Chapter 14 Study guide Flashcards
Spinal cord functions
conducts signals up and down the body
contains central pattern generators that control
locomotion
mediates reflexes
Spinal meninges
dura mater
arachnoid mater
pis mater
dura mater
in spinal column called dural sheath
epidural space
exists between dura mater and vertebral bone
subarachnoid space filled with CSF
pis mater
denticulate ligaments that anchor it to the dura
coccygeal ligament anchors cord to the coccyx
Spinal cord structure
gray matter
white matter
Gray matter
located deep to the white matter
contains cell bodies
dendrites
synapses
white matter
superficial to the gray matter
nerve fibers (axons)
posterior horn
gray matter
receives sensory nerve fibers from dorasl root
anterior horn
gray matter
contains cell bodies that give rise to motor nerve fibers in ventral root
lateral horn
gray matter
throacic and lumbar regions contains cell bodies of sympathetic neurons
white matter
dorsal
lateral
ventral columns
ascenting tracts
white matter
carry sensory information up to the brain
descending tracts
white matter
carry motor commands from the brain to the effectors
Nerve
cord composed of nerve fibers (axons) and connective tissue
ganglion
swelling along the course of a nerve containing cell bodies or peripheral neurons
nerve structure
(deep to superficial)
nerve fiber enclosed in endoneurium
bundled in fasciles
separated by perineurium
epineurium covers the entire nerve
spinal nerves
31 total pairs
cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacral
coccygeal
cervical nerves
8
thoracic nerves
12
lumbar nerves
5
sacral nerves
5
coccygeal nerves
1
nerve plexuses
Cervical
brachial
lumbar
sacral
coccygeal
reflex
quick
involuntary
stereotyped reaction to stimulus
reflex types
visceral
somatic
visceral reflex
reactions of glands
cardiac/smooth muscle
controlled by autonomic nervous system
somatic reflex
response of skeletal muscle
controlled by somatic nervous system
somatic reflex arcs
sensory (afferent) nerve
integrating center (interneurion)
motor (efferent) nerve
