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C1 Modules > Surface AnatomyIV - Heschl's Gyrus > Flashcards

Surface AnatomyIV - Heschl's Gyrus Flashcards

1
Q

Auditory pathway

A 
Cochlea
Vestibular cochlea nerve
Synapse
Relay station
Brain (Gyrus)
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2
Q

What is the functional importance of Heschl’s Gyrus?

A

Primary auditory area A1 (bilat)

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3
Q

What is Heschl’s Gyrus?

A

Gyri found in the area of primary auditory cortex buried within lateral sulcus of human brain, occupying brodmann area 41 + 42

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4
Q

What are landmark for Heschl’s Gyrus?

A
  1. Angriography
  2. Stereotaxy
  3. MR
  4. Planimetry
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5
Q

What is stereotaxy?

A

any technique that involves the recording and reproduction of three-dimensional haptic information or creating an illusion of depth to the sense of touch within an otherwise-flat surface

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6
Q

Axial Heschl’s Gyrus

A

Course: Anterolateral

Landmark: Adhaesio interthalamica
internal cerebral veins

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7
Q

Where is Heschl’s Gyrus located

A

Superior surface of the temporal lobe

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8
Q

Sagittal Gyrus

A

Shape: Omega (heart)
- S Intermedius of Beck

posterior border:
Heschl’s sulcus

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9
Q

What is Heschl’s Gyrus also known as?

A

Transverse temporal gyrus

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10
Q

Where is Heschl’s Gyrus hidden?

A

Within Slyvian fissure, with the planum temporale and superior temporal gyrus located lateral to it

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11
Q

Where is planum temporale larger?

A

Language dominant side

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12
Q

What is planum temporale?

A
  1. cortical area just posterior to the auditory cortex within sylvian fissure
  2. Triangular region which forms the heart of Wernicke’s area
  3. Most asymmetric region in the brain
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13
Q

Medial

A

Heschl’s Gyrus is seen at the back

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14
Q

Lateral

A

Heschl’s Gyrus moves anteriorly

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15
Q

Coronal Heschl’s Gyrus

A

Shape:
omega (medial)

Landmark: Tent-like shape of the fornices

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16
Q

What is the primary auditory cortex?

A

Cytoarchitectionic division of the cerebral cortex occupying the anterior transverse temporal gyrus in the back of lateral sulcus on dorsal surface of temporal lobe

17
Q

Primary auditory cortex

A

First cortical destination of auditory information stemming from the thalamus

Neural activity in this brain . part correspond most strongly with the objective physical properties of a sound

18
Q

What is Te1?

A

Primary hearing is located

19
Q

What represents the primary auditory cortex?

A

Te1.1, Te1.0 and Te1.2 can be identified along the mediolateral axis of Heschl’s Gyrus

20
Q

What is the direction of Heschl’s Gyrus ?

A

Postero-medial to antero-lateral

21
Q

Where is the primary visual cortex located?

A

Calcarine sulcus

22
Q

What is the area between calcarine sulcus and anterior calcarine sulcus?

A

Cuneus

23
Q

What is the subdivision of calcarine sulcus?

A

Superior border = cuneus

Inferior border = lingual gyrus

24
Q

What makes up the primary visual area?

A
  1. Cuneus

2. Lingual Gyrus

25
Q

What is the parieto-occipital configuration of primary visual cortex?

A

Lazy Y

26
Q

What is the calcarine sulcus pattern?

A

single peak or could be straight like a plateu

Double peak
S-shaped
Triple peaks

Variable

27
Q

Where is myelination different?

A

Cortex bordering the calcarine sulcus

Different layering = different myelination

28
Q

How much does the visual cortex encompass?

A

20% of the human brain

29
Q

What does the visual cortex include?

A

Entire occipital lobe

Extending significantly into the parietal and temporal lobes

30
Q

How many visual areas are there now?

A

8 visual areas

V1 to V8

31
Q

How are each of these visual areas identified?

A

Based on evidence that suggests they contain a preserved representation of visual space which we refer as a cortical visual field map

32
Q

Where is V4 located?

A

Fusiform gyrus

33
Q

What do primary visual cortex (V1) contain?

A

Visual stria of Genari (striate cortex)

Extrastriate visual cortex (V2-V5)

34
Q

Why is it not sufficient to use anatomical landmark to define visual regions?

A

Over or under estimate the size of V1 in a number of subjects

35
Q

Beyond V1-V3

A

field maps are generally referred to as being dorsal, lateral or ventral to these regions.
It should be noted that due to an increase in receptive field sizes of neurons within these higher regions, the precision with which we can map the visual field using the travelling wave method becomes limited

36
Q

V4

A

hV4/VO1 boundary in posterior transverse collateral sulcus (ptCoS)
Predicts location anatomically with >85% accuracy

37
Q

V5

A

Visual area that identifies movement

Most of V5 in the depth of
Ant occipital sulcus
Anterior parts of inf lateral occipital or inf occipital sulcus.

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