Sulfonamides

Question 1

Sulfonamide prototype

Answer 1

Cotrimoxazole (Patient must drink enough water w/ Sulfonamides b/c they can crystallize in urine. )

Question 2

Cotrimoxazole indications

Answer 2

Treatment of urinary tract infection, acute otitis media in children, exacerbations of chronic bronchitis in adults, traveler’s diarrhea in adults, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia when caused by susceptible strains of bacteria.

Question 3

Cotrimoxazole actions

Answer 3

Blocks two consecutive steps in protein and nucleic acid production, leading to inability for cells to multiply.

Question 4

Cotrimoxazole route, onset, peak

Answer 4

Oral, rapid, 1-4 h

Question 5

Contrimoxazole T 1/2

Answer 5

8 to 10 hours; excreted in the urine.

Question 6

Cotrimoxazole adverse effects

Answer 6

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hepatocellular necrosis, hematuria, bone marrow suppression, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, rash, urticaria (hives), photophobia (eye discomfort in bright light), fever, chills.