Swine Flashcards
The porcine species =
Swine
Mature intact female
Sow
Mature intact male
Boar
Male castrated before puberty
Barrow
Immature female, before the birth of her first litter
Gilt
The act of parturition
Farrowing
Very young, a small pig from birth to weaning
Piglet
Young swine of either sex, less than 120 pounds or about 4 months old
Pig/Shoat
More than 120 pounds, large swine of either sex
Hog
Normal temperature for swine
101 to 103.5 degrees F
Normal heart rate for swine
60 to 90 bpm
Normal respiratory rate for swine
10 to 24 bpm
What is the most common form of individual restraint in swine?
Hog snare
How is semen collected from boars?
Manual stimulation
Artificial vaginas
What is important to know regarding artificial insemination in swine?
inseminate the sow twice twelve to twenty-four hours apart with semen from two boars.
This is called heterospermic insemination
How many piglets are typically born?
8 to 14 piglets
Swine have a low incidence of dystocia, what is the most common cause?
Obstruction of the birth canal and uterine inertia
What anatomical locations are used to assess body condition score in pigs?
Hips and backbone
What is the permanent dentition in swine?
2(3/3 I, 1/1 C, 4/4 P, 3/3 M)
What is the average daily gain of pigs in pounds?
1.4 to 1.8 pounds/day
When are piglets typically weaned?
3 to 5 weeks
What are the 3 most important essential amino acids for growing pigs?
lysing, tryptophan, and threonine
What veins (or other sites) are used to obtain a blood sample?
lateral auricular vein, coccygeal vein, cranial vena cava, jugular vein, orbital sinus, and cephalic vein.
What are different methods used to give oral medications to swine?
dosing syringe, pilling gun, or stomach tube
What are the locations where subcutaneous injections can be given in swine?
axillary area caudal to the elbow or in the inguinal region in the flank skinfold.
What are the locations of IM injection sites used in swine? Which is the preferred site and why?
Due to concern for damaging valuable cuts of meat with injections, the dorsal neck muscle behind the ears is the preferred muscle intramuscular injection site.
What vessel is used to administer IV medications or place an IV catheter in swine?
The lateral auricular vein
What are the 4 to 6 basic procedures routinely performed when processing piglets?
iron injection, clipping needle teeth, tail docking, ear notching, and tattooing. castration, and an antibiotic injection depending on the farm.
What important anesthetic risks of swine should be taken into consideration when planning for GA?
hypoventilation
respiratory depression, and limited expansion of the chest wall.
Malignant hyperthermia
What is TKX?
Telazol, ketamine, and xylazine
What issue is seen when opioids are used in swine?
“Woody Chest”
What are 4 common surgical procedures performed on swine?
castration, hernia repair, Cesarean section, and detusking
Which hernias have a hereditary component?
Inguinal and umbilical hernias
What does SPF stand for?
specific pathogen-free
