STUDY HISTORY Flashcards
STUDY
What are the 3 essential questions when sourcing?
Who is behind the information?
What is the evidence?
What do other sources say? (Corroboration)
What do you want to know about the author?
-Their job/affiliation
-Their bias/ perspective on the issue
-Where their funding is from
-Their motive for writing the article.
When looking at the Saturday school example, what sources should we consult to decide if Saturday school should be mandatory?
-Benefits of breaks for kids/teachers.
-Religions Conflicts
-Importance of sleep
-Data from schools that use Saturday school.
-Extra Curricular conflict
-Test scores
-Who? Doctors/ parents/scientists/ religious leaders/ psychologists/ therapists/ teachers/ and community leaders.
What is lateral reading?
Leaving that source to learn about that source (open a new tab in google).
What should a article/paper have for evidence that their claim is reliable.
-Research Paper/Article
-Numerical Statistics
—> Chart
—> Graph
-Specific Examples
-Interviews/Serveys.
What is the problem with the internet?
-Anyone can post; Misinformation and disinformation spread.
-Info spreads quickly.
-Sponsor content affects the reliability.
When wondering what is the evidence, you should ask..
- Is there evidence?
-What is the source of the evidence?
-Does the evidence support the claim?
-What is missing?
-What could be better evidence?
What is a perspective?
Perspectives are shaped on background, knowledge, and how they encountered this issue.
What is a bias?
Bias is when you selectively accept or reject information based on their preexisting beliefs.
What is a example of a perspective?
How individuals have different thoughts about climate change.
Example of a bias
When a individual uses background knoll age as well as dismissing or ignoring certain information> contradictory viewpoints of scientific studies.
True or False? We should be suspicious of claims that have no evidence to back them up.
True.
is bias and perspective the same?
No; The difference of bias and perspective is subtle, but very important. Good critical thinker keeps a open mind by reading laterally.
What is misinformation?
False facts of inaccurate information that is mistakenly spread or passed.
What is disinformation?
Information that is deliberately false and inaccurate facts/information are spread on purpose with the intent of deception.
True or false? An opinion statement needs to provide proof.
False
If a source provides evidence, does that always meant the source is true or correct?
No
Where should the evidence that a source provides come from?
Another reliable source.
How can sources that support their claims with evidence in a way that allows us to trust the article?
-If their source was peer reviewed.
-If they interviewed someone with the authority, that was not apart of the study.
-If they cited from multiple sources.
What can help you recognize conspiracy theories?
-They do not provide evidence from reliable sources.
-They require thousands of people to be in on the conspiracy and keep the secret.
-They focus on supposedly unanswered questions.
Claims that provide evidence that is accurate and from a reliable source still may not be supported by the evidence because the evidence is…
Irrelevant and unrelated.
What is a spurious correlation?
The implied causal relationship between events that are coincidentally linked.
Claims on social media and the internet that vaccines cause autism are based on…
Spurious correlations
Why is it important to determine whether evidence is reliable and backs up the claim being made?
It impacts the quality of our decisions.
True or False: We HAVE to learn to trust experts outside ourselves even though they will be wrong some of the time because no one can become an expert in everything.
True
What does “authority” mean in this context?
The generally recognized knowledge or expertise of a source on a topic
To know if a source is a good source, you should laterally read about the source, which means…
You should leave the source to find out more about the source.
Which statement is true?
- Experts are more likely to be correct than “random people off the street”…or on the internet.
- Experts are ALWAYS correct.
1 is correct.
What BEST indicates that a person is an authority on a subject?
The person has education and experience in the subject.
Does the fact that a website posted a correction of a factual error in the article or video notes suggest that it is more credible or less credible?
More credible…people make mistakes, but if they are honest mistakes AND they try to correct those mistakes.
Should reputable sources acknowledge and explain mistakes?
Yes.
True or False? You should never believe a source if they say that they are conservative or liberal.
False; you should be aware of their perspective and how that perspective will affect their reporting.
Can you have a strong opinion and still be credible?
Yes.
