Common Equine Diseases: Respiratory Flashcards
What is the causative agent for Strangles?
Streptoccus equi
What are the clinical signs of Strangles?
Sudden pyrexia, mucopurulent nasal discharge, abscessation of the submandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes
How is Strangles diagnosed?
Culture
PCR
Serology
How is Strangles treated?
Antibiotic therapy
Lance and flush
Strangles is also known as what?
Distemper
EIPH stands for what?
Exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage
What are the clinical signs of EIPH?
Epistaxis due to high pulmonary and atrial pressures
How is EIPH diagnosed?
Observation of blood by endoscopy BAL for enumeration of erythrocytes in the BAL fluid
How is EIPH treated?
Rest to allow the pulmonary lesions to heal, furosemide, nasal strips, nitric oxide, bronchodilators, procoagulants, antiinflammatory agents, omega-3 fatty acids
What is the causative agent of Roaring?
Paralysis of the muscles that control vocal cord tension
What are the clinical signs of Roaring?
Whistle or wheeze when respiration is increased
How is Roaring diagnosed?
Clincial signs
How is roaring treated?
Surgery
What is Laryngeal hemiplegia or Roarers caused by?
Paralysis of one or both of the cartilages due to lack of innervation which caused atrophy to the muscle that moves the arytenoid cartilage
What is the most commonly affected side by Roarers?
Left arytenoid cartilage (up to 95%)
What is an exceptionally long nerve and is more susceptible to damage?
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
What is the causative agent of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?
Exposure to air pollutants and is controversial
What are the clinical signs of COPD?
Difficulty breathing
Nasal discharge
Coughing
Lack of Stamina
How is COPD diagnosed?
History and clinical signs
Transtracheal wash
Bronchoalveolar lavage
How is COPD treated?
Management
What is the causative agent for Equine Asthma?
Exposure to high concentration of organic dust
What are the clinical signs of Equine Asthma?
Chronic cough
Mucoid to mucopurulent nasal discharge
How is Equine Asthma diagnosed?
History
Clinical signs
How is Equine asthma treated?
Glucocorticoid
