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C1 Modules > surface anatomy 1 - subdivisions > Flashcards

surface anatomy 1 - subdivisions Flashcards

1
Q

What did Brodmann establish?

A

There is unity between an area which has a similar cytoarchitecture structure and function

These areas did not border with gyri and sulci

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2
Q

How many brains did Brodmann use?

A

1 brain or half a brain

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3
Q

What happened in the late 1960?

A

Scientist looking into language

Certain area of the brain is larger on language non-dominance side

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4
Q

What are the subdivisions of the cortex?

A
  1. Surface
  2. Lobes
  3. Gyri and Sulci
  4. Cytoarchitectonic
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5
Q

What does the surface of the cortex consist of?

A
  1. Medial
  2. Lateral (convexity)
  3. Inferior (Basal)
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6
Q

what is pneumoencephalography?

A

a radiographic technique (now largely superseded) for examining the brain. It involved displacing the cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain by air or oxygen, which served as a contrast medium.

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7
Q

What was the consequence of pneumoencephalography?

A

Patients entire body would be rotated into different positions to allow air to displace CSF in different areas of ventricular system and around the brain

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8
Q

1970-1974

A

See the brain:CT-inside brain

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9
Q

1980

A

MRI

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10
Q

What are the current concepts of lobes?

A
  1. Frontal Lobe
  2. Parietal Lobe
  3. Temporal Lobe
  4. Occipital Lobe
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11
Q

Who described the Insula and called it a lobe?

A

Anatomist Rile in 1809

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12
Q

Who described the Limbic Lobe?

A

Broca

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13
Q

Who described the Central Lobe?

A

G. Yasargil

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14
Q

What is the historical evolution of 3 centuries for the lobe?

A

1664 - 2 lobes - T. Willis
1822 - 5 lobes - C. Burdach
1878 - 6 lobes - P. Broca
1994 - 7 lobes - G. Yasargil

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15
Q

Define Lobe

A

Subdivision of group of structures in the brain

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16
Q

What are the historical evolution of boundaries for lobes?

A
  1. Defined by bony structures
    - T. Willis, C-Burdach, Varoli
  2. Defined by cortical structures
    - A. Pansch, P.Broca, J.Jensen
17
Q

What is the role of central sulcus?

A

Separates the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe and the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex.

18
Q

What is the role of sylvian fissure?

A

a large diagonal fissure on the lateral surface of the brain which separates off the temporal lobe from frontal lobe

19
Q

What is seen on the occipital lobe?

A

Artificial line on the complexity, connecting 2 points: Central sulcus and pre-occipital notch

20
Q

What is the role of the pre-occipital notch?

A

marks the boundary between the parietal lobe and the occipital lobe in the human

21
Q

Lateral surface: Frontal Lobe

A

3+1
3 Longitudinal Gyri + 1 Transverse Gyri
F1+F2+F3

Transverse G: Precentral G

22
Q

What are the 2 sulci that the frontal lobe is separated by?

A
  1. Superior Frontal Sulcus

2. Inferior Frontal Sulcus

23
Q

Lateral surface: Temporal Lobe

A

3+1
T1 + T2 + T3
Transverse G: Heschl’s Gyrus
No middle temporal sulcus

24
Q

Lateral Surface: Occipital Lobe

A

3
No Transverse
O1 + O2 + O3

25
Q

Lateral Surface: Parietal Lobe

A

Postcentral G and 2 lobule

26
Q

What are the 2 lobule of Parietal Lobe?

A
  1. Superior Parietal Lobule

2. Inferior Parietal Lobule

27
Q

What are the 2 gyri that inferior parietal lobule consists of?

A
  1. Supramarginal G

2. Angular Gyrus

28
Q

Supramarginal Gyrus

A

Sits like a horse shoe on sylvian fissure

29
Q

Angular Gyrus

A

Sits on Temporal sulcus

30
Q

What is P2?

A

Deep Sulcus

between 2 parietal lobule –> Intra parietal sulcus

31
Q

What lobes does the medial surface consist of?

A
  1. Frontal Lobe
  2. Parietal Lobe
  3. Occipital Lobe
  4. Limbic Lobe
32
Q

Medial Surface: Frontal Lobe

A
  1. Gyrus Rectus
  2. Superior Frontal Gyrus
  3. Paracentral Lobule (ant)
33
Q

Medial Surface: Parietal Lobe

A
  1. Paracentral lobule (post)

2. Precuneus

34
Q

Medial Surface: Occipital Lobe

A
  1. Cuneus

2. Lingual Gyrus

35
Q

Medial surface: Limbic Lobe

A
  1. Limbic Gyrus

2. Intralimbic Gyrus

36
Q

Inferior Surface: Frontal Lobe

A
  1. Gyrus Rectus

2. Orbital Gyri

37
Q

Orbital Gyrus

A

here are four gyri and they are divided by the H-shaped orbital sulci

38
Q

Inferior Surface: Temporal/occipital lobes

A
  1. Inferior temporal/occipital gyrus (T3/O3)
  2. Fusiform gyrus (T4/O4)
    (lateral occipito-temporal)\
  3. Parahippocampal/Lingual gyrus (T5/O5)
    (Medial occipito-temporal)
39
Q

Subdivisions of the cerebrum

A

purely arbitrary and do not correspond
exactly to any known functional
divisions

C1 Modules (20 decks)

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