درس نوزدهم Families

Question 1

Sociologists talk about nuclear and extended families. A nuclear family is just parents and children. An extended family is a wider network including grandparents, cousins, etc.

Answer 1

Nuclear~Immediate family خانواده اصلی
Extended family: خانواده و خویشان

Question 2

Close relatives are those like parents, children, brothers or sisters. Distant relatives are people like second cousins [the children of a cousin of your mother or father] or distant cousins.

Answer 2

Close relatives
Distant relatives

Question 3

Close/immediate family refers to people who are your nearest blood relatives:
I don’t have much close/immediate family.

Question 4

She’s a distant cousin of mine; she’s not a blood relative.
Close can also be used to mean that the relationship is a very strong one:
We are a very close family. or We are a very close-knit family.

Question 5

These adjectives also collocate with family:
loving, respectable, dysfunctional [unhappy, not working in a healthy way]

Question 6

Henry came from a respectable family, so Ella’s parents felt happy about the marriage.

Question 7

Someone’s late husband/wife is one who has died.

Question 8

An estranged [formal] husband/wife is one who lives in a different place and has a difficult relationship with their husband/wife.

Question 9

They may be having a trial separation and may eventually decide to get a divorce. In some cases it can be a bitter/acrimonious divorce. [full of anger, arguments and bad feeling]

Question 10

A person’s ex-husband/ex-wife is a man/woman that she/he used to be married to.

Question 11

Children whose parents have separated or divorced are said to come from a broken home.

Question 12

If their family is a strong, loving one it can be called a stable home. If it is a poor one, not having the things that are necessary for a pleasant life, such as enough money, food or good living conditions, it can be called a deprived home. A confirmed bachelor is a man who seems to have no intention of ever marrying.

Question 12

If their family is a strong, loving one it can be called a stable home. If it is a poor one, not having the things that are necessary for a pleasant life, such as enough money, food or good living conditions, it can be called a deprived home. A confirmed bachelor is a man who seems to have no intention of ever marrying.

Question 13

start a family

Answer 13

They are hoping to start a family
soon.
NOT begin a family

Question 14

have children

Answer 14

I’d like to have three children.
NOT get children

Question 15

expect a baby

Answer 15

Astrid is expecting a baby. NOT wait (for) a baby

Question 16

have a baby

Answer 16

Alyssa had her baby yesterday. NOT get a baby

Question 17

the baby is due

Answer 17

The baby is due next week. = expected to arrive

Question 18

single parent/mother

Answer 18

It’s hard being a single parent.
may be either unmarried or divorced

Question 19

raise / bring up children / a family

Answer 19

Violet had to bring up four young children on her own.
Raise a family is more common in US than in UK English

Question 20

apply for custody of
give/grant [formal] custody

Answer 20

The father applied for custody of the children, but the judge gave/
granted custody to the mother.
custody: the legal right or duty to care for a child after its parents
have separated or died

Question 21

**provide for your family **

Answer 21

Nico works very long hours to provide for his family.
= to earn enough money to support your family

Question 22

**set up home **

Answer 22

We live with my mum now, but we’ll set up home on our own
soon.
= to start an independent life in one’s own flat or house

زندگی مستقل تشکیل دادن

Question 23

I grew up in an (1) ………………………………….. family as my grandparents and a couple of aunts and an uncle, who was a (2) ………………………………….. bachelor, lived with us. We saw a lot of our (3) ………………………………….. relatives as well as our close ones. I think that families tended to be much more (4) ………………………………….. then – we talked to each other more and did things together more. I’m sure there are far more (5) ………………………………….. families now than there used to be – you know, where parents hardly spend any time with their children, or with each other – and a lot of parents who are divorced. My (6) ………………………………….. wife, who died two years ago,
used to say that it is not fair.

Answer 23

extended
confirmed
distant
dysfunctional
late wife