Common Equine Diseases: Skin/Dermal Diseases Flashcards
What is the causative agent for Rain rot?
Dermatophilus congolensis
What is a bacteria that is commonly misidentified as a fungus?
Dermatophilus congolensis
What are the clinical signs of Rain rot?
Crusty scabs
Matted tufts of hair
Paintbrush appearance
How is Rain Rot diagnosed?
Culture
How is Rain rot treated?
Antimicrobial therapy
Severe cases = systemic antibiotics
Bathing in Povidone or Chlorhexidine
What is the causative agent for Dermatophytosis?
Trichophyton equinum T. verrucosum T. mentagrophytes Microsporum canis Microsporum equinum Microsporum gypseum
What are the clinical signs of Dermatophytosis?
Small, round lesions covered with scales around the girth and neck areas
How is Dermatophytosis diagnosed?
Wood’s lamp
Culture
Histology
How is Dermatophytosis treated?
Povidone-iodine, thiabendazole, sulfur dip, miconazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole, captan
What is the most common agent that causes ringworm in horse?
Trichophyton equinum
What is the causative agent of Cutaneous Papillomas?
Equus Caballus papillomavirus type 1
What are the clinical signs of Cutaneous Papillomas?
Warts
How is Cutaneous Papillomas diagnosed?
Clinical signs
How is cutaneous papillomas treated?
Cryotherapy, topical therapy
Resovles within 3 to 4 months of removal
What is the causative agent of Sarcoids?
Bovine Papilloma virus
What is the most common tumor in horses?
Sarcoids
What are sarcoids?
Fibroblastic, wart-like lesions
Locally invasive
Often recurrent
How are sarcoids dianosed?
Histopathology
What is the treatment for Sarcoids?
Topical Surgery Chemo Direct radiation All with variable success
What is the most common cancer of the horse’s eyes and second most common tumor in horses?
Squamous cell carcinoma
In what breeds of horses are Squamous cell carcinomas common?
Paints and Appaloosas
Light colored eyes and non-pigmented skin
In what other locations can squamous cell carcinoma occur?
Prepuce
Vulva
How is Squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed?
Surgical removal
Laser cryotherapy
Recurrence rates are high
What are other adjunctive therapies used to treat squamous cell carcinoma?
Chemotherapy (creams & injections)
Radiation therapy
Photodynamic therapy
Cryotherapy
What is the causative agent of melanomas?
Prolonged exposure to UV rays
What are the clinical signs of Melanomas?
Benign growth occurs on the tail, anus, preputial area, head of gray horses
How are melanomas diagnosed?
Clinical signs
How are melanomas treated?
Surgical removal
Cimetidine
What is cellulitis?
Infection of the subcutaneous tissues
What is cellulits caused by?
Small wounds, abrasions where bacteria can enter and track along the SQ tissues
What are the clinical signs of Cellulitis?
Heat
Swelling
Lameness
Fever
What are the clinical signs of severe cellulitis?
Non weight bearing lameness
What is the treatment of cellulitis?
Topical salves
Hydrotherapy
Leg wraps
Antibiotics
