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General Parasitology > Swine Helminths > Flashcards

Swine Helminths Flashcards

1
Q

what are the gastrointestinal helminths of swine?

A

nematodes
small intestine: ascrais suum, strongyloides sp
large intestine: trichuris suis
stomach: hyostrongylus

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2
Q

what is the major gastrointestinal nematode in pigs?

A

ascaris suum

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3
Q

what are the clinical signs of ascaris suum?

A

unthriftiness
weight loss or not gaining weight
coughing, rapid shallow breathing- “thumps”
colic

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4
Q

true/false: ascaris suum eggs are hardy and sticky and difficult to get rid of

A

true

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5
Q

what are the pathophysiology signs of ascaris suum?

A

L3, L4: migration:
liver: interstitial hepatitis, localized fibrotic area
lungs: hemorrhage, bronchitis, edema, pneumonia
L4: small intestine: catarrhal enteritis, rarely obstruction/perforation

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6
Q

is ascaris suum zoonotic?

A

yes

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7
Q

is strongyloides ransomi zoonotic?

A

no

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8
Q

how is strongyloides ransomi transmitted?

A

transmammary

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9
Q

what are the clinical signs of strongyloides ransomi?

A

piglets: bloody diarrhea, emaciation, anemia, stunteted growth, death
adults: usually none

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10
Q

what is the prepatent period of strongyloides ransomi?

A

2-4 days if transmammary
6 is skin or mucosal penetration

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11
Q

what is the life cycle of strongyloides ransomi?

A

direct
alternates between free-living and parasitic

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12
Q

what is the pathophysiology of strongyloides ransomi?

A

piglets especially
acute enteritis
pulmonary migration
+/- lesions from percutaneous or mucosal transmission

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13
Q

what are the clinical signs of trichuris suis?

A

primarily 2-6mo piglets
diarrhea
anemia
weight loss

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14
Q

what stage is infectious in pigs of trichuris suis?

A

L1

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15
Q

what is the life cycle and prepatent period of trichuris suis?

A

direct
6-7 weeks

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16
Q

where do hyostrongylus rubidus go in the body?

A

stomach

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17
Q

what are the clinical signs and pathophysiology of hyostrongylus rubidus?

A

older swine on pasture
diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, wasting
larvae invade gastric glands, gastritis

18
Q

what are the clinical signs of metastrongylus spp?

A

cough, shallow breathing, anorexia
piglets worse

19
Q

what is the pathophysiology of metastrongylus spp?

A

alveolitis, bronchitis, possible tracts in liver

20
Q

what does stephanurus sp infect?

A

retroperitoneal tissues and kidneys, ureters

21
Q

what are the clinical signs of stephanurus sp?

A

anorexia
weight loss

22
Q

what is the pathophysiology of stephanurus sp?

A

inflammation
abscesses due to larval migration

23
Q

what cells do trichinella spiralis inhabit?

A

small intestine mucosa: females deposit prelarvae
prelarvae to blood stream to myocytes: “nurse cells”

24
Q

is trichinella spiralis zoonotic?

A

yes

25
Q

what are the hosts of taenia solium?

A

swine are intermediate hosts
humans are definitive hosts, accidental intermediate hosts

26
Q

what life cycle do taenia solium have?

A

predator-prey

27
Q

what parasites have an L1 infectious stage?

A

Trichuris suis
Trichinella spiralis

28
Q

what are the respiratory helminths of swine?

A

Metastrongylus spp

29
Q

what are the urinary helminths of swine?

A

Stephanurus sp

30
Q

what are the musculoskeletal helminths of swine?

A

Trichinella spiralis
Taenia spp

31
Q

what are the hosts of ascaris suum?

A

swine
paratenic: earthworm, beetle

32
Q

you see “milk spots” on a liver of a pig on necropsy. what parasite(s) are you worried about?

A

Ascaris suum
Stephanurus dentatus
Metastrongylus does not migrate in liver extensively

33
Q

what can be used to treat Ascaris suum?

A

multiple options: fenbendazole, levamisole, pyrantel tartarate, ivermectin

34
Q

what can be used to treat Strongyloides ransomi?

A

benzimidazoles, avermectins, especially prior to farrowing

35
Q

what is the intermediate host of Metastrongylus spp?

A

earthworm

36
Q

how is Metastrongylus spp diagnosed?

A

eggs with L1 in feces
necropsy: bronchial tree

37
Q

what is the life cycle of Stephanurus spp?

A

indirect
earthworm

38
Q

what can a swine get from eating earthworms?

A

Stephanurus spp
Metastrongylus spp
Ascaris suum (paratenic)

39
Q

what is a parasite that has no signs in swine but does have signs in other species?

A

Trichinella spiralis
Taenia solium maybe: swine IH, humans DH

40
Q

what swine parasites have no treatment?

A

Trichinella spiralis

General Parasitology (17 decks)

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