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Anya's Study Cards > Science- Body Systems > Flashcards

Science- Body Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is the skeletal system? What does it do?

A

It is a framework of bones that supports an organism’s body, protects its internal structures, and allows the body to move.

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2
Q

What are the structures that connect bones with other bones called?

A

ligaments

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3
Q

What bones protect the soft internal organs?

A

Skull and Ribs

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4
Q

What soft internal organs do the bones protect?

A

The skull protects the brain and the ribs form a cage that protects the lungs and heart.

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5
Q

What do other bones interact with? Why?

A

Other bones interact with muscles which provides movement.

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6
Q

What is the muscular system? What does it do?

A

The muscular system is made up of all the muscles in the human body. It helps the body move.

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7
Q

What are the skeletal and muscular systems like?

A

Body Systems

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8
Q

What is a body system?

A

A body system is a group of organs that works together to perform a particular function in the body.

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9
Q

What are organs?

A

An organ is a typically self-contained structure that carries out a particular function for the body.

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10
Q

Is a bone a organ?

A

A bone is an organ of the skeletal system.

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11
Q

Are tendons and ligaments organs?

A

They are other organs in the skeletal system.

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12
Q

What are 3 examples of organs in a body system?

A

brain, heart, and stomach

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13
Q

Can a single organ do the job of a entire body system?

A

No

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14
Q

What are biceps and triceps attached by on the bone?

A

Tendons

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15
Q

Explain how an arm can go from straight to bent. Make sure to explain what is happening to both the biceps and triceps in each position.

A

When the arm straightens the biceps relax and the triceps contract and shorten. When the arm bends the biceps contract and the triceps relax.

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16
Q

What does food give a person?

A

ENERGY!!!!

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17
Q

What does a organisms body run on?

A

An organism’s body runs on the energy stored in food.

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18
Q

Can the body use the energy found directly in food?

A

No

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19
Q

What is the digestive system?

A

It is the body system that breaks down food into substances that can be absorbed and used for energy and gets rid of the remaining solid waste that cannot be absorbed.

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20
Q

What is food mostly made up of?

A

substances called carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

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21
Q

What does the digestive system form?

A

a long tube from the mouth to the rectum.

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22
Q

What are the main organs of the digestive system?

A

the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum.

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23
Q

How many ways does digestion occur in the mouth?

A

2 different ways

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24
Q

what do your teeth do in the process of digestion?

A

Large food particles are split into smaller pieces by chewing, grinding, and mashing

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25
Q

what do your saliva do in the process of digestion?

A

breaks down food chemically- Chemical digestion changes the food into different substances through chemical reactions.

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26
Q

What does saliva specifically break down?

A

large carbohydrates into simpler sugars.

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27
Q

What does your tongue do during the digestion process?

A

Your tongue moves food around in your mouth and pushes food to the back of your throat.

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28
Q

How does the food move from the mouth to the esophagus?

A

Swallowing.

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29
Q

What is the esophagus?

A

the part of the digestive tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.

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30
Q

What do muscles do in the Esophagus

A

push the food into the stomach

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31
Q

What is the stomach?

A

A bag-like organ made of strong muscles.

32
Q

How does the food in the stomach get mixed and broken down?

A

The muscles in the stomach contract and relax

33
Q

Is the food easier or harder to digest when it is small?

A

Easier

34
Q

Where do the digestive juices come from in a stomach? What do they do?

A

The stomach makes the digestive juices, they chemically digest proteins.

35
Q

Where does the partially digested food go?

A

To the small intestine

36
Q

How long is the small intestine?

A

6 meters long in humans

37
Q

What does the small intestine do?

A

It absorbs most of the digested nutrients that have been broken down and transfers those nutrients to the blood stream.

38
Q

where does the blood transport the nutrients?

A

To the whole body

39
Q

What does the liver do?

A

produces digestive juices that break down fats

40
Q

What does the pancreas do?

A

produces digestive juices that continue to break down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins into even smaller substances.

41
Q

What materials go from the small intestine to the large intestine?

A

Materials that was not absorbed by the small intestine.

42
Q

What does the large intestine do?

A

It removes water. Most of what remains is waste.

43
Q

Where is the waste stored?

A

Waste is stored in the lower part of the large intestine, called the rectum, before it is eliminated from the body.

44
Q

Explain what would happen to a bite of food traveling through the digestive system from the mouth to the rectum. Name the organs, in order, that the food would travel through and a short description of what happens to the food in that organ.

A

Example: First the food would be broken down by the mouth by getting split into smaller pieces by your teeth and can be chemically broken down with your saliva. Your tongue pushes the food around your mouth and into your throat. Then after swallowing the food gets moved to the esophagus. The esophagus is a digestive tube that uses muscles to push down the food into the stomach. Your stomach is bag like and has a lot of strong muscles. Those muscles contract and relax causing the food to get mixed and broken down. The food that was partially digested gets moved to the small intestine. The small intestine absorbs the broken down nutrients that have been digested those nutrients get transferred to the blood stream. Then the materials that did not get absorbed in the small intestine gets moved into the large intestine. This is where the water gets removed and the materials remaining is waste. Now the waste gets stored in the lower part of the rectum.

45
Q

What is the Respiratory System?

A

the body system that brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide waste.

46
Q

What are the main organs of the respiratory system?

A

A pair of lungs

47
Q

How does carbon dioxide get formed?

A

When your running and more oxygen is needed.

48
Q

Is carbon dioxide good?

A

No , too much of it can become toxic.

49
Q

Where does the oxygen pass through to get to your lungs?

A

Nose and Mouth

50
Q

What does the oxygen go through to get to your lungs?

A

tubes

51
Q

What is at the end of the tubes when going to the lungs?

A

deep within the lungs, are many tiny air sacs that have very thin walls.

52
Q

Where does the entering lungs pass through?

A

passes from the tubes and through the walls of the air sacs

53
Q

Where does the oxygen that was in your lungs move to?

A

Into your blood where it gets carried all throughout your body.

54
Q

What is the circulatory system?

A

the body system made up of the heart and blood vessels that circulate blood through the body

55
Q

What moves the blood all around the body?

A

The pumping action of the heart muscle.

56
Q

What does the arteries do?

A

Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

57
Q

What do veins do?

A

Veins carry blood to the heart from the rest of the body.

58
Q

What else can blood transport besides oxygen?

A

blood can transport nutrients and waste from all over the body to where it can be used or removed.

59
Q

Both the respiratory and circulatory systems are important for providing oxygen to all parts of your body. How do they work together to accomplish this goal? Make sure to mention where in the body the respiratory and circulatory systems interact.

A

The respiratory system uses the oxygen from outside by going through your mouth and nose into your lungs through tubes. Then the oxygen that is in your lungs goes through tubes and through the thin walls into your blood. This is where the circulatory system interacts with the respiratory system. It uses the oxygen collected by the respiratory system from the lungs and it allows the oxygen to get circulated throughout your body by getting pumped by your heart.

60
Q

What is the excretory system

A

is the body system that gets rid of wastes.

61
Q

Do some of the organs of the excretory system also belong to other body systems?

A

Yes.

62
Q

What other system besides the excretory system releases waste?

A

The digestive system (after the nutrients from digestion are absorbed, so the large intestine, including the rectum, is part of both the digestive and excretory systems) also the respitory system gets rid of waster by getting rid of the carbon dioxide.

63
Q

Are lungs are part of the excretory system as well as the respiratory system

A

Yes, they function to take in oxygen, but they also get rid of gas wastes such as water vapor and carbon dioxide.

64
Q

What are two of the important functions of the excretory system?

A

Getting rid of waste and regulating the amount of water in your body.

65
Q

How does the urinary system help get rid of waste?

A

It helps to get rid of liquid waste by filtering the blood, as well as regulating the amount of water in the body.

66
Q

Is the urinary system apart of the excretory system?

A

Yes

67
Q

What are the major organs of the excretory system?

A

Bladder and kidney

68
Q

What do the kidneys do in the excretory system?

A

As blood flows through the kidneys, they filter out most of the materials that are dissolved in the blood. Some of the materials, such as nutrients and water, are returned to the blood, but wastes are not and The kidneys keep the amount of water in the body constant by controlling how much water is returned to the blood.

69
Q

Where does the clean blood go after getting filtered through the kidney?

A

to the heart through veins

70
Q

where does the excess water and waste in the excretory system go?

A

The excess water and wastes travel to the bladder

71
Q

What is the bladder?

A

A hollow bag made out of muscle that stores wastes are urine.

72
Q

How does the urine get out of the body?

A

By a tube at the end of the bladder.

73
Q

Name three kinds of waste that the body will get rid of through the excretory system.

A

Water vapor, Carbon Dioxide, Solid Waste.

74
Q

Do all of the body systems have to interact to make a functional body?

A

Yes

75
Q

Just remember this:

A

All the body systems have to interact to make a functional body. You have learned that to run, the body uses muscles to move bones. Because muscles need energy, a runner needs to eat food, which is broken up into nutrients by the digestive system. The nutrients are carried from the digestive systems to the muscles using the circulatory system. In the muscles, energy is released from the nutrients in chemical reactions that use oxygen. Oxygen is delivered to the muscles by the respiratory and circulatory systems. The lungs take in oxygen from the air, where it is transferred to the blood. The heart muscle contracts to pump that oxygen-rich blood to the whole body. While traveling through the body, the blood picks up waste, like carbon dioxide, and brings it to the organs of the excretory system, like the lungs, where it can be removed from the body.

Anya's Study Cards (19 decks)

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