several prizes for her singing.
4 It is important to have goals even if you do not always ……………………………………….. them.
5 Chris ……………………………………….. a lot of money when he sold some old shares on the stock exchange.
6 In the tournament Hannah ……………………………………….. all her opponents and ……………………………………….. the gold medal.
7 Nowadays Alex ……………………………………….. a very good salary.
8 In the cycle race, Henrik ……………………………………….. an advantage when several of his opponents had punctures.

Answer 12

1 I don’t have ambitions to ..earn / make. a lot of money; I just want to be happy in life.
2 Jack has already .gained. a very good reputation as a talented lawyer.
3 Sophia has .won. several prizes for her singing.
4 It is important to have goals even if you do not always .acheive. them.
5 Chris .made. a lot of money when he sold some old shares on the stock exchange.
6 In the tournament Hannah .beated. all her opponents and .won. the gold medal.
7 Nowadays Alex .earns. a very good salary.
8 In the cycle race, Henrik .gain. an advantage when several of his opponents had punctures.

Salary: A fixed regular payment