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Student presentations Flashcards

1
Q

What causes Rhinopneumonoitis?

A

Equine herpesvirus 1

Equine herpesvirus 4

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2
Q

What does Rhinopneumonitis cause?

A

Respiratory conditions
Abortion
Neurologic conditions

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3
Q

Which equine herepesvirus causes abortion storms in mares?

A

EHV-1

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4
Q

What are the clinical signs of stallions that acquire EHV-1?

A

Scrotal edema
Loss of libido
Reduced sperm quality

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5
Q

What are the neurologic signs associated with Rhinopneumonitis?

A 
Ataxia
Fever
Loss of anal tone
Paralysis of tail
Urinary incontinence
Recumbency
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6
Q

Which family of EHV cauces the most serious health risk for equine?

A

1, 3 and 4

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7
Q

Equine herpes virus is difficult to clinically differentiate from what?

A

Equine influenza

Equine viral arteritis

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8
Q

What other species are prone to Equine herpesvirus 1?

A

Llamas

Alpacas

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9
Q

Are there vaccines for Equine herpesvirus?

A

Yes

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10
Q

What is the prognosis for survival of Equine Herpesvirus?

A

50% with the neurologic form

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11
Q

Does the vaccine protect against the neuropathic form of Equine Herpesvirus?

A

No

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12
Q

are there zoonotic concerns for EHV?

A

NO

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13
Q

What is a blood-borne infectious viral disease caused by a lentivirus of the Retroviridae family that is usually spread by vectors?

A

Equine infectious anemia

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of Equine infectious anemia?

A 
Fever
Anorexia
Lethargy
Pale mucous membranes
Petechiae
Thrombocytopenia
Anemia
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15
Q

Why is equine infectious anemia difficult to diagonse?

A

Many infected animals are asymptomatic

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16
Q

What are the differential diagnosis of EIA?

A

Anthrax
Influenza
Equine encephalitis

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17
Q

Does Equine infectious anemia affect other animals?

A

No only members of the equine family

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18
Q

What is the gold standard test to diagnose EIA?

A

Coggin’s test

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19
Q

Is there treatment or vaccine for EIA?

A

No

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20
Q

How quickly can EIA become fatal?

A

2 to 3 weeks

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21
Q

Chronic cases will become lifelong carriers of the disease . Can survivors infect other horses?

A

Yes. They must be segregated from all other horses for the rest of their lives

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22
Q

What biting insects cause EIA?

A

Tabanidae family

Stomoxys calcitrans

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23
Q

What is the distance that should be kept between healthy horses and infected horses?

A

Greater than 200 meteres

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24
Q

What is a highly contagious bacterial infection of the upper airway in horses?

A

Equine strangles

25
Q

What bacteria causes Equine strangles?

A

Streptococcus equi

26
Q

What does strangles cause?

A

Swollen lymph nodes that can block the upper airway

27
Q

How is Strangles spread?

A

Through nasal secretions

28
Q

Can other livestock get strangles?

A

No just the family of equids

29
Q

How is strangles treated?

A

Antibiotic therapy (Penicillin)

30
Q

What is the supportive care of horses with Strangles?

A

Isolate the horse

Apply hot compresses to the abscesses to encourage rupture and drainage

31
Q

Why is antibiotic therapy delayed for treating Strangles?

A

To let the abscesses rupture so not to prolong the disease

Prevent the horses from developing immunity to the infection

32
Q

Where can the bacteria that causes strangles hang out causes chronic carriers?

A

Guttural pouch

33
Q

Is there a vaccine for Strangles?

A

Yes

It is considered a “risk-based” vaccine

34
Q

Is prognosis good for strangles?

A

Yes

Recovery takes 3 to 6 weeks

35
Q

Is strangles zoonotic?

A

Yes

36
Q

What is a condition of the hoof wall where there is a reduction of the blood supply to the lamina?

A

Laminitis

37
Q

When the blood supply is reduced in the lamina what does this cause in the hoof wall?

A

The connection between the hoof wall and coffin bone to break down allowing the coffin bone to begin to sink or rotate

38
Q

Laminitis and Founder are usually used interchangeably, but Founder can usually refer to waht?

A

Chronic laminitis condition

39
Q

Who can get lamnitis?

A

Any animal with hooves

40
Q

Is there a concern with biosecurity or zoonosis with laminitis?

A

No

41
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of acute laminitis?

A 
Lameness
Shifting weight
Reluctance to walk or desire to be recumbent
Heat in the feet
Increased digital pulse
Pain in the toe region
"Sawhorse stance"
Cavitation/depression along the coronary band
Anorexia
42
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of chronic laminitis?

A 
Rings on the hoof wall
Bruised soles
Widened white line
Blood or serum oozing from coronary band
Seromas/Abscesses
Dropped soles/ flat feet
Dished hooves
43
Q

What is the best, easiest way to diagnose laminitis?

A

x-rays

44
Q

What are the differential diagnosis for laminitis?

A

Solar bruising

Abscess

45
Q

What is the treatment for laminitis?

A 
Pain control with NSAIDs
Shoes with proper padding 
No black walnut shavings
Dietary changes
Treating/preventing underlying condition
46
Q

What NSAIDs are used to treat laminitis?

A

Bute

Banamine

47
Q

What is the prognosis of laminitis?

A

Depends on the severity of the case

Can make a full recovery

48
Q

What is porcine epidemic diarrhea virus?

A

Member of the genera Alphacoronavirus in the family coronoavirdae

49
Q

What does Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea cause?

A

Acute diarrhea
Vomiting
Dehydration
High mortality rate in neonatal piglets

50
Q

What are the differential diagnosis for PEDV?

A

Porcine Transmissible Gastroenteritis
Porcine Deltacoronavirus
Bacterial Gastroenteritis
Parasitic Gastroenteritis

51
Q

What species is affected by PEDV?

A

Only swine

52
Q

What is the main route of transmission of PEDV?

A

Fecal-oral route

53
Q

How can PEDV be diagnosed?

A

PCR
ELISA
Immunohistochemistry
Immunofluorescence

54
Q

What are the treatments available for PEDV?

A

There are no effective treatments or vaccines for PEDV

55
Q

What can be done to control PEDV?

A

Keep sanitary and quarantine measures

Good care and provisions of adequate water to combat dehydration

56
Q

What is the prognosis of PEDV in piglets?

A

almost 100%

57
Q

What is the importance of PEDV to the livestock industry?

A

It has led to significant economic losses in Europe and Asia

Killed nearly 10% of pig in US in 2013 and 2014

58
Q

What is important and can significantly reduce the risk of transmission for PEDV?

A

Implementation of an appropriate biosecurity plan

59
Q

Is PEDV zoonotic?

A

NO

Large Animal (40 decks)

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