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Large Animal > Common Equine Diseases: Skin/Dermal Diseases > Flashcards

Common Equine Diseases: Skin/Dermal Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What is the causative agent for Rain rot?

A

Dermatophilus congolensis

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2
Q

What is a bacteria that is commonly misidentified as a fungus?

A

Dermatophilus congolensis

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3
Q

What are the clinical signs of Rain rot?

A

Crusty scabs
Matted tufts of hair
Paintbrush appearance

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4
Q

How is Rain Rot diagnosed?

A

Culture

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5
Q

How is Rain rot treated?

A

Antimicrobial therapy
Severe cases = systemic antibiotics
Bathing in Povidone or Chlorhexidine

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6
Q

What is the causative agent for Dermatophytosis?

A 
Trichophyton equinum
T. verrucosum
T. mentagrophytes
Microsporum canis
Microsporum equinum
Microsporum gypseum
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7
Q

What are the clinical signs of Dermatophytosis?

A

Small, round lesions covered with scales around the girth and neck areas

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8
Q

How is Dermatophytosis diagnosed?

A

Wood’s lamp
Culture
Histology

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9
Q

How is Dermatophytosis treated?

A

Povidone-iodine, thiabendazole, sulfur dip, miconazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole, captan

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10
Q

What is the most common agent that causes ringworm in horse?

A

Trichophyton equinum

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11
Q

What is the causative agent of Cutaneous Papillomas?

A

Equus Caballus papillomavirus type 1

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12
Q

What are the clinical signs of Cutaneous Papillomas?

A

Warts

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13
Q

How is Cutaneous Papillomas diagnosed?

A

Clinical signs

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14
Q

How is cutaneous papillomas treated?

A

Cryotherapy, topical therapy

Resovles within 3 to 4 months of removal

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15
Q

What is the causative agent of Sarcoids?

A

Bovine Papilloma virus

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16
Q

What is the most common tumor in horses?

A

Sarcoids

17
Q

What are sarcoids?

A

Fibroblastic, wart-like lesions
Locally invasive
Often recurrent

18
Q

How are sarcoids dianosed?

A

Histopathology

19
Q

What is the treatment for Sarcoids?

A 
Topical
Surgery
Chemo
Direct radiation 
All with variable success
20
Q

What is the most common cancer of the horse’s eyes and second most common tumor in horses?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

21
Q

In what breeds of horses are Squamous cell carcinomas common?

A

Paints and Appaloosas

Light colored eyes and non-pigmented skin

22
Q

In what other locations can squamous cell carcinoma occur?

A

Prepuce

Vulva

23
Q

How is Squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed?

A

Surgical removal
Laser cryotherapy
Recurrence rates are high

24
Q

What are other adjunctive therapies used to treat squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Chemotherapy (creams & injections)
Radiation therapy
Photodynamic therapy
Cryotherapy

25
Q

What is the causative agent of melanomas?

A

Prolonged exposure to UV rays

26
Q

What are the clinical signs of Melanomas?

A

Benign growth occurs on the tail, anus, preputial area, head of gray horses

27
Q

How are melanomas diagnosed?

A

Clinical signs

28
Q

How are melanomas treated?

A

Surgical removal

Cimetidine

29
Q

What is cellulitis?

A

Infection of the subcutaneous tissues

30
Q

What is cellulits caused by?

A

Small wounds, abrasions where bacteria can enter and track along the SQ tissues

31
Q

What are the clinical signs of Cellulitis?

A

Heat
Swelling
Lameness
Fever

32
Q

What are the clinical signs of severe cellulitis?

A

Non weight bearing lameness

33
Q

What is the treatment of cellulitis?

A

Topical salves
Hydrotherapy
Leg wraps
Antibiotics

Large Animal (40 decks)

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