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MAINS > current affairs -gs1 and 2 > Flashcards

current affairs -gs1 and 2 Flashcards

1
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Main Topic

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Examples

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2
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3
Q

Regionalism

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  • Demand for Khalistan in Punjab (Negative example) <br></br> - Dravida Nadu- Dravidian Movement in Tamil Nadu (Positive example) <br></br> - Formation of Jharkhand (Positive example) <br></br> - Formation of Chhattisgarh, Uttaranchal, Jharkhand <br></br> - Son of soil movements <br></br> - Under development as a cause (Vidharbha, Saurashtra, Bundelkhand) <br></br> - Over development as a cause (Harit Pradesh, Tulunadu) <br></br> - Inter-state regionalism (Cauvery river water dispute) <br></br> - Boundary disputes (Belgaum, Kasargod, Rengma reserved forests, Chandigarh) <br></br> - Sub-regionalism (Saurashtra in Gujarat) <br></br> - Supra-state regionalism (North vs. South India) <br></br> - Regionalism turning into Sub-nationalism (Bangladesh, Sri Lanka LTTE) <br></br> - Local job reservation (Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana) <br></br> - Delhi hospital revokes ban on Malayalam <br></br> - Extreme regionalism (NSCN, Islamic fundamentalist groups, ULFA)
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4
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Secularism

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  • Haj Subsidy, Kailash Mansarovar subsidies <br></br> - Hindus and Muslims respecting each other’s festivals <br></br> - Triple Talaq (Shayara Bano case, 2017) <br></br> - Restrictions on women temple entry (Shani Shignapur, Haji Ali Dargah)
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5
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Globalization

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  • Indian cuisine popularity (Butter Chicken) <br></br> - KFC not selling beef in India <br></br> - McDonald’s going vegetarian during Navaratri <br></br> - Spread of communicable diseases (AIDS, COVID-19) <br></br> - SEWA (Union of women laborers) <br></br> - Glocalized Saree draping <br></br> - Loss of IPRs (Neem, Ayurveda) <br></br> - MNCs (Google, Facebook, Microsoft) <br></br> - Automotive industry (MG, Hyundai, Renault, etc.) <br></br> - Banking industry (HSBC)
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6
Q

Communalism

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  • Kerala’s lack of segregated residences <br></br> - Muzaffarnagar riots, 2014 <br></br> - Anti-Sikh riots, 1984 <br></br> - Assam communal violence, 2012 <br></br> - Biwandi ‘Mohalla Comittees’ <br></br> - Community Policing (Friends of Police, Janamaithri Suraksha Project, Meira Paibi) <br></br> - UPSC Jihad program <br></br> - Tablighi Jamaat Issue during lockdown <br></br> - Pehlu Khan Lynching <br></br> - Lynching of Bangladeshi Nationals in Assam
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7
Q

Women (Positive)

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  • Zomato period leave <br></br> - Japan’s menstrual leave <br></br> - SHE-Box (Online complaint management) <br></br> - Haridaspur celebration for girls <br></br> - Mahila E-Haat <br></br> - Spandana initiative (Andhra Pradesh) <br></br> - All-women commercial flight <br></br> - Nirbhaya Squad of Jaipur police <br></br> - Women Entrepreneurs (Indra Nooyi, Shikha Sharma, Chanda Kochhar) <br></br> - International Women’s trade centre (Kozhikode) <br></br> - Chuppi Todo Abhiyaan <br></br> - Ghar Doghaanche Abhiyan <br></br> - Maharashtra all-women battalion <br></br> - All women crew for Air India <br></br> - Nirbhaya Vahini <br></br> - Women’s India Premier league 2023 <br></br> - Bharosa cells <br></br> - Pad Squad initiative <br></br> - SC ruling on daughters’ right to inheritance <br></br> - Women Army Officers permanent commission <br></br> - Janani Auto rickshaws <br></br> - Kerala’s synthetic pad free village
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8
Q

Women (Negative)

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  • Honour Killing in Dausa <br></br> - Kathua, Unnao, Hathras, Hyderabad rape cases <br></br> - Muzaffarpur shelter home rape case <br></br> - Dowry calculators online
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9
Q

Health

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  • Arogyakeralam (Kerala) <br></br> - Affordable medical check-ups in Kadapa <br></br> - Comprehensive annual health check-up for Sikkim <br></br> - Janta clinic in Jaipur <br></br> - Regulatory reforms in Australia (AMR) <br></br> - Health A.T.M at railway stations <br></br> - Telehealth model in Ganjam District <br></br> - Mo Masari (Odisha) <br></br> - Smart Anganwadi (Gujarat) <br></br> - Jan Aushadikendras <br></br> - Village adoption by hospitals <br></br> - Rural Health Care Foundation (RHCF) <br></br> - Heal in India initiative <br></br> - Tele-medicine in Erode <br></br> - Can Kids, Kids Can NGO <br></br> - Dilip Mahalanabis and ORS <br></br> - Ratan Chandra Kar and Jarawas <br></br> - Vennila Vadivelu’s award <br></br> - e-Sanjeevani portal <br></br> - PM Janaushadhi Pariyojna in Assam <br></br> - Sadarjung hospital’s integrated medicine centre <br></br> - Delhi’s desh ke mentor programme <br></br> - Jagananna Gorumudda scheme <br></br> - Yeshashwini micro health insurance <br></br> - Nutrition initiatives (e.g., Gujarat, Maharashtra, Odisha)
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10
Q

Nutrition

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  • Open kitchen concept in Gujarat <br></br> - Healthier canteen menus in Maharashtra <br></br> - Decentralized ICDS in Odisha <br></br> - Mamata Programme in Odisha <br></br> - Matri Amrit Ahar in Assam
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11
Q

Poverty

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  • Rajasthan ‘Apna Gaon Apna Kaam’ <br></br> - Jaga Mission in Odisha <br></br> - Philippines social protection project <br></br> - China’s Yunnan Integrated road network project
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12
Q

Inclusive Growth

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  • Bolsa Familia (Brazil) <br></br> - Opportunidades (Mexico) <br></br> - Samruddhi Kosh (Sri Lanka) <br></br> - Painting on Mann Ki Baat by Ajmer woman <br></br> - 100% electrification of rural schools (Dr. Jitendra Soni) <br></br> - Manodarpan initiative <br></br> - Kenya’s representation of women in assembly and senate <br></br> - Himachal Pradesh women in police <br></br> - Kerala’s menstrual leave for women students <br></br> - Maharashtra all-women battalion
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13
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LGBT Community

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  • Ugandan anti-LGBTQ law <br></br> - Mahindra’s queer inclusion policy <br></br> - Transgender Community desk in Hyderabad <br></br> - Kerala’s transgender policy <br></br> - India’s first transgender sports meet <br></br> - Ireland and Denmark gender self-determination <br></br> - Gender-neutral toilets in Delhi <br></br> - Chennai Transkitchen <br></br> - Sameera M. Jahagirdar’s advocacy <br></br> - Manipur’s all-transgender football team <br></br> - Sathyasri Sharmila (transgender lawyer) <br></br> - Kalki Subramaniam’s Sahodari Foundation <br></br> - Pranathi Prakash’s marriage <br></br> - Shanavi Ponnusamy’s job denial case <br></br> - Manabi Bandopadhyay (first transgender college principal) <br></br> - Manjamma Jogathi (Padma Shri award) <br></br> - Achinta Das Mazumder’s Aadhar card <br></br> - Sweekurtiproject for transgender skilling
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14
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Education

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  • Potacabins for children in LWE areas (Chhattisgarh) <br></br> - Delhi Model Virtual School <br></br> - E-Talim in Bihar <br></br> - Aao Ghar Mein Seekhein program (Rajasthan) <br></br> - Namath Basai (Kerala) <br></br> - Baste Ka Bojh Kam project (Rajasthan) <br></br> - Mobile libraries in MP <br></br> - **Prat
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15
Q

Crime and Violence

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  • Delhi Police’s ‘Operation Red Rose’ <br></br> - Punjab’s anti-drug initiatives <br></br> - Haryana’s measures for women safety <br></br> - Kolkata’s drug rehabilitation centres <br></br> - UP’s ‘Suraksha Kavach’ for women <br></br> - Mumbai’s vigilance squads <br></br> - Chhattisgarh’s anti-Naxal measures <br></br> - Kerala’s anti-terror initiatives <br></br> - Jammu and Kashmir’s de-radicalization program
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16
Q

Migration

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  • Migration to Gulf countries <br></br> - Employment exchanges in Kerala <br></br> - Skill development for migrants in Maharashtra <br></br> - Transit accommodation in Delhi <br></br> - Migrants’ rights initiatives (UNICEF, ILO) <br></br> - Odisha’s safe migration program <br></br> - Tripura’s migrant workers’ welfare scheme
17
Q

Labor Rights

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  • Wage theft initiatives (Delhi, Karnataka) <br></br> - Minimum wage act enforcement (Gujarat) <br></br> - Migrant labor camps (Rajasthan) <br></br> - Social security for informal workers (Kerala) <br></br> - Punjab’s farm labor rights <br></br> - Skill training for construction workers (Bihar) <br></br> - Child labor prevention (MP)
18
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Main Topic

A

Examples

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20
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Public Interest Litigation

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  • NALSA Judgment: Provided fundamental rights to transgenders in India. <br></br> - Bandhua Mukti Morcha vs. Union of India: SC ordered the release of bonded laborers. <br></br> - Sumit Batra Case: SC emphasized the right to be protected from solitary confinement of undertrials. <br></br> - Hussainara Khatoon vs. State of Bihar: Led to the release of thousands of undertrials who served their maximum period. <br></br> - Expanding Scope of Article 21: Includes right to clean air, livelihood, etc.
21
Q

Parliament

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  • Need for Parliamentary Budget Office: Similar to the US Congressional Budget Office. <br></br> - Passing of Farm Laws: Initially by voice vote, later repealed. <br></br> - Disruption in Parliament: Caused by MPs. <br></br> - Privilege Motion: Against the ex-Chief Justice of India. <br></br> - Britain’s Bill Scrutiny: Every bill is scrutinized by a committee. <br></br> - Participatory Budget Analysis: Example - DISHA in Gujarat.
22
Q

Local Government

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  • Women Panchayat Leaders: Invested 48% more in village development compared to male counterparts. <br></br> - Fatima Bi: Awarded UN’s Race Against Poverty Award. <br></br> - Meenangadi Gram Panchayat: Carbon neutral project to transform the village. <br></br> - Model Panchayat Citizens Charter: Prepared by Ministry of Panchayati Raj for service delivery. <br></br> - National Mobile Monitoring System (NMMS) App: For transparency in MGNREGS. <br></br> - Chhavirajavat: Harvard graduate who returned to work as Sarpanch. <br></br> - Madamakki Village: Adopted innovative methods for a circle at junction of roads. <br></br> - People’s Plan Campaign: ‘Sabki Yojana Sabka Vikas’ by Ministry of Panchayat Raj since 2018. <br></br> - Bijili Panchayats in Haryana: Encouraging consumers to pay arrears with government waiving off surcharge.
23
Q

Corruption/Scams

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  • Augusta Westland VVIP Chopper Deal. <br></br> - Narada Scam. <br></br> - Vyapam Scam. <br></br> - Rs 600-Crore Unipay2U Scam: People were cheated through Ponzi schemes.
24
Q

Transparency

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  • Padma Award Portal: To democratize the process. <br></br> - RTI Applications: Seeking information pertaining to PM CARES Fund stonewalled. <br></br> - Jan Soochna Portal of Rajasthan: First ever portal to provide information about government authorities and departments. <br></br> - Resignation of Kerala Higher Education Minister: Due to rounds of nepotism.
25
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Digitalization

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  • 2G Mobile Network: Installed in Vijaynagar, one of the remotest administrative circles in Arunachal Pradesh. <br></br> - Optical Fiber: Launched for A&N island. <br></br> - Smart Anganwadi App: For anganwadi teachers, Gujarat.
26
Q

Financial Inclusion

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  • Jharkhand Incident: Man carried his 100-year-old mother to bank for pension withdrawal. <br></br> - Odisha Incident: Woman dragged her 100-year-old mother in a cot to withdraw money. <br></br> - Haryana Govt Initiative: Distributed ‘Parivar Pehchan Patra’ for e-governance to access government schemes. <br></br> - Kerala Fiber Optical Network (KFON): Provides high-speed connectivity; Kerala is the only state to make right to access internet a basic right. <br></br> - First District Good Governance Index: Arunachal Pradesh. <br></br> - Andhra Pradesh: Imposed hefty fines on illegal sand sale and transportation.
27
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Police & Prison Reforms

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  • Tamil Nadu Custodial Deaths: Father-son duo arrested for lockdown violation. <br></br> - Police Officials Attack: Video footage of police attacking citizens during lockdown. <br></br> - Hyderabad Police Killing: Of 4 accused in the ‘Disha’ case. <br></br> - Encounter of Vikas Dubey. <br></br> - Bhondshi Jail Case: Nexus between inmates and jail officials.
28
Q

E-Governance

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  • Bhoomi Project: Online delivery of land records. <br></br> - Project FRIENDS in Kerala: Single window facility for tax payments and other dues. <br></br> - GIS-Based Property Tax Monitoring: By Surat Municipal Corporation. <br></br> - T Bhoobalan, IAS (Taxman of Tumakuru): Doorstep tax collection facility. <br></br> - CPGRAMS Portal: For lodging complaints against public servants. <br></br> - TS-iPASS: Telangana State Industrial Project Approval and Self-Certification System. <br></br> - Khajane Project in Karnataka: Online treasury computerization; tracks from state budget approval to rendering accounts. <br></br> - PRAGATI2.0: Integrated and interactive platform for overseeing government schemes, grievances, and projects through video conferencing. <br></br> - e-Bill Platform: Bringing all central ministries under it by 2024 for timely clearance of bills. <br></br> - MyGov.org: Draft schemes and policies put in public domain for feedback. <br></br> - E-parisaraa: Indigenous tech for extracting metals from printed circuit boards (e-waste). <br></br> - Digital India Bhashini Portal: 260 open-source AI models available for speech-to-text conversion. <br></br> - Srijan App: For defense export clearances. <br></br> - E-daakhil Portal: For consumer complaints. <br></br> - Akshaya Big Campaign: Document digitization; Wayanad becomes the first district to provide basic facilities like Aadhar to all tribal people. <br></br> - Delhi HC Hybrid E-Sewa Kendra: Enables litigants to seek info about their cases from any place. <br></br> - E-BIZ Project: Single window support for all queries related to business.
29
Q

Regulation, De-Regulation, Mis-Regulation

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  • Patanjali Ayurved’s Claim: Unchecked claim of a “cure” for COVID through Coronil. <br></br> - Amendments to UAPA Act and NIA Act. <br></br> - Planned Privatization: Of some services of Indian Railways. <br></br> - Opening Up of Coal Sector: Does away with end-use restriction. <br></br> - Recent Amendment: Deregulates commodities under Essential Commodities Act, 1955.
30
Q

Role of NGOs

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  • Association for Democratic Reforms (ADR): Focuses on human rights. <br></br> - Azad Foundation, CERA: A feminist organization building leadership in women. <br></br> - People’s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL): Advocates for right to food. <br></br> - Goonj: Relief activities during Rahat floods in Assam. <br></br> - Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan: Pioneering role in getting RTI law passed. <br></br> - Naz Foundation: Advocates for LGBT rights. <br></br> - Smile Foundation: Promotes education among the underprivileged. <br></br> - Helpage India: Focuses on concerns of elders like healthcare and pension. <br></br> - Reuters: Known as an unbiased NGO. <br></br> - Nanhi Kali: Founded by Anand Mahindra; supports education for underprivileged girls. <br></br> - Pratham: Founded by Madhav Chavan and Faride Lambe; works for quality education for underprivileged children. <br></br> - CRY (Child Rights and You): Helps restore children’s rights. <br></br> - PRS Legislative Research: Focuses on journalism, documentation, research, and awareness. <br></br> - Samata: Partnered with Gram Panchayat for implementation of FRA and CAMPA acts. <br></br> - Green Peace: Protested against Arctic oil drilling and
31
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Main Topic

A

Examples

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33
Q

Role of Civil Servants

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  • Umakant Umrao (Collector of Dewas) helped farmers in Madhya Pradesh by constructing 16,000 ponds to combat drought.<br></br>- Ritu Maheswari installed new electricity smart meters in Kanpur to tackle theft.<br></br>- P Narahari provided a barrier-free environment for people with disabilities.<br></br>- Smita Sabharwal initiated “Fund your city” in Warangal, Telangana, involving citizens in development.<br></br>- IPS Arif Shaikh started the Chuppi Todd campaign for women’s safety with a dedicated WhatsApp number.<br></br>- Devansh Yadav (IAS) empowered SHGs to start sanitary pad making and bamboo furniture units.
34
Q

Citizen Charter & Social Audit

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  • Delhi Transport Corporation focused on citizen charter awareness through brochures.<br></br>- Chandigarh demanded adoption of a citizen charter to reduce harassment.<br></br>- TISCO implemented a social audit in 1979.<br></br>- Meghalaya passed the Community Participation and Public Services Social Audit Act, 2017.<br></br>- Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS) conducts audits in Rajasthan.<br></br>- NGO in Andhra Pradesh promotes social audits.
35
Q

Self-Help Groups (SHGs)

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  • SHG volunteers assigned in PDS shops in Tamil Nadu.<br></br>- SEWA under Ela Bhatt organized women workers into groups.<br></br>- Kerala Kudumbashree provides training in banking and skills.<br></br>- Arunachal Pradesh marketing board helped women SHGs supply produce to army units.<br></br>- PM praised Khadki village SHG for ensuring tap connections.<br></br>- Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat have better empowered SHGs compared to Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.<br></br>- SHG members in Tamil Nadu trained as mental health counselors.<br></br>- Jharkhand’s SHG project provided employment to women.<br></br>- Kudumbashree’s initiatives include self-defense classes and food distribution.
36
Q

Role of Pressure Groups

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  • ASSOCHAM researched boosting agri-processing.<br></br>- Jharkhand Mukti Morcha empowers tribals, SC/ST women.<br></br>- Key pressure groups include FICCI, ASSOCHAM, CII, SIAM, AIKS, and Kisan Mazdoor Shakti Sangathan.<br></br>- Informal pressure groups: Cow vigilantes and communal groups.
37
Q

International Relations

A
  • Jacinda Ardern, PM of New Zealand, took her daughter to a UNGA meeting.<br></br>- Abiy Ahmed awarded Nobel Peace Prize for ending civil war.<br></br>- PM honored with highest civilian award of Papua New Guinea.<br></br>- Ammal Farhat: first female taxi driver in Saudi Arabia.<br></br>- Recent Iran protests over hijab issue.<br></br>- PM praised German Embassy’s celebration of Naatu Naatu.<br></br>- Germany introduced new feminist foreign policy.
38
Q

Miscellaneous

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  • iGOT Karmayogi platform for civil servants’ training.<br></br>- Arunachal Pradesh’s demand for 6th schedule status.<br></br>- 171 hospitals de-listed from PM-JAY due to fraud.<br></br>- Maharashtra’s SEBC Act provides quota to Maratha community.<br></br>- 2000 PACS to open Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Kendras.<br></br>- SCOMillets Food Festival in Mumbai.<br></br>- PM Gati Shakti NMP received PM’s Award for Excellence in Public Administration.<br></br>- India’s first National Centre of Excellence in Green Port & Shipping in Gurugram.<br></br>- Indian Railways completed 100% electrification of Odisha.<br></br>- UdyamAssist Platform to formalize informal micro enterprises.<br></br>- Sagar Manthan: Real-time performance monitoring dashboard.<br></br>- Youth Parliament Competitions organized by Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs.<br></br>- IAS Inayat Khan adopted two children of Pulwama martyr.<br></br>- CVigil app by ECI to report MCC violations.

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