surface anatomy 3 - Broca's Area

Question 1

What does operculum cover?

Answer 1

Insula

Question 2

What is Broca’s speech area?

Answer 2

Larger in volume than its homologue in the right hemisphere

Question 3

what are the 2 evidence for broca speech area being larger in volume?

Answer 3

1. Cytoarchitectonic analysis of area 44 and area 45 in 10 human brains
2. Post-mortem study of the Inferior frontal gyrus in 12 human brains

Question 4

What is the basis of hemispheric dominance for language?

Answer 4

Structural asymmetry

Question 5

What was Broca’s description of neuroanatomical correlate of language expression based on?

Answer 5

Visual assessment of external convexity of the brain

Question 6

What was the famous model of Broca?

Answer 6

1. Left cerebral hemisphere dominant for language

2. Posterior regions of left third frontal convolution for expression of language

Question 7

What become known as the Broca’s area

Answer 7

Circumscribed region on posterior left third frontal convolution

Question 8

What are the various macroscopic definitions of Broca’s area from anterior to posterior?

Answer 8

(A) traditional Pars opercularis, bound caudally by the ipcs and rostrally by the anterior ascending ramus of the Sylvian fissure

(B) traditional Pars opercularis (ipcs-ar) and Pars triangularis (ar-hr) measured in unison

(C) Entire inferior frontal gyrus, bound caudally by the ipcs and rostro-ventrally by the los, which has been measured in total with subsequent separation into the Pars opercularis (ipcs-ar), Pars triangularis (ar-hr), pars orbitalis (hr-los), triangularis caudalis (ar-ts) and triangularis rostralis (ts-hr)

(D) Pars opercularis extending caudally into the precentral gyrus by using the ass as the posterior border

(E-F): ar-hr and pars opercularis and posterior half of ipcs-ts measured in unison

Question 9

What did Amunts et al do?

Answer 9

Work on cytoarchitectonic field = modern computing method

Question 10

What is the cytoarchitectonic field?

Answer 10

Where language is presented

Question 11

Areas causing Broca’s Aphasia

Answer 11

Male who had severe disturbance in spoken language

patient referred to as Tan developped unilateral paralysis of lower right extremity

Question 12

What is Motor Phasia not only caused by?

Answer 12

Lesion in inferior frontal gyrus but different areas can produce motor phasia

Question 13

What are the features of Broca’s area?

Answer 13

1. Defined anatomically PO
2. Variable cytoarchitectonic field
3. Poor relationship with Broca’s aphasia

Question 14

What are the recognition system for Broca’s area?

Answer 14

Axial

Sagittal

Question 15

What are examples of axial recognition system?

Answer 15

1. Knob
2. SFS-PreCS opposite to knob
3. Pars Bracket
4. PreCG > PoCG

Question 16

What are example of Sagittal recognition system?

Answer 16

1. Ant Asc-Horiz Ramus
2. Hook
3. Pars Bracket

Question 17

What is PACS?

Answer 17

Picture archiving communication system

Question 18

What comes below the sylvian fissure?

Answer 18

Superior temporal gyrus

Question 19

What tissue connects the precentral with postcentral gyrus inferiorly?

Answer 19

Subcentral Gyrus