Study Guide Review questions Flashcards
Which of the following are organ systems of the body?
skeletal
Integumentary
Endocrine
Nervous
All of these
All of these
Rank the following in order from smallest to largest
organ
organ system
atom
tissue cell
Organ system
organ
tissue
cell
atom
Which of the following incorrectly pairs a body system to a basic function?
Digestive system: cleansing blood
Endocrine system: detection of pathogens
Muscular system: control of body openings
Skeletal system: blood formation
Endocrine system: detection of pathogens
In what body cavity are kidneys located?
Thoracic
vertebra;
pelvic
abdominal
Abdominal pain
Which statement best describes the difference between the visceral and parietal layers of serous membrane?
The parietal layers is directly attached to the organ while the visceral layer lines the body cavity
The visceral layer is found only within the pericardium
The visceral layer is directly attached to the organ while the parietal layer lines the body cavity
The parietal layer is found only within the pericardium
The visceral layer is directly attached to the organ while the parietal layer lines the body cavity
Which of the following is a limitation of the scanning electron microscope (SEM)?
It produces 3-D images
Unable to see through an object
Unable to view the plasma membrane
Extremely expensive
Unable to see through an object
Plasma membranes are compose of lipid and protein molecules. What are the two main categories of membrane proteins we discussed in class?
Cholesterol and integral
Peripheral and integral
Transmembrane and peripheral
Glycocalyx and enzymes
Peripheral and integral
What is an important characteristic of desmosomes?
enables skin to resist mechanical stress
Easy transport of substances for cell communication
Prevents substances from passing between the cells
enables skin to resist mechanical stress
Which of the following organelles are correctly paired with their proper function?
Nucleus: genetic control center
Peroxisomes: detoxification
Ribosomes: protein assembly
Lysosomes: Apoptosis
Mitochondria: generates ATP
All of these
All of these
All of the following are ways of transport across a cell membrane except:
Simple diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Apoptosis
Filtration
Osmosis
Apoptosis
Which of the following would contain the greatest amount of connective tissue?
Small intestines
Tongue
Ear lobe
Palms of hand
Ear lobe
The vagina of a young girl is lined with ________. At puberty, the tissue undergoes _______ and changes to _________.
Simple cuboidal epithelium, Metaplasia, Stratified squamous epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium, Metaplasia, Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium, dysplasia, Stratified squamous epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium, metaplasia, pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium, Metaplasia, Stratified squamous epithelium
All of the following describe skeletal muscle except
Voluntary control
it is a subtype of connective tissue
it is multinucleated
All of these describe skeletal muscle
it is a subtype of connective tissue
Which of the following is not related to nervous tissue?
Neuron
Neurosoma
High regenerative capacity
Axon
Specialized communication
High regenerative capacity
Which of the following best defines hypertrophy?
Growth through cell multiplication
Enlargement of preexisting cells
Development of a tumor
Mature tissue changes to another type of mature tissue
Development of a more specialized form
Enlargement of preexisting cells
Eccrine and Apocrine glands are a type of cutaneous gland
True or False
True
Concerning the two layers of the skin, the _______ is superficial to the _______.
Dermis, epidermis
Dermis, Hypodermis
Epidermis, Dermis
Hypodermis, Dermis
Epidermis, Dermis
Most sunburns are considered to be
Common areas of squamous cell carcinoma
A first degree burn
A precursor to melanoma
Damaging to the dermis layer of the skin
A first degree burn
Which of the following is correct regarding the stratum lucidum layer?
Lacks organelles
Contains keratinized and dead cells
Where mitosis takes place
Deepest layer
Lacks organelles
Hirsutism is the thinning and loss of hair resulted from genetic and hormonal influences
True of False
False
Muscle growth within a fully grown adult male bodybuilder is mainly due to hypertrophy
True or False
True
What are the small channels osteocytes use to communicate with each other?
Matrix
Nutrient canals
Perforating canals
Trabeculae
Canaliculi
Canaliculi
What is uninucleate, mineralizes bone, and secretes collagenous fibers?
Osteogenic cells
Osteoblasts
Interstitial Lamellae
Osteocytes
None of these
Osteoblasts
In growing long bone the ______ refers to the part of the ________ that is adjacent to the growth plate and lies between the two epiphyses.
Diaphysis, endosteum
Metaphysis, diaphysis
Endosteum, diaphysis
Medullary cavity, metaplasia
Metaphysis, diaphysis
How many paranasal sinuses are present within the paranasal cavity?
4
7
12
8
9
5
8
At what point in development does the cartilage of the epiphyseal plate get consumed and leave behind the epiphyseal line?
Child hood (6-12)
Adolescence/puberty (ages 12-18)
adulthood (early 20’s)
The epiphyseal plate is always present
adulthood (early 20’s)
Which statement is true?
The mandible is part of the neurocranium and is composes of two bones that are fused together
The sphenoid bone is unpaired and found in the viscerocranium
The palatine bone is paired and found in the neurocranium
The parietal is paired and is part of the facial bones
None of these
None of these
A typical newborn baby has bout _____ bones. As they develop this number _______
240, is cut in half
206, increases
255, doubles
270, decreases
208, stays the same
270, decreases
Which of the following sutures border each parietal bone?
coronal
lambdoid
squamous
sagittal
all of these
all of these
All of the following are true regarding an intervertebral disc except
There are 23 discs within the vertebral column
The anulus fibrosus is surrounded by the nucleus pulpous
A herniated disc is the result of a crack in the anulus fibrosis
ALL discs lie between vertebrae and act as shock absorbers
All of these are true
The anulus fibrosus is surrounded by the nucleus pulpous
Which of the following are common among all of the three types of muscle tissue (cardiac, smooth, skeletal)
Involuntary
Voluntary
High capacity of regeneration
Attached to bone
None of these
None of these
Which one of these molecules are proteins associated with thin myofilaments?
Actin
Troponin
Fibrous Actin
Tropomyosin
All of these
All of these
All of the following properly characterize myoblasts except
Fibrous protein strands that carry out the contraction process
Organized array of actin and myofilament
segment of myofibril from one Z disc to the next
None of these
segment of myofibril from one Z disc to the next
Which of the following ions is critical for muscle contraction?
Ca2+
N3-
H+
I
Ca2+
An abundance of myoglobin is a characteristic of which type of muscle fiber?
Slow oxidative
Fast glycolytic
both of these
Neither of these
Slow oxidative
Which is a movement of diarthroses?
Dorsiflexion
Depression
Abduction
Inversion
All of these
All of these
Which of these are not a part of a synovial joint?
Hyaline cartilage
Articular cartilage
Articular capsule
Meniscus
Hyaline cartilage
Which of these is not a major class of joints?
Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Sutures
Diarthroses
Sutures
What is the immoveable joint that holds the bones of the skull together?
Sutures
Syndesmosis
Gomphosis
Symphysis
Sutures
What planes can the glenohumeral joint move in?
X
Y
Z
All of these
All of these
Within a given muscle, what connective tissue is the shallowest?
Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium
Epimysium
What is the definition of an agonist in the muscular system?
The muscle that produces the most force during an action
The muscle that opposes the prime mover
A muscle that prevents a bone from moving
A molecules that provides energy for muscle contration
A muscle that may stabilize a joint or modify t=its direction of movement at at the joint
The muscle that produces the most force during an action
If a muscle acts on the hand and doesn’t originate in the hand, it is considered what kind of muscle?
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Convergent
Synergistic
Antagonistic
Extrinsic
Why are the attachment points of a muscle no longer referred as an origin or insertion?
The moving and nonmoving ends of muscle may change with different actions
It was too difficult to memorize them
A muscles origin or insertion can vary in different people
A muscles origin or insertion changes over a persons lifetime
They were too long and therefore eliminated
The moving and nonmoving ends of muscle may change with different actions
How does force relate to levers?
As force increases, speed or distance increases
As force increases, speed decreases and distance decreases
As force increases, speed and distance increases
As force increases, speed or distance increases
