Study Guide Heart Flashcards
Cadiovascular system
system that supplies blood to the organs of the body
Pulmonary system
serves to exchange CO2 for O2 in the lungs
Systemic system
delivers O2 and nutrients to organs
removes waste products
Heart
located mediastinum between lungs
30grams 9 cm wide 13 cm from base to apex
Heart chambers
R Atrium
L atrium
R Ventricle
L Ventricle
R Atrium
receives de-oxygenated blood
pumps to R ventricle
R Ventricle
pumps blood to pulmonary system
L Atrium
receives oxygenated blood
pumps to L ventricle
L Ventricle
pumps to systemic system
Heart surface
enclosed in pericardial sac
epicardium
pericardial cavity containing pericardial fluid
heart valves
R AV (tricuspid)
L AV (bicuspid, Mitrol)
Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve
R AV
Tricuspid valve
opesn to allow flow from R atrium
closes to prevent back flow
L AV
bicuspid
mitrol
opens to allow flow from L atrium
closes to prevent backflow
Aortic valve
opens to allow flow from L ventricle allow flow to the systemic circuit
pulmonary valve
opens to allow flow to the pulmonary circuit
Coronary circulatoin
circulation of blood supply to the heart itself
Coronary arteries
Left coronary artery
anterior interventricular
circumflex branches
left marginal branch
Right coronary artery
right marginal
posterior interventricular branch
myocardial infarction
heart attack
Death of heart muscle
caused by blockage of coronary arteries
cardiac conduction system
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Sinoatrial node
SA
sets rhythm of heart
signals spread to the AV node
Atrioventricular node
AV
signals travel through
AV bundle
Right/left bundle branches
purkinje fibers to ventricular myoccytes
cardica muscle histology
striated cells
single nucleus
poor sarcoplasmic reticulum
large T-tubles
large abundant mitochondria
intercolated discs
Intercellular junctions of myocytes
allow for conduction of electrical signals from cell to cell
autonomic innervation of heart
modifies heart rate and contraction force
systole
contraction of myocardium
diastole
relaxation of myocardium
Cardiac cycle
chambers relaxed and blood filling heart filling atria and ventricles
SA node fires contracting atria completing fill of ventricles
AV node fires contracting ventricles and sending blood to pulmonary artery and aorta
P wave
atrial systole
atrial depolarization (ON)
QRS complex
ventricular depolarization (ON)
atrial polarization (OFF)
T wave
Ventricluar polarization (OFF)
fetal heart structure
Foramen ovlae
ductus arteriosus
fetal blood flow
most blood bypasses lungs via the foramen ovale between L\R atria
Ductus arteriosus between pulmonary artery and aortic arch
