sunya datasheet - Sheet1 Flashcards
1
Q
Gender Wage Gap - Global Gap
A
Globally Women paid 20% less (WEF), Women only make 77 cents for every dollar earned by men (UN Women Worldwide)
2
Q
Gender Wage Gap - Global Gender Gap Report (India)
A
India in 2021 ranked 140th among 156 nations
3
Q
Gender Wage Gap - India’s Gender Gap
A
Women paid 34% less than men (WEF), Income of women in India is only one-fifth of men (ADP institute, 2021), Women collectively lost Rs 59.11 lakh crore in earnings in 2020 (OXFAM)
4
Q
Wage Differentials - Wage Categories
A
Women consist of 60% of the lowest wage category, Women consist of only 15% of top wage earners
5
Q
Women at Workplace - Ranking (Women Participation Rate)
A
84th out of 87 countries (2012)
6
Q
Women at Workplace - Sector-wise breakdown
A
Agriculture (Oxfam Report)
e 80% of all economically active women
* 33% Agrilabour
* 48% self-employed farmers
e 20% in the secondary sector
e 18% in services
More than 95% of India’s working women are
informal workers (ILO)
7
Q
Women at Workplace - Informal Workers
A
More than 95% of India’s working women are informal workers (ILO)
8
Q
Female Labour Force Participation Rate (F-LFPR) - Trend
A
Falling steeply in the last 2 decades — from about 30.5% in 2000 to 21.1% in 2019 (pre-pandemic) and 18.6% in 2020 (post-pandemic) (ILO)
9
Q
Female Labour Force Participation Rate (F-LFPR) - World Average
A
49%(F); 75%(M)
10
Q
Female Labour Force Participation Rate (F-LFPR) - India Ranking
A
India ranks 121 out of 131 countries on female LFPR (ILO)
11
Q
Earnings - Monthly Earnings in India
A
According to IMF, In India, 82% of males and 92% of females earn less than Rs 10000 per month (As per the State of Working India report)
12
Q
Crimes against Women - Increase in Crime rates
A
30% increase in 2021 (National Commission for Women data), 8.3% decrease in 2020 (NCRB Data)
13
Q
Crimes against Women - Domestic Violence
A
NFHS-5, Karnataka ranks no.1, 32% of ever-married Indian women experienced spousal physical, sexual, or emotional violence (Nearly 1/3rd), Only 14% brought the issue up, UN raised concern about increased cases and named it as ‘Hidden Pandemic’
14
Q
Crimes against Women - Rape
A
Rape is the 4th most common crime against women in India, India recorded an average of 77 rape cases daily in 2020 (NCRB)
15
Q
Crimes against Women - Missing Women (UNFPA State of World Population report)
A
World- Doubled from 61 million in 1970 to 142.6 millions in 2020, India- 45.8 million
16
Q
Credit
A
Credit penetration to women is 12% in 2021, 79% of women-run enterprises are self-financed, Only 4.4% borrowed money from a financial institution or received assistance from the government, Women run about 8 million MSMEs, 97.5% of women enterprises are in the micro sectors, Women entrepreneurs account for 20% of all MSMEs (NSSO data), 67 million Indian women are members of six million SHGs (World Bank)
17
Q
Politics women
A
Represent 10.5% of the total members of the Parliament (ECI data), In last 75 years, women’s representation in Lok Sabha has not even increased by 10%, 17th Lok sabha has 78 women MPs (highest in history of Lok Sabha), 14% in Lok Sabha (4.4% in 1952), India is still worse than 140 countries in the representation of women in Parliament, World Average: 24.6% representation, Global proportion of women parliamentarians
18
Q
Contribution to GDP
A
18% (World Bank Data 2020), McKinsey Global Institute- India could add $770 billion to its GDP by 2025 by offering equal opportunities to women
19
Q
Economic Discrimination
A
2.4 bn women globally do not have same economic rights as men (World Bank), Unpaid work: 66%, Wage Gap: 34%, Women composition at board member level:11%, Board Level : Only 11% of women present at board level in companies, Agri Census 2015-16: 13.87% women have land ownership
20
Q
Women as Entrepreneurs
A
Not more than 14% of business establishments in India are run by female entrepreneurs (NSSO), Google-Bain report estimated that women owned 13.5-15.7 million or 20% of all enterprises, Percentage in Agriculture sector: 34%, Women as Startup founders: 9% (NASSCOM)
21
Q
Women and Education
A
UNICEF Data, Worldwide, 129 million girls are out of school, Only 49% of countries have achieved gender parity in primary education, At the secondary level, the gap widens: 42% of countries have achieved gender parity in lower secondary education, and 24% in upper secondary education, We have closed 3rd Education Gap recently, Literacy rate among women is 65.46% (2011 census)
22
Q
Population - Composition
A
0-14 years: 26.31%, 15-24 years: 17.51%, 25-54 years: 41.56%, 55-64 years: 7.91%, 65 years and over: 6.72% (2011 Census)
23
Q
Population - Rural-Urban Population
A
Urban: 31.16%, Rural: 68.84% (2011 Census)
24
Q
Population - Median Age
A
Total: 28.1 years, Male: 27.5 years, Female: 28.9 years (2011 Census)
25
Population - Population Growth Rate
1.1% (2020 est.)
26
Population - Migration
India has 450 million internal migrants (2011 census), Number of migrant blue-collar workers who have moved inter-state is around 150 million
27
Population - Literacy Rate
The literacy rate in the country is 74.04 per cent, 82.14 for males and 65.46 for females (2011 Census), Literacy rate of males (84.7%) is higher than that of females (70.3%) in India (NSO), Kerala (96.2%), Delhi (88.7%) and Andhra Pradesh (66.4%) [NSO Survey], Male literacy rate is higher than the female literacy rate among all states
28
Population - Sex Ratio
Overall: 943, Child Sex Ratio: 918 (Census data)
29
Population - Fertility
TFR was 2 in 2019-2021, just below the replacement fertility rate of 2.1, In rural areas, the TFR is still 2.1, In urban areas, TFR had gone below the replacement fertility rate in the 2015-16 NFHS itself, Out of 17 states surveyed except Bihar, Manipur and Meghalaya have a TFR of 2.1 or less (NFHS 5)
30
Population - Religious Composition
Hinduism: 79.8%, Islam: 14.2%, Christianity: 2.3%, Sikhism: 1.72%, Buddhism: 0.7%, Jainism: 0.37% (2011 Census)
31
Population - Life Expectancy at birth
69 years (World Average - 72.81 years), 70.7(F), 68.2(M), CoVID-19 Impact: Life expectancy in India dropped by two years, life expectancy at birth in 2019 was 69.5 years for men and 72 years for women, which came down to 67.5 years and 69.8 years, respectively, in 2020
32
Population - Diaspora
India has the largest diaspora population in the world with 18 million people from the country living outside their homeland in 2020 (UN report), UAE, the US and Saudi Arabia host the largest number of migrants from India, India received $87 billion in remittances in 2021 (World Bank)
33
Urbanisation - World
Current: 55% of the world’s population lives in urban areas, Projection: Expected to increase to 68% by 2050
34
Urbanisation - India
Current: 31.16% (2011 Census), Projected: By 2036, 38.6 percent of Indians will live in urban areas (National Commission for Population)
35
Urbanisation Status - Highest
UTs: Delhi, Chandigarh (97.5%), All States: Goa (61.1%), Major States: Tamil Nadu (48.4%) (Ministry Of Housing and Urban Affairs Data 2021)
36
Urbanisation Status - Lowest
Himachal Pradesh (10%) (Ministry Of Housing and Urban Affairs Data 2021)
37
Slums - Prevalence
They are found in 65% of towns in India (Registrar General of India 2011), Census 2011: 5.41% population, 17% of the world
38
Homeless
1.77 Million (Census 2011)
39
Slum and Informal settlements dwellers
6.5 crore people (World Bank Group)
40
Old People
According to the Population Census 2011, there are nearly 104 million elderly persons in India. It has increased from 5.5% in 1951 to 8.6% in 2011. Projected a rise up to 19% in 2050. The sex ratio of the elderly has increased from 938 women to 1,000 men in 1971 to 1,033 in 2011 (Feminisation of Ageing).
41
Disabled
As per Census 2011, in India, out of the total population of 121 crore, about 2.68 crore persons are ‘Disabled’ (2.21% of the total population). Out of 2.68 crore, 1.5 crore are males and 1.18 crore are females. Majority (69%) of the disabled population resided in rural areas. Right of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016 increased the quantum of reservation for people suffering from disabilities from 3% to 4% in government jobs and from 3% to 5% in higher education institutes.
42
Transgenders
In India, the total population of transgender is around 4.88 Lakh as per the 2011 census.
43
SC
As per the Census 2011, the total population of the Scheduled Castes constitute 16.6% of the total population. Literacy rate: 66% (73% - India), Female LR: 56.5% (64.6% - India), Male LR: 75.2% (80.9% - India).
44
ST
As per the Census 2011, the total population of the Scheduled Tribes constitute 8.6% of the total population. Literacy rate: 59% (73% - India), Female LR: 50% (64.6% - India), Male LR: 68.5% (80.9% - India). The poverty level was highest among ST (50.6%), followed by SC (33.3%), and OBC (27.2%) [Global Multidimensional Poverty Index].
45
Child
Missing Children: On average, a child goes missing every 10 minutes in India (Ministry of Women and Child Development). Child Labour: There are 33 million child labourers between the ages of 5-18 years in India (Census 2011). Crimes Against Children: India recorded over 350 crimes against children each day in 2020 (NCRB). POCSO Cases: Over 2.26 Lakh POCSO Cases Pending in Fast-Track Courts, From 3,039 in 2020, the number of cases rose to 3,568 in 2021. Out of School Children: 43% Dropping out before completing upper primary (CAG report). Trafficking: Child Beggars: There are an estimated 300,000 child beggars in India, Gang: Every year, 44,000 children fall into the clutches of gangs, Prostitutes: Children make up roughly 40% of prostitutes.
46
% of GDP
Govt health expenditure share in GDP increased from 1.15% to 1.35% in 2021 (National Health accounts estimates), US-16.9%, World Average: 6%, National Health Policy, 2017: Increase public health expenditure to 2.5% of the GDP.
47
Deaths
61% due to Non-Communicable diseases (Lancet Global Burden of Disease Study in 2016), Cardiovascular diseases account for 24.8% of deaths in India, followed by respiratory diseases which cause 10.2% of deaths, while malignant and other tumours account for 9.4% of deaths.
48
Doctor Availability
11% doctors working in public sector, Private sector accounts for 70% of Health care services in India (Central Bureau of Health Intelligence Data).
49
Ayushman Bharat Coverage
40% of Population.
50
Mission Indradhanush
43.6 lakh children, 11 lakh pregnant women vaccinated.
51
Doctor-Population Ratio
India: 0.74:1000, Qatar (Highest): 7.7:1000, Cuba at 6.7:1000, Spain at 4.9:1000, Switzerland at 4.0:1000, China at 1.5:1000, WHO norm: 1:1000.
52
Nurse-Population Ratio
1.96/1000 (2022), WHO Norm: 1:400.
53
Out-of-pocket Health Expenditure
67% of all health expenditure was out of pocket, Per capita out-of-pocket health expenditure declined from ₹2,336 to ₹2,097 (National Health Accounts estimates 2017-18; released in 2021), OOPHE push over 55 million people in India into poverty, Economic Survey: Share of out-of-pocket expenditure in the total health expenditure in India will decline from 65% to 30% if there is an increase in government spending on health to 2.5-3% of GDP.
54
Expenditure
51% spent on curative health care, 6% spent on preventive healthcare.
55
Disease Burden
34% of the world’s TB burden, 26% of the world’s premature mortality, 27% of the world’s neonatal deaths, 21% of the world’s child deaths (WHO Reports).
56
Active Pharmaceuticals Ingredients
India imports 70% of its API requirements from China (December 2021).
57
Patient-Bed Ratio Per 1000 (India)
0.5 public hospital beds per 1,000 population and mere 1.4 beds, including public and private hospital beds per 1,000 persons. Delhi has 2.71 hospital beds per 1,000. District hospitals have avg 24 beds per 1 lakh people (NITI AAYOG report). According to WHO standards, a minimum of 3 beds per 1000 is required.
58
Medical Equipment
70-80% Imported.
59
Maternal Mortality Rate
It has declined from 113 in 2016-18 to 103 in 2017-19 (8.8% decline) [Registrar General]. India is all set to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) target of MMR of 70 maternal deaths per lakh live births by 2030.
60
Urban-rural divide
Rural Areas have only 70% population, 21% og hospitals
61
Birth attended by Skilled Professionals
81% (2015-16) (World Bank Development Indicators), NFHS 5: Institutional delivery is over 90% in 14 out of the total 22 States and UTs.
62
Insurance Penetration
Increased from 3.76% in 2019-20 to 4.20% in 2020-21 (IRDA annual Report).
63
National Health Policy 2017 Aims/Targets
Life Expectancy: 70, IMR: 28, Under 5 Mortality Rate: 23, Elimination of Kala Azhar, Filariasis, Leprosy.
64
Nutrition
Proportion of Anaemic: The incidence of anaemia in under-5 children (from 58.6 to 67%), women (53.1 to 57%) and men (22.7 to 25%) has worsened in all States. [NFHS-5].
65
Obesity
Overweight children- 3.4% [NFHS-5], Overweight women - 24% [NFHS-5], Overweight men- 22.9% [NFHS-5], India: 3rd most Obese country.
66
World Rankings NUTRITION
Global Hunger Index Rank 2021: 101/116, Global Nutrition Report: 1% in the number of stunted and wasted children. [Note: At current rate of progress, global nutrition targets will not be achieved by 2025 globally and in most countries worldwide- Global nutrition report].
67
Open Defecation
Access to Toilets in households: 19.4% of Indian households - urban and rural - do not use any toilet facility. [NFHS], Access to a toilet facility is lowest in Bihar (61.2% of households) followed by Jharkhand (69.6%).
68
Open Defecating
Nearly one in five households practise open defecation: NFHS-5 Data, WHO Report: 48% of Indians still openly defecating.
69
Literacy Rates
Male - 82%, Female - 65%, Total - 74%, *Literacy Gap reduced from 21% in 2001 to 17% in 2011
70
Gross Enrollment Ratio (UDISE+ 2019-20)
Upper Primary - 89.7%, Elementary - 97.8%, Secondary - 77.9%, Higher Secondary - 51.4%
71
Annual School Dropout Rates (MHRD 2018)
Primary - 4%, Secondary - 17%, Total - 17%, Male - 43%, Female - 3.8% to 16.8%
72
Pupil-Teacher Ratio (UDISE+ 2019-20)
Primary - 26.5, Upper primary and secondary - 18.5, Higher secondary - 26.1
73
Expenditure on Education
India spent 14.1% of its budget on education, compared to 5% in Vietnam and 20.6% in Indonesia (World Bank study)
74
Investment on R&D (Eco Survey 2021)
0.65% of GDP (0.8% in 2008-09)
75
ASER Report 2021 Enrollment
Shift from private to government schools: 70.3% in 2021, Fall in private school enrollment from 28.8% in 2020 to 24.4% in 2021
76
Infrastructure
Girls Toilet - 66% of Schools, Playground - 80% of Schools
77
Right to Education Compliance
Only 8% of schools comply with RTE act
78
Reservation
Only 15% of reserved seats filled (Out of 25% allotment), Delhi - less than 1% filled due to lack of proof of residence
79
Higher Education
World’s 2nd Largest - Enrollment 27.1% in 2019-20, World Average: 33%
80
QS World Rankings 2021
3 Indian Institutions in top 200
81
Accredited Universities (NAAC Ratings)
68% of Universities: Average, 91% of Colleges: Average
82
Funding on Higher Education
1.4% of GDP
83
R&D Patents
India filed 66,440 patents (2021-22)
84
Startup Ecosystem
3rd largest in world, 69,000+ DPIIT-recognized startups, 90% fail within first 5 years (IBM institute)
85
% of GDP spent on R&D
India - 0.65%, Japan - 3.5%, US - 2.8% (NITI AAYOG)
86
Public Schools
65% of students enrolled
87
World University Rankings (2023)
IISc ranked 155 globally, IITs Guwahati - 37th, IITs Roorkee - 47th, Univ. of Madras - 48th in top 50 research institutions
88
SKilling
The proportion of formally skilled workers in India is extremely low, at 4.69% of total workforce, compared to 24% in China, 52% in the US, 68% in the UK, 75% in Germany, 80% in Japan and 96% in South Korea.
89
NCERT
According to NCERT, 85% of child cumulative brain development occurs before 6 years of age
90
% of schools with girls Toilets
66% (2018), 48% (2010)
91
Playground
8 out of 10 schools have a playground either within or nearby
92
DATA skill india skill report
By 2030, 1/3 of the World’s working population will be from India, India Skills Report - only 45.9% graduates are employable, In last 10 years, share of private sector has increased from 3.4% (2009) to 34% (2018), GER in HEISs is just 27.1% with only 6% rural areas students
93
Human Resources - Youth & Skills
Median Age of Indian Population: 28 years (China: 42 Years), 27.5% of Total Population (Ages 15-29), 20% of Global Youth Population, Labour Force Participation Rate (youth): Male LFPR 67.4%, Female LFPR 9.4% [CMIE Data, 2021], Under 35 Population: 65%, Unemployment Rate: 7.9% [CMIE Data, December 2021], Less than half of Indian graduates are employable [India Skills Report], Global Youth Development Index: India ranks 122/181, Juvenile Delinquency: 29,768 cases registered in 2020 (NCRB Data)
94
Skill Development
Skilling Capacity: Present - 7 Million/year, Required - 12 Million/year, Skilled Workforce: 5.4% of Total Workplace, Japan: 80%, UK: 68%, Future Requirement of Human Resources (Workers): 103 Million during 2017-2022 (Government sources), Industry Participation: 16% Firms carry own skilling initiatives
95
Placements at Higher Educational Institutes
3 lakh out of 30 lakh receive placements
96
Employable Skilled Youth
47%
97
Vocational Training
3% of Secondary School Students
98
Internet users
70% of internet users are the youth
99
Poverty & Hunger
World Bank Paper on India’s Poverty: Extreme poverty 12.3% points lower in 2019 compared with 2011, 21.9% of population below national poverty line in 2011 (Tendulkar Report), COVID-19 recession increased India
100
Multidimensional Poverty Index(MPI)
MPI halved in India from 55% to 28% between 2005-15, most people under MPI in India, MPI doubled among Tribals
101
Geographical distribution
80% of poor in rural areas
102
Global Hunger Index (2021)
Rank 101/116
103
Child Stunting & Wasting
India has highest child wasting rate at 17.3% (GHI), Child stunting decreased from 54.2% (1998-1999) to 34.7% (2016-2018) (GHI)
104
Undernourished
189.2 million people undernourished in India, largest undernourished population in the world (GHI)
105
National Family Health Survey
Children
106
Centre-State Relations
15th Finance Commission: 41% of divisible pool to states, Borrowing Limits: 5% of State GDP
107
Local Governments
Total Panchayati Raj Institutions: 2,60,512 (Jan. 2019), Elected Representatives: 31 lakhs, Elected Women Representatives: 14 lakhs, Fund Utilisation of PRI: 78% (2015-2019), Total Urban Local Bodies: 3700 ULBs, 100 Corporations, 1500 Municipal Corporations, 2100 Nagar Panchayats, 56 Cantonment Board, ULB Funding: Own sources of revenue 43% (2017-18)
108
Parliament & State Legislature
Question Hour: Functioned 95% in Lok Sabha, 65% in Rajya Sabha, Bills Referred to Committees: 11% in 17th Lok Sabha, Committee Attendance: 50% since 2014-15
109
Elections
Voter Turnout: 67.4% in 17th Lok Sabha Elections (highest ever), Election Funding: 75% electoral bonds to ruling party (Rs. 3400 Crores), Election Spending: Rs. 55,000 - Rs. 60,000 crores in 2019 elections, Unrecognised Political Parties: 97.5% of all registered parties (2x increase in a decade), Criminalisation of Politics: 4,984 criminal cases pending involving legislators (as of Dec 2021), 29% of MPs face serious charges
110
North-East
General: 2% of GDP, 4% of population, 8% of total land area, Hydropower Potential: 40% of India’s Total Potential, Utilised Potential: 2.1% of Potential, Total Forest Cover: 65.3% of Area, Per Capita Income (North-East states): Rs. 1,32,625 (2020)
111
Pending cases
Supreme Court: 70,154, Total: 4.70 Crore
112
Vacancy
Supreme Court: 1 judge vacancy out of 34, High Courts: 37% vacancy (406 out of 1,098 posts)
113
Women In Judiciary
High Courts: 11.5% women judges, Supreme Court: 4 out of 33 judges are women, Lower Judiciary: 27%, Advocates: 15% women
114
Ease of Doing Business
63rd position (from 142nd in 2014)
115
Police Personnel
137 per 100,000 population (UN recommends 222)
116
Women in Police
10.30% in total police force, 2.98% in Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF)
117
Conviction Rate
47% due to poor investigation quality (Law Commission 2012)
118
Prison Occupancy Rate
118.5% (NCRB Data)
119
Undertrials
67% of all prisoners (NCRB Data)
120
Btal Inmates
4,78,600 (NCRB Data)
121
Police-Population Ratio
India: 195.39 per lakh population, Best: Nagaland, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Manipur, Worst: Bihar, Daman & Diu, West Bengal
122
RTI Applications
4,800 per day, 1.75 crore since 2005
123
Case Pendency RTI
More than 2.2 lakh cases pending at Central and State Information Commissions
124
Rejection Rate
4.3% (8.4% in 2014-15)
125
E-Governance
Digital Divide: Only 28% rural women have internet access
126
E-Courts
High Courts Disposed Cases: 32.71 Million, District Courts Disposed Cases: 42.88 Million
127
Area under Forest (ISFR 2021)
Total forest and tree cover of the country is 80.9 million hectare (24.62% of the geographical area of the country). As compared to the assessment of 2019, there is an increase of 2,261 sq km in the total forest and tree cover of the country.
128
Area under Forest (ISFR 2021)
Top 3 states showing increase in forest cover: Andhra Pradesh > Telangana > Odisha [Northeast reported the biggest losses in forest cover].
129
Area under Forest (ISFR 2021)
Area-wise Largest Forest Cover: Madhya Pradesh > Arunachal Pradesh > Chhattisgarh > Odisha > Maharashtra.
130
Area under Forest (ISFR 2021)
Forest cover as percentage of total geographical area: Mizoram > Arunachal Pradesh > Meghalaya. The present assessment reveals that states/UT’s have above 33% of the geographical area under forest cover.
131
Demand for Wood met by forests
6.4%.
132
Public Delivery of Services
92% Satisfied with Aadhar. 95% of adults and 75% of children have aadhar. 80% of beneficiaries feel Aadhaar has made PDS rations, social pensions more reliable. Failure: 1.5% of PDS users experienced a biometric authentication failure. 1% of MGNREGA job card holders did not get work the last time they tried. 33,358 crore in MGNREGA wages not paid.
133
Dispute resolution (Property)
Average 20 years taken to resolve a property dispute. (Ministry of Finance data)
134
Forest Rights Act
FRA has the potential to secure the forest rights of at least 200 million tribals. Only 13 percent of the 40 million ha has been demarcated under the FRA by the environment ministry.
135
Voluntary Organisations
India has 31 lakh NGOs. 1 NGO for 400 people as against 1 policeman for 709 people (CBI Data). FCRA Registrations: There are 21490 FCRA registered NGOs in 2018-19, 24817 in 2011-12. Self Help Groups: 6 million. Women SHG: 67 Million women members.
136
Local Reservation
Haryana & Andhra Pradesh enacted for 75% of local reservation based on domicile. Karnataka (100%), Maharashtra (80%) and Madhya Pradesh (70%) proposed similar moves.
137
Job Aspirants
2.5 crore aspirants for 1.25 lakh government jobs advertised.
138
Sedition
Nature of Cases: 96% of sedition cases filed against 405 Indians for criticising politicians and governments over the last decade were registered after 2014. A total of 326 cases were registered between 2014 and 2019 in which just six persons were convicted. Conviction rate: 33.3% in 2020; 3.3% in 2019; 15.4% in 2018; 16.7% in 2017; 33% in 2016. Rate of Increase: 165% increase in cases since 2016 (NCRB).
139
Law Abolition
In last 4 years, 1400 laws have been abolished and streamlined.
140
United States Bilateral trade
USD 119.42 billion (2021-22)
141
United States Exports
$76.11 billion in 2021-22
142
United States Trade Surplus
$32.8 billion (2021-22)
143
United States Services Exporter Rank
6th largest for USA
144
United States Crude Oil Supplier
USA has become largest Crude oil Supplier for India in 2021
145
United States FDI
$13.8 billion (2020-21), 2nd largest source of FDI equity inflows into India
146
United States Strategic Trade Authorization (STA) status
Exempts specific licences on Indian exports
147
United States Defence Acquisition
$3.4 billion in 2020
148
China Bilateral Trade
India’s two-way commerce with China aggregated at USD 115.42 billion (2021-22)
149
China Trade Deficit
$77 billion (2021-22)
150
China Exports
$21.25 billion in 2021-22
151
China Imports
$94.16 billion in 2021-22
152
China Top Exports to China
Iron ore, refined petroleum, cyclic hydrocarbons and organic chemicals
153
China Top Imports from China
Electrical machinery (24.8% of total imports), telecom instruments, mineral fuels including oil, fertilizers, organic chemicals, computer hardware
154
China Bilateral Economic Presence
105 registered Chinese Companies in India; 92 active as of March 2021
155
European Union Bilateral Trade
$103.4 billion (first ten months of FY2022)
156
European Union Trade Relations
Second-largest destination for Indian exports after the United States; India
157
European Union FDI
€67.7 billion investments made in 2018, largest foreign investor in India (22% of total FDI inflows)
158
European Union Business Presence
Around 6,000 EU companies providing 1.7 million direct jobs and indirectly 5 million jobs in India
159
Japan Bilateral Trade
$11.87 billion (FY 2019-20)
160
Japan Trade Relations
Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (2011)
161
Japan Exports
USD 3.94 billion in FY 2019-20
162
Japan Imports
USD 7.93 billion in FY 2019-20
163
Japan FDI
Largest recipient of Japanese foreign aid since 2003; Japan is the 5th largest source of FDI in India
164
Japan Infrastructure Projects
Ongoing projects include Bullet Train and Industrial corridor
165
United Kingdom Bilateral Trade
US $ 13.1 billion in FY2020-21
166
United Kingdom Trade Relations
India has a trade surplus with UK; JETCO aims to reduce trade barriers; aiming to double bilateral trade to $100 billion by 2030
167
United Kingdom Services Dominance
India-UK trade dominated by services, making up about 70% of overall annual commerce
168
United Kingdom FDI
$64 bn in 2020; fifth largest recipient of FDI inflows
169
France Trade
Goods (excluding military equipment) € 12.58 billion (2021)
170
France Exports
€ 6.70 billion (2021)
171
France Imports
€ 5.88 billion (2021)
172
France Investment
11th largest foreign investor in India (Cumulative between 2000-20)
173
France Services Growth
4% year-on-year growth in service exports
174
Nepal Bilateral Trade
$7 Billion (MEA)
175
Nepal Trade Relations
India is Nepal’s largest trade partner; Bilateral Free trade agreement (2009)
176
Nepal FDI
India is the largest source of FDI in Nepal
177
Bhutan Bilateral Trade
More than doubled from USD 484 million in 2014-15 to USD 1083 million in 2020-21
178
Bhutan Trade Relations
India is the largest trading partner (Bhutan imports 88% from India); Free trade regime
179
Bhutan Power Exports
Bhutan is a net power exporter to India
180
Bangladesh Bilateral Trade
$10 billion
181
Bangladesh Trade Agreements
APTA, SAFTA, SAPTA; India’s biggest trading partner in South Asia
182
Bangladesh Exports
$9 billion in 2020-21
183
Bangladesh FDI
India invested over $3.1 billion, expected to rise to $9 billion
184
Sri Lanka Bilateral Trade
US $ 3.6 billion (2020)
185
Sri Lanka Trade Relations
India is Sri Lanka’s largest trade partner in SAARC; Sri Lanka is India’s second-largest trading partner in the region
186
Sri Lanka FDI
FDI from India amounted to about US$ 1.7 billion during the period 2005 to 2019
187
Pakistan Bilateral Trade
$280 million (2020-21)
188
Pakistan Exports
$278 million
189
Pakistan Imports
$2 million
190
Saudi Arabia Bilateral Trade
$24 billion (2021)
191
Saudi Arabia Investment
Saudi Arabia intends to invest $100 billion in India
192
Bangladesh Border Haats
12 in number (Currently 4 are operational)
193
Pakistan - Bilateral Trade
$280 million (2020-21)
194
Pakistan - Exports
$278 million
195
Pakistan - Imports
$2 million.
196
Pakistan - Trade Relations
India withdrew MFN status (after Pulwama)
197
Pakistan - Trade Relations
Pakistan suspended Bilateral Trade (After August 370 decision)
198
Pakistan - Trade Relations
India consists of 3% of Pakistan’s total trade
199
Pakistan - Trade Relations
Denied Trade access to Afghanistan and Central Asia via Pakistan
200
Saudi Arabia - Bilateral trade
$24 bn. (2021)
201
Saudi Arabia - India as 2nd-largest partner
India emerges as Saudi Arabia’s second-largest trading partner.
202
Saudi Arabia - Investment
Saudi Arabia intends to invest $100 billion in India.
203
Saudi Arabia - Remittances
$ 34.5 billion
204
Saudi Arabia - Energy Security
Saudi Arabia: India’s second-largest supplier of crude oil
205
Saudi Arabia - Energy Security
1/3 approx LPG requirement from Saudi Arabia.
206
Saudi Arabia - Energy Security
Saudi Arabian oil major ARAMCO: partner in Ratnagiri Refinery and Petro-Chemical Project in Maharashtra.
207
Bangladesh - Bilateral trade
$10 billion
208
Bangladesh - Various Trade Agreements
Various Trade Agreements: APTA, SAFTA, SAPTA
209
Bangladesh - Imports
Imports: They stood at $1.09 billion in 2020-21.
210
Bangladesh - Exports
Exports: $9 billion in 2020-21.
211
Bangladesh - Border Haats
Border Haats: Tripura and Meghalaya; 12 in number (Currently 4 are operational)
212
Bangladesh - Border Trade
Border Trade: Easing of restrictions in Land port Starting from Akhaura (Tripura) and Ghojadanga (West Bengal)
213
Bangladesh - FDI
India invested over $3.1Bn (expected to rise to $9Bn).
214
Bangladesh - FDI
350 Indian companies registered in Bangladesh with 3.5 billion USD in FDI
215
Bangladesh - Line of Credits
Line of Credits: Developmental assistance - at $8bn; $500 Mn for defence (during 2021 Indian PM’s visit)
216
Bangladesh - Vaccine Diplomacy
Vaccine Diplomacy: India gave 1.2 million free doses of the AstraZeneca coronavirus vaccine to Bangladesh
217
Bangladesh - Overland Goods Transit
Overland Goods Transit: Bangladesh granted permission last year to use its territory for the transit of Indian goods
218
Sri Lanka - Bilateral trade
2020: US $ 3.6 billion.
219
Sri Lanka - Indian Investments
Indian Investments: Petroleum retail, tourism & hotel, manufacturing, banking and financial services.
220
Sri Lanka - India-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement
India-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement (ISFTA) in 2000.
221
Sri Lanka - ISFTA usage
ISFTA: Only about 5% of India’s total exports to Sri Lanka in the past few years have used the ISFTA provisions.
222
Sri Lanka - FDI
FDI: FDI from India amounted to about US$ 1.7 billion during the period 2005 to 2019.
223
Sri Lanka - Joint Marine Resources Management Authority
Joint Marine Resources Management Authority: Joint Marine Resources Management Authority between two countries. (Palk bay fisheries conflict)
224
Sri Lanka - Infrastructure development
Indian housing project - in war affected
areas.
b. Assistance for Deep Sea Fishing technique
c. Trincomalee port and oil tank farms
development
d. Joint India-Japan agreement - Mattala
Airport & East container terminal (ECT)
e. Jaffna-Colombo rail track and other
railway lines
e Eastern Container Terminal: Sri Lanka
scrapped its $500 million agreement with
India and Japan
225
Sri Lanka - Infrastructure development
Infrastructure development: Assistance for Deep Sea Fishing technique.
226
Sri Lanka - Infrastructure development
Infrastructure development: Trincomalee port and oil tank farms development.
227
Sri Lanka - Joint India-Japan agreement
Joint India-Japan agreement: Joint India-Japan agreement - Mattala Airport & East container terminal (ECT)
228
Sri Lanka - Railway lines
Railway lines: Jaffna-Colombo rail track and other railway lines.
229
Sri Lanka - Eastern Container Terminal
Eastern Container Terminal: Sri Lanka scrapped its $500 million agreement with India and Japan.
230
Afghanistan - Bilateral trade
crossed US$1.5 billion (2019-20)
231
Afghanistan - India’s share in Afghan exports
40.60%
232
Afghanistan - Top regional donor to Afghanistan
India is top regional donor to Afghanistan
233
Afghanistan - Exports from India
India
234
Afghanistan - Imports from Afghanistan
India
235
Afghanistan - Dry fruits and spices
India imports around 85% of its dry fruits along with most of the piquant spices from war-torn Afghanistan.
236
Afghanistan - Exports from India
Exports from India include garments, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, computers, hardware materials, cement, sugar and synthetic fibre.
237
Afghanistan - Strategic Partnership Agreement
The Strategic Partnership Agreement (SPA), 2011
238
Afghanistan - India’s entry to Central Asia
Afghanistan has key role in India’s entry to Central Asia: Eg, Zaranjdelaram Highway
239
Afghanistan - Role in stabilizing Afghanistan
Role in stabilizing Afghanistan
240
Afghanistan - Military support
Delivered Mi-25 attack helicopters to Afghanistan
241
Afghanistan - Training to Afghan Forces
India provided Training to Afghan Forces: Increasing Capacity of Afghan forces (After Taliban Captures Afghanistan in August 2021; the subsequent events will determine India-Afghanistan relations)
242
ASEAN - Trade Deficit
India
243
ASEAN - Exports
US$31.49 billion in 2019-20.
244
ASEAN - Imports
US$55.37 billion.
245
ASEAN - Importance of Act East Policy
India is not a member.
246
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation - Population
SCO member states have a population of nearly 1.5 billion people.
247
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation - GDP
Represents 20% of global GDP.
248
G20 - Members
Its members account for more than 80 percent of world GDP, 75 percent of global trade, and 60 percent of the population of the planet.
249
India - Africa Trade - Growth
India
250
India - Africa Trade - Third-largest trade partner
India is now Africa
251
India - Africa Trade - Investment
India is the fifth largest investor in the African continent with a cumulative investment of $54 billion.
252
UN Peacekeepers - Indian soldiers
6,000 Indian soldiers in UN peace-keeping missions in five conflict zones in Africa.
253
India - South Africa trade
India-South Africa trade has crossed the landmark - increased from USD 10 billion to USD 11.6 billion.
254
SAARC - Member States
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
255
SAARC - Area
The SAARC comprises 3% of the world
256
SAARC - Population
21% of the world
257
SAARC - Economy
4.21% (US$3.67 trillion) of the global economy, as of 2019.
258
SAARC - Growth Rate
The South Asian region, comprising eight countries, is likely to show economic growth of 1.8% to 2.8% in 2020.
259
SAARC - Poor Intra Trade
With intra-regional trade at less than 5% of total trade, South Asia is the least integrated region in the world.
260
BIMSTEC - Member States
Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
261
BIMSTEC - Population
The BIMSTEC region is home to roughly 22 percent of the global population with a combined GDP of over $2.7 trillion.
262
BRICS - Members
Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa.
263
BRICS - Total trade
Total trade of the member nations has expanded by 94%.
264
BRICS - Population and GDP
With 40% of the world’s population and about 30% of the GDP.
265
BRICS - Intra-BRICS trade
Intra-BRICS trade is just 17% of world trade.
266
Diaspora - Population
India has the largest diaspora population in the world with 18 million people from the country living outside their homeland in 2020.
267
Diaspora - PIOs and NRIs
Total of 18.7 million Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) and 13.5 million Non-resident Indians (NRIs) were living in foreign countries as of December 25, 2021.
268
Diaspora - NRI population in Lok Sabha elections
In 17th Lok Sabha elections roughly 25,000 came to India to vote.
269
Diaspora - Remittances
India received $89 billion in remittances in 2021 (World Bank).
270
Agriculture - Share of Agriculture in GDP
It accounts for 18.8% (2021-22) in Gross Value Added (GVA).
271
Agriculture - Agricultural Growth Rate
3.4% at constant prices in 2020-21 (ES-2021).
272
Agriculture - Agricultural Yield
Increased 4 times since independence but the yield of rice and wheat below the world average.
273
Agriculture - Agricultural Employment
41% of the total workforce in India (World Bank).
274
Agriculture - Rural Population
65.07% of the Indian population lives in rural areas (World Bank).
275
Agriculture - Rural Population dependent on Agriculture
70% of households (FAO India report 2017-18).
276
Agriculture - Total Land Area under Cultivation
Highest Land Area under (Cereal): 51% (ICAR Data).
277
Agriculture - World Rankings
1st - Pulses (25% of world production), 2nd - Rice, 2nd - Wheat, 1st - Milk Production, 2nd - Fruits and Vegetables, 18th - Cotton Production (25% of World Production) - OECD FAO report.
278
Agriculture - Average Farm Size
1.41 hectares - 1991, 1.15 hectares - 2019. 86.2% of Farmers in India are Small and Marginal; They own only 47.3% area.
279
Agriculture - India’s Competitive Advantage
2nd Highest arable land in the world, highest area under irrigation in the world, 15th longest coastline in the world, highest cattle production in the world, 1/3rd of global tractors are in India.
280
Agriculture - Corporate Sector Investment
<2% (CSO 2019).
281
Agricultural Inputs - Hydrographic/Irrigational Data
Total Rainfed: 52%, Irrigated: 48%, Canal Irrigated: 30%, Wells: 60%, Tanks: 5%
282
Agricultural Inputs - Water Use Efficiency
Water Use Efficiency: 38%
283
Agricultural Inputs - Irrigation Costs
Irrigation consists of 70% of all input costs.
284
Agricultural Inputs - Fertilisers Subsidy
Fertilisers Subsidy: 0.5% of GDP. Only 35% of the subsidy reaches the intended beneficiaries. [NITI Aayog]
285
Agricultural Inputs - Fertiliser Use
Fertiliser use has increased 25 times since 1960, while food production has only increased 3 times. Ideal use ratio: 4:2:1, actual reported as high as 28:4:1 at some places.
286
Agricultural Inputs - Seeds
Seeds account for 20-25% of Crop Productivity. Farmer Saved Seeds: 80-85%.
287
Agricultural Inputs - Pesticides
Crop losses due to Pests: 20-25% (0.9-1.4 Lakh Crore). Utilised Pesticide: 0.1% of Applied Pesticide. Consumption: 0.6 kg per hectare compared to 7 kg per hectare in the USA.
288
Agricultural Inputs - Livestock
Livestock: 57% Buffaloes, 13% Cattle. Contribution to Agriculture GDP: 25.8% (As per Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy).
289
Agricultural Inputs - Groundwater Use
Groundwater Usage Share: Irrigation/Agriculture - 89%, Domestic Use - 9%, Industrial Use - 2%. India is the world’s largest user of groundwater, providing 50% of urban use and 85% of rural use. Decline of groundwater in 52% of wells (Central Ground Water Board Report). 230 billion cubic meters of groundwater drawn out each year for irrigating agriculture lands in India (CGWB).
290
Farm Sector - Small and Marginal landholding
86.2% of Farmers own 47.3% area.
291
Farm Sector - Employment in Agriculture
24.5% of rural households are agricultural labour (EPW).
292
Farm Sector - Farm Debt
More than 50% of farm households under debt (NABARD).
293
Farm Sector - Farmer Suicide
10,281 in 2019 (NCRB Data). 3,58,164 people engaged in the farming profession have committed suicide in India from 1995 to 2019 (NCRB Data).
294
Farm Sector - Landholding amongst Farmers
65% holding less than 1 hectare (NSSO 70th Round).
295
Farm Sector - Exit from Sector
76% want to give up farming (CSDS, Delhi).
296
Farm Sector - Below Poverty Line
22% of Farmers. Outstanding Average Loan Amount: Rs. 42,000.
297
Farm Sector - Taxation
95% of farmers below the tax threshold (Kelkar Task Force).
298
Farm Sector - Households under Debt
47 Million.
299
Farm Sector - Low Average Monthly Income
Rs. 6,246. Per Capita Income of Agriculture household = 1/3rd of the income of the non-agriculture household.
300
Infrastructure - Post Harvest Losses
Rs. 92,000 Crore.
301
Infrastructure - Cold Storage
Short by 30-40 lakh tonnes (Dalwai Committee).
302
Infrastructure - Additional Markets Required by 2022-23
3568 as per NITI Strategy for New India @75.
303
Food Processing - General Statistics
15.95% of the total number of factories, 16.78% of the operational factories. Employed 11.36% of the workforce. 14.09% of the output.
304
Food Processing - Agri output Processed in India
Less than 10% of Agri Produce (USA-65%; China 23%). 2% of Vegetables and fruits, 8% Marine Produce, 35% Milk, 6% Poultry.
305
Food Processing - Government Policies
Govt allowed 100% FDI in 2020. Mega Food Parks: 22 operational Food parks employ 6 Lakh (MoFPT).
306
Food Wastage - General Statistics
India witnesses nearly 4.6-15.9% (Ministry of Food Processing Industry). FAO-40% of food is wasted due to fragmented food systems and inefficient supply chains.
307
Food Processing - Processing Levels of Perishables
Fruits & vegetables ~2%, Marine produce ~23%, Poultry ~6%, Meat ~21%, Dairy ~35% (Ministry of Food Processing Industry).
308
Trade - India’s share in global Agri Export
22%
309
Trade - Ranking
13th in the world (But 2nd in Agri Production)
310
Trade - Destination of Agri exports
70% to Middle East, Africa, and Asia-Pacific; 30% to Europe and Americas
311
Trade - Growth in Agri Exports (April-Nov 2021)
Exports of Agriculture and Allied Products grew by 23.2% to US$ 31.0 billion (Eco Survey 2022)
312
Trade - Export share in Agricultural GDP
19% (Eco Survey)
313
Trade - Top Agricultural Exports
Marine Products, Meat, and Rice (52% of total) (APEDA 2018-19)
314
Trade - Total Value of Agri Exports
$30 billion (APEDA 2019). India
315
Trade - Growth in Agri exports (2020-21)
22.8% growth in agri exports at Rs. 3,09,939 crore with a share of 1.6% to GDP.
316
Trade - Top Agricultural Imports
Pulses, Cashew, Edible Oil
317
Miscellaneous - GM Crops
India 4th Largest in GM crop acreage (BT cotton only GM crop in India)
318
Miscellaneous - Black Marketing in PDS food grains
40-60% (Shanta Kumar Committee)
319
Miscellaneous - Grain Procurement by Government
60-80% of marketed surplus (Shanta Kumar Committee)
320
Miscellaneous - Share of Female Landholders (2015-16)
11.57% as per Center for Land Governance index (Dec 2020). 12.8% operational land holding are with Women.
321
Miscellaneous - System of Rice Intensification
Improves productivity by 30%
322
Miscellaneous - Agriculture based NPA
Rs. 60,200 Crore (RBI, 2017)
323
Miscellaneous - Investment in Research
1% of Agriculture GDP (NITI Aayog)
324
Miscellaneous - Awareness of MSP
10% of farmers aware before sowing. 60% of farmers aware after sowing. 6% of farmers are benefited (NITI Aayog)
325
Miscellaneous - Ashok Dalwai Committee Recommendations
Share of Farmers in Consumer Price: 15%. Post Harvest Losses: 6-18%. 15% of mandis have cold storage facility. 50% of mandis have a weighing facility. Average Procurement: Rice- 33%, Wheat- 25%.
326
Manufacturing - Share in India’s GVA
14.4% (FY2020-21); expected to improve to 15.3% in 2021-22 (Economic Survey)
327
Manufacturing - Share of Manufacturing in total GDP
17% (Economic Survey), 13% as per World Bank
328
Manufacturing - National Manufacturing Policy 2011
Aimed to increase share of Manufacturing to 25%
329
Manufacturing - Employment in Manufacturing
15% of total employment
330
Manufacturing - Decline in Employment (2016-2021)
Employment in manufacturing declined from 51 million to 27.3 million (CMIE)
331
Manufacturing - FDI Share
Defence manufacturing - 74% through automatic route. Food Processing Industry - 100%
332
Manufacturing - Issues
High Logistic cost: 14% of GDP. Informal Workers: 90% of all workers. Low R&D Spending: 0.65% of GDP
333
Pharmaceuticals - Contribution to GDP
2% of GDP. 8% of total merchandise exports. Largest provider of Generic Medicine. More than 50% of the vaccine demand of the world
334
Textile - Contribution to GDP
5% of GDP. 7% of Industrial Output in value terms. 12% of Export Earnings
335
Textile - Employment
2nd largest employment provider in India after agriculture
336
Leather - Employment
Employed: 4.5 million (30% Women). Share in World: 13% of Leather Production
337
Food Processing - Contribution to GDP
12.8% of India’s GDP. 1.69% of total GVA. Growth Rate: 11.18% in last five years
338
Food Processing - Government Initiative
Production Linked Incentive Scheme (PLI) under AtmaNirbhar Bharat Abhiyan 2021
339
Electronics - Contribution to GDP
2.7% of GDP. 3.6% of Global Electronic Manufacturing
340
Automobile - Contribution to GDP
7.1% of India’s GDP. 49% of manufacturing GDP
341
Automobile - Global Rankings
4th Largest Automobile Market. 1st in Manufacture of 2-wheelers and 3-wheelers
342
MSME Sector - Share in India’s GDP
30% (Invest India Report)
343
MSME Sector - Target
Increasing MSMEs’ share in GDP to 40% by 2025
344
MSME Sector - Share in Exports
48% of all exports (Invest India Report)
345
MSME Sector - Employment
11 crore people are employed in the MSME sector
346
MSME Sector - Issues
Insolvency Delays: 7.9 years. Lack of credit access: Only 4% can access credit. Unorganized: 94% of firms in the unorganized sector (6th MSME Census of MSME Ministry)
347
Labour and Employment - Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in urban areas
42.3% (Periodic Labour Force Survey, July-Sep 2021)
348
Labour and Employment - Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) in urban areas
46.9% (Periodic Labour Force Survey, July-Sep 2021)
349
Labour and Employment - Unemployment Rate (UR) in urban areas
9.8% in July-Sep 2021 (down from 13.2% the previous year, Periodic Labour Force Survey)
350
Labour and Employment - Unorganized Sector share in workforce
83% of the total workforce (Oxfam report)
351
Labour and Employment - Long term trends in Employment (PLFS Data 2019-20)
4.75 crore additional persons joined the workforce between 2018-19 and 2019-20. 65% of additional workers in 2019-20 were self-employed.
352
Labour and Employment - Gender-specific trends in Employment (PLFS Data 2019-20)
63% of new female workers in 2019-20 were self-employed, with 65% joining the agriculture sector.
353
Indian Economy - Services Sector
53% at current prices in FY22 (Until Jan 22)
354
Indian Economy - Services Sector
> 60%
355
Indian Economy - Services Sector
3.5% (Almost twice the share in world
356
Indian Economy - Services Sector
34% of Population (Lowest amongst top 15 Economies)
357
Indian Economy - Services Sector
60% of total FDI inflow comes in the Service sector (Largest receiver of FDI)
358
Indian Economy - Top IT/BPM firms
Wipro
359
Indian Economy - E-Commerce
Expected to grow to US$ 188 billion by 2025 from US$ 46.2 billion as of 2020. Expected to reach US$ 350 billion by 2030.
360
Indian Economy - E-Commerce
80% of sales in the sector are from exports
361
Indian Economy - Startups
India ranked 20th out of 100.
362
Indian Economy - Tourism
6.8% of GDP
363
Indian Economy - Tourism
According to the World Travel and Tourism
Council (WTTC)
e 6.8% of GDP
* 8% of employment
e Annual growth expected 6.9%
e 9.8% of GDP by 2028
*8th Largest Tourist Economy
364
Indian Economy - Tourism
6.90%
365
Indian Economy - Tourism
According to the World Travel and Tourism
Council (WTTC)
e 6.8% of GDP
* 8% of employment
e Annual growth expected 6.9%
e 9.8% of GDP by 2028
*8th Largest Tourist Economy
366
Indian Economy - Foreign Tourist Arrivals
1 crore (2017-18)
367
Indian Economy - Forex Earnings
Amounted to nearly 7 billion U.S. dollars.
368
Indian Economy - Top Tourist Destinations
UP
369
COVID-19 Impact - Agriculture Sector
Estimated to grow 3.9% in 2021-22.
370
COVID-19 Impact - Services Sector
Contracted by 8.4% in 2020-21.
371
COVID-19 Impact - Services Sector
Estimated to grow by 8.2% in 2021-22.
372
COVID-19 Impact - IIP (Index of Industrial Production)
Recorded a negative growth of 8.4% in 2020-21.
373
COVID-19 Impact - RBI Report
India expected to overcome COVID-19 losses in 2034-35.
374
COVID-19 Impact - Socio-Economic Impact
7% increase compared to previous year (World Bank)
375
COVID-19 Impact - Socio-Economic Impact
7% decline in 2020 compared to 2019 (World Bank)
376
COVID-19 Impact - Socio-Economic Impact
]Tens of millions of people are at risk of falling
into extreme poverty, while the number of
undernourished people, currently estimated at
nearly 690 million, could increase by up to 132
million by the end of the year (WHO)
e Nearly half of the world’s 3.3 billion global
workforces are at risk of losing their
livelihoods(WHO)
377
COVID-19 Impact - Socio-Economic Impact
Nearly half of the world’s 3.3 billion global
workforces are at risk of losing their
livelihoods(WHO)
378
Infrastructure - Transport - Share in Freight Transport - Road
60% (World Bank)
379
Infrastructure - Transport - Share in Freight Transport - Rail
33%
380
Infrastructure - Transport - Government Aim for Rail share by 2030
45%
381
Infrastructure - Transport - Share in Freight Transport - Waterways
9%
382
Infrastructure - Transport - Share in Freight Transport - Inland waterways
0.15%
383
Infrastructure - Transport - Share in Freight Transport - Coastal Shipping
7%
384
Infrastructure - Transport - Share in Passenger Transport - Road
86% (World Bank)
385
Infrastructure - Transport - Share in Passenger Transport - Rail
14%
386
Infrastructure - Transport - Share of National and State highways
5% of total length but 55% of total traffic
387
Infrastructure - Transport - Roadways importance
64.5% of Goods/Freight, 86% of Passenger Traffic
388
Infrastructure - Transport - Roadway accidents
4,12,432 road accidents in 2021 in which 1,53,972
people were killed
● India loses 3% of GDP in road accidents annually (UN
Report)
389
Infrastructure - Transport - Economic impact of road accidents
India loses 3% of GDP annually (UN Report)
390
Infrastructure - Transport - Railway network
4th largest in the world
391
Infrastructure - Transport - Railway Utilisation
150% above capacity
392
Infrastructure - Transport - Railway employees
Largest employer in India with 14 lakh employees, 8th biggest employer globally
393
Infrastructure - Transport - Daily railway passengers
24 million passengers
394
Infrastructure - Transport - Post-Independence railway trends
23% increase in rail length, 1600% increase in passenger traffic, 1400% increase in freight
395
Infrastructure - Transport - Railway penetration
0.057 km per 1000 persons (USA: 0.752 per 1000 persons)
396
Infrastructure - Transport - Average freight speed
23.6 km/h (USA: 50 km/h)
397
Infrastructure - Transport - Shipping coastline
Around 7500 km
398
Infrastructure - Transport - Foreign trade through shipping
95% by volume, 70% by value
399
Infrastructure - Transport - Ports
13 major ports, 200+ minor ports
400
Infrastructure - Transport - Shipping ownership
90% foreign-owned ships, 10% Indian-owned ships
401
Infrastructure - Transport - Inland Waterways
14,500 km, 13 out of 111 NW operational
402
Infrastructure - Transport - Shipping Turnaround Time (TAT)
2.73 days (behind global average)
403
Infrastructure - Transport - Shipping fleet age
Average fleet age > 19 years
404
Infrastructure - Transport - Coastal depth
12 m (Required: 18 m)
405
Infrastructure - Transport - Civil Aviation market
3rd largest aviation market, 8th biggest in passenger traffic
406
Infrastructure - Transport - Operational Airports
100 operational out of 449 airports, aerodromes, and airstrips
407
Infrastructure - Real Estate - Share in GDP
6-7% (Expected to rise to 13% by 2025)
408
Infrastructure - Real Estate - Employment
2nd largest employer after agriculture
409
Infrastructure - Real Estate - Projects under RERA Act
51,850 (2020)
410
Land - Cultivable Land
43% of the land is favorable for cultivation
411
Land - Waste Land
20.17%
412
Coal - Type and Distribution
97% Gondwana coal (Anthracite); Over 97% of the country’s coal reserves are in the valleys of Son, Damodar, Mahanadi, and Godavari
413
Coal - Recent Developments
Government has allowed Commercial Coal Mining for increasing private sector partnership; India is the largest importer of Coking coal; More than 50% of electricity is generated using coal
414
Crude Oil - Import and Reserves
India is the world’s third-largest importer of
Crude oil (the US is the largest supplier)
e 24%Min the world (0.3% of world’s total oil
reserve)
415
Iron and Steel - Reserves and Production
India is the 6th largest reserve holder; 2nd largest producer of Steel, contributing 2% of GDP
416
Forest Cover
21.67%
417
Live-Stock Sector - Growth and Contribution
Grew at a CAGR of 8.15% (2014-15 to 2019-20); Contribution to total agriculture and allied sector GVA increased from 24.32% (2014-15) to 29.35% (2019-20); Contributed 4.35% of total GVA in 2019-20
418
Live-Stock Sector - Census 2018
Total Livestock population is 535.78 million (an increase of 4.6% over Livestock Census-2012); Total Bovine population is 302.79 million, with an increase of 1% over the previous census; Total buffaloes in the country are 109.85 million; Total sheep in the country is 74.26 million; Total Pigs in the country is 9.06 Million; Total poultry in the country is 851.81 million in 2019
419
Fisheries - Production and Rank
India is third in fisheries production (6.3% of Global fish production); Second in Aquaculture
420
General - Crude Oil Import/Export
Imported 85% of crude oil requirements (2021); Middle East accounts for 60% of oil import (2021)
421
General - Natural Gas Import
Imported 45% of Natural Gas requirements (NITI Aayog data)
422
Per Capita Energy Consumption
1208 kWh (1/3rd of World Average per capita consumption)
423
Electricity Rankings (India)
Producer: 3rd Largest; Consumer: 3rd Largest; Installed Capacity: 5th Largest; Wind Energy production: 4th (IEA); Solar: 5th (IEA)
424
Coal Import
Second largest importer of coal (IEA); India has 18% of population but is responsible for 6% of World’s energy production
425
Installed Capacity - Breakdown
(Total: 350 GW of installed capacity)
Thermal: 63% ( 56%- Coal, 7%- Gas, Oil0.2%)
Hydro: 13%
Nuclear: 2%
Renewable: 22%
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Production - Electricity
9 States account for 75% of electricity production
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Renewable Energy Targets
175GW by 2022; Target revised to achieve 450GW by 2030; Sector-wise - Wind: 47% (37 GW), Solar: 34% (32 GW), Bio: 13% (9 GW), Small Hydropower: 6% (4 GW); 96.61% of renewable production by Private sector
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Emissions (India) - CO2 Emissions
2.6 Billion Tonnes (6.88% of World); Increase from 1990: 305%; Emissions sources - Energy: 73%, Agriculture: 16%, Industry: 8%, Waste: 2%
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Fuel for Cooking (Households)
49% use Firewood Stoves; 97.4% use LPG (2020); Crop Residue: 9%; Cow Dung cake: 8%
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Electrification - Villages and Households
99% of villages electrified; 96.7% of households electrified (India Residential Energy Survey 2020)
431
Efficiency Increase (Electricity)
22.8% increase from 2005-2016 (NITI Aayog)
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Technical & Commercial Losses
Transmission and Distribution losses in India: 20.6% (Central Electricity Authority)
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Ease of Doing Business - Getting Electricity
Rank: 24 (2018); Previous Rank: 137 (2014)
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Net Exporter of Electricity
To Nepal, Bangladesh, and Myanmar
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**India's COP26 "Panchamrit" Goals:**glassgow summit 2021
1. **500 GW non-fossil energy capacity by 2030**
2. **50% renewable energy share by 2030**
3. **Reduce carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes by 2030**
4. **Reduce carbon intensity by 45% by 2030**
5. **Achieve net zero emissions by 2070**
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Carbon Neutrality Goal
India aims for carbon neutrality by 2070, with a 50% reduction in emissions by 2030
437
Social Needs - Electricity Access
2 crore Households without access to Electricity; Electricity consumption per capita is 1/3rd of World Average; Around 30% of Global Poor live in India; 24% of Global Population without electricity lives in India
438
SDG 7 -
Universal Energy Access
India aims to provide universal access to affordable, reliable, and modern energy services by 2030
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Internet Penetration in India
622 Million (40% of the population); Expected to increase to 900 million by 2025; 2nd largest Internet Subscribers in the world are in India; Top 3 in digital consumers
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Rural-Urban Internet Penetration
Urban: 67% (Growth Rate: 4%); Rural: 31% (Growth Rate: 12%) (ICUBE Report 2020)
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Digital Penetration
Over 45% of population is online with ease of access, usage of online services, and receives quality services (RBI Financial Inclusion Index 2021); Only 17% women across India are connected; Internet users in rural India are almost exclusively men (98% of total connected users); In urban India, 79% of Internet users are male (Boston Consulting Group survey)
442
NSO Survey on Digital Education Divide (2020)
Rural Households with Computer: 4.4%; Urban Households with Computer: 23.4%; Rural Households with Internet: 14.9%; Urban Households with Internet: 42%
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Mobile Phone Usage
77% of Urban users use mobile phones for Internet; 92% of Rural users use mobile phones for Internet
444
Mobile Subscriptions (India)
1.2 Billion (2021) as per TRAI; 2nd largest smartphones market
445
Average Download Speed (Mobile)
17.8 Mbps (Rank: 122/140); Global Average: 32 Mbps (Speedtest Global Index)
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Digital Identity
99% coverage under Aadhar
447
Digital Usage
Largest Social Media users; 2nd largest instant messaging service users (WhatsApp)
448
Digital Payments to GDP
7.69% in 2019 (RBI)
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Payment Modes (Online)
Debit/Credit: 43.5%; UPI: 40.4%; Net Banking: 10.9%
450
Card Penetration per capita
0.66
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Adoption of Digital Payments (Highest)
Food and Beverage; Tours and Tourism
452
Gender Parity in Internet Access
All India: Male 67%, Female 33%; Urban: Male 62%, Female 38%; Rural: Male 72%, Female 28% (India Internet 2019 report)
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Digital Literacy
Almost a third of all children in Classes 1 and II did not have a smartphone available at home (ASER 2021 Survey); Over 60% of women in 12 states and union territories have never used the internet (NFHS Report)
454
Ransomware Breaches Incidents
Ransomware breaches up by 13% in 2022 (Verizon DBIR report); 25% of total breaches were the result of social engineering attacks; Over 6 lakh cyber breaches reported in the first half of 2021; Red Echo Cyber-attack on Power Grid in Maharashtra in March 2021; India ranks 3rd in terms of Cyber Vulnerability
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Cyber Attacks
India witnessed a three-fold increase in cybersecurity-related incidents in 2020 compared to 2019, recording 1.16 million breaches (Computer Emergency Response Team Data); Over 6,07,220 recorded cybersecurity breaches till June 2021
456
Digital Information
98%
457
Print Information
2%
458
Trends
10% increase in broadband can increase GDP by 1.4%; Direct benefit transfers (DBT) saved ₹1.1 lakh crore out of ₹6 crore spent on subsidies in 2018
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Insurance Penetration (2020)
Overall: 4.2% (Economic Survey 2022); Life Insurance: 3.2%; Non-life Insurance: 1%; World Average: 6%
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Insurance Density
Increased from USD 11.5 in 2001 to USD 78 in 2020
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Bank Accounts (Banking Penetration)
80% (Global Findex Report 2018); 190 million Indian adults do not have bank accounts (World Bank report); Online banking penetration expected to reach 50% by 2025
462
Stressed Assets
85% under Public Sector Banks
463
Banking Assets
Top 10 Banks hold 58% of total banking assets (Indicates low level of risk diversification)
464
Informal Lending (Money Lenders)
Account for 30% of total banking activities
465
Bank Credit to GDP
56% (BIS Data); China: 98% of GDP
466
Rare Diseases
- 6,000-8,000 classified rare diseases, less than 5% have therapies available\n- India has 50-100 million people affected, with 80% being children (policy report)
467
Tuberculosis
- National TB Prevalence Survey (2019-21): India
468
HIV
- 21 lakh people living with HIV in India\n- Estimated annual new HIV infections declining by 37% from 2010 to 2019 (HIV Estimates report 2019)
469
Polio
- India certified polio-free on March 27, 2014, last case reported in January 2011
470
Malaria
- India has 15 million cases annually with 19,500-20,000 deaths\n- Reduction in reported cases by 49% and deaths by 50.5% in 2019 (WHO)
471
Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs)
- 1 in 4 Indians at risk of dying from an NCD before age 70\n- NCDs contribute to 60% of all deaths in India (NIH Data)
472
Space Technology
- ISRO Budget: 3.48% increase in expenditure allocation (2020-21)\n- ISRO revenue: Rs 324.19 crore in FY 2018-19, up 40% from previous year\n- Market Share: ISRO holds 3% of global space market ($350 billion)
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Artificial Intelligence
- Job loss: 30% (3 million jobs) projected loss by 2022 due to robot process automation (Bank of America Report)\n- AI potential: Could add US$957 billion to India
