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Anatomy Lecture > Study Guide Review questions > Flashcards

Study Guide Review questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following are organ systems of the body?

skeletal
Integumentary
Endocrine
Nervous
All of these

A

All of these

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2
Q

Rank the following in order from smallest to largest

organ
organ system
atom
tissue cell

A

Organ system
organ
tissue
cell
atom

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3
Q

Which of the following incorrectly pairs a body system to a basic function?

Digestive system: cleansing blood
Endocrine system: detection of pathogens
Muscular system: control of body openings
Skeletal system: blood formation

A

Endocrine system: detection of pathogens

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4
Q

In what body cavity are kidneys located?

Thoracic
vertebra;
pelvic
abdominal

A

Abdominal pain

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5
Q

Which statement best describes the difference between the visceral and parietal layers of serous membrane?

The parietal layers is directly attached to the organ while the visceral layer lines the body cavity

The visceral layer is found only within the pericardium

The visceral layer is directly attached to the organ while the parietal layer lines the body cavity

The parietal layer is found only within the pericardium

A

The visceral layer is directly attached to the organ while the parietal layer lines the body cavity

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6
Q

Which of the following is a limitation of the scanning electron microscope (SEM)?

It produces 3-D images

Unable to see through an object

Unable to view the plasma membrane

Extremely expensive

A

Unable to see through an object

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7
Q

Plasma membranes are compose of lipid and protein molecules. What are the two main categories of membrane proteins we discussed in class?

Cholesterol and integral

Peripheral and integral

Transmembrane and peripheral

Glycocalyx and enzymes

A

Peripheral and integral

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8
Q

What is an important characteristic of desmosomes?

enables skin to resist mechanical stress

Easy transport of substances for cell communication

Prevents substances from passing between the cells

A

enables skin to resist mechanical stress

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9
Q

Which of the following organelles are correctly paired with their proper function?

Nucleus: genetic control center
Peroxisomes: detoxification
Ribosomes: protein assembly
Lysosomes: Apoptosis
Mitochondria: generates ATP
All of these

A

All of these

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10
Q

All of the following are ways of transport across a cell membrane except:

Simple diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Apoptosis
Filtration
Osmosis

A

Apoptosis

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11
Q

Which of the following would contain the greatest amount of connective tissue?

Small intestines

Tongue

Ear lobe

Palms of hand

A

Ear lobe

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12
Q

The vagina of a young girl is lined with ________. At puberty, the tissue undergoes _______ and changes to _________.

Simple cuboidal epithelium, Metaplasia, Stratified squamous epithelium

Stratified squamous epithelium, Metaplasia, Simple cuboidal epithelium

Simple cuboidal epithelium, dysplasia, Stratified squamous epithelium

Simple cuboidal epithelium, metaplasia, pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium, Metaplasia, Stratified squamous epithelium

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13
Q

All of the following describe skeletal muscle except

Voluntary control

it is a subtype of connective tissue

it is multinucleated

All of these describe skeletal muscle

A

it is a subtype of connective tissue

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14
Q

Which of the following is not related to nervous tissue?

Neuron
Neurosoma
High regenerative capacity
Axon
Specialized communication

A

High regenerative capacity

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15
Q

Which of the following best defines hypertrophy?

Growth through cell multiplication

Enlargement of preexisting cells

Development of a tumor

Mature tissue changes to another type of mature tissue

Development of a more specialized form

A

Enlargement of preexisting cells

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16
Q

Eccrine and Apocrine glands are a type of cutaneous gland

True or False

A

True

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17
Q

Concerning the two layers of the skin, the _______ is superficial to the _______.

Dermis, epidermis

Dermis, Hypodermis

Epidermis, Dermis

Hypodermis, Dermis

A

Epidermis, Dermis

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18
Q

Most sunburns are considered to be

Common areas of squamous cell carcinoma

A first degree burn

A precursor to melanoma

Damaging to the dermis layer of the skin

A

A first degree burn

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19
Q

Which of the following is correct regarding the stratum lucidum layer?

Lacks organelles

Contains keratinized and dead cells

Where mitosis takes place

Deepest layer

A

Lacks organelles

20
Q

Hirsutism is the thinning and loss of hair resulted from genetic and hormonal influences

True of False

A

False

21
Q

Muscle growth within a fully grown adult male bodybuilder is mainly due to hypertrophy

True or False

A

True

22
Q

What are the small channels osteocytes use to communicate with each other?

Matrix

Nutrient canals

Perforating canals

Trabeculae

Canaliculi

A

Canaliculi

23
Q

What is uninucleate, mineralizes bone, and secretes collagenous fibers?

Osteogenic cells

Osteoblasts

Interstitial Lamellae

Osteocytes

None of these

A

Osteoblasts

24
Q

In growing long bone the ______ refers to the part of the ________ that is adjacent to the growth plate and lies between the two epiphyses.

Diaphysis, endosteum

Metaphysis, diaphysis

Endosteum, diaphysis

Medullary cavity, metaplasia

A

Metaphysis, diaphysis

25
Q

How many paranasal sinuses are present within the paranasal cavity?

4
7
12
8
9
5

A

8

26
Q

At what point in development does the cartilage of the epiphyseal plate get consumed and leave behind the epiphyseal line?

Child hood (6-12)

Adolescence/puberty (ages 12-18)

adulthood (early 20’s)

The epiphyseal plate is always present

A

adulthood (early 20’s)

27
Q

Which statement is true?

The mandible is part of the neurocranium and is composes of two bones that are fused together

The sphenoid bone is unpaired and found in the viscerocranium

The palatine bone is paired and found in the neurocranium

The parietal is paired and is part of the facial bones

None of these

A

None of these

28
Q

A typical newborn baby has bout _____ bones. As they develop this number _______

240, is cut in half

206, increases

255, doubles

270, decreases

208, stays the same

A

270, decreases

29
Q

Which of the following sutures border each parietal bone?

coronal

lambdoid

squamous

sagittal

all of these

A

all of these

30
Q

All of the following are true regarding an intervertebral disc except

There are 23 discs within the vertebral column

The anulus fibrosus is surrounded by the nucleus pulpous

A herniated disc is the result of a crack in the anulus fibrosis

ALL discs lie between vertebrae and act as shock absorbers

All of these are true

A

The anulus fibrosus is surrounded by the nucleus pulpous

31
Q

Which of the following are common among all of the three types of muscle tissue (cardiac, smooth, skeletal)

Involuntary
Voluntary
High capacity of regeneration
Attached to bone
None of these

A

None of these

32
Q

Which one of these molecules are proteins associated with thin myofilaments?

Actin
Troponin
Fibrous Actin
Tropomyosin
All of these

A

All of these

33
Q

All of the following properly characterize myoblasts except

Fibrous protein strands that carry out the contraction process

Organized array of actin and myofilament

segment of myofibril from one Z disc to the next

None of these

A

segment of myofibril from one Z disc to the next

34
Q

Which of the following ions is critical for muscle contraction?

Ca2+
N3-
H+
I

A

Ca2+

35
Q

An abundance of myoglobin is a characteristic of which type of muscle fiber?

Slow oxidative
Fast glycolytic
both of these
Neither of these

A

Slow oxidative

36
Q

Which is a movement of diarthroses?

Dorsiflexion
Depression
Abduction
Inversion
All of these

A

All of these

37
Q

Which of these are not a part of a synovial joint?

Hyaline cartilage
Articular cartilage
Articular capsule
Meniscus

A

Hyaline cartilage

38
Q

Which of these is not a major class of joints?

Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Sutures
Diarthroses

A

Sutures

39
Q

What is the immoveable joint that holds the bones of the skull together?

Sutures
Syndesmosis
Gomphosis
Symphysis

A

Sutures

40
Q

What planes can the glenohumeral joint move in?

X
Y
Z
All of these

A

All of these

41
Q

Within a given muscle, what connective tissue is the shallowest?

Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium

A

Epimysium

42
Q

What is the definition of an agonist in the muscular system?

The muscle that produces the most force during an action

The muscle that opposes the prime mover

A muscle that prevents a bone from moving

A molecules that provides energy for muscle contration

A muscle that may stabilize a joint or modify t=its direction of movement at at the joint

A

The muscle that produces the most force during an action

43
Q

If a muscle acts on the hand and doesn’t originate in the hand, it is considered what kind of muscle?

Intrinsic

Extrinsic

Convergent

Synergistic

Antagonistic

A

Extrinsic

44
Q

Why are the attachment points of a muscle no longer referred as an origin or insertion?

The moving and nonmoving ends of muscle may change with different actions

It was too difficult to memorize them

A muscles origin or insertion can vary in different people

A muscles origin or insertion changes over a persons lifetime

They were too long and therefore eliminated

A

The moving and nonmoving ends of muscle may change with different actions

45
Q

How does force relate to levers?

As force increases, speed or distance increases

As force increases, speed decreases and distance decreases

As force increases, speed and distance increases

A

As force increases, speed or distance increases

Anatomy Lecture (11 decks)

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