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Anatomy 205 > Chapter 25 Study Guide > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Urinary system organs

A

kidneys (2)

ureters (2)

urinary bladder

urethra

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3
Q

kidney functions

A

filter blood plasma

separater waste from want

regulate blood volume and pressure

control blood osmolarity

secrete renin

erythropoientin

calcitriol

regulate blood pH

carry out gluconeogenesis in times of starvation

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4
Q

Excretion

A

process of isolating wastes from the body fluids and eliminating them

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5
Q

Nitrogenous wastes

A

urea

uric acid

nucleic acid

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6
Q

kidney location

A

against the posterior abdominal wall at level of T12 to L 3

RT kidney slightly lower due to space occupied by the liver above it

They are retroperitoneal

adrenal gland lies superior

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7
Q

kidney appearance

A

gland consisting of more than 1 million nephrons

medial surface has slit (hilum) where blood vessels, nerves and the ureter enter and exit

kidney bean shaped in physical appearance

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8
Q

blood flow through kidney

input to filtration

A

renal artery

segmental artery

interlobar artery

arcuate artery

interlobular arteries

afferent arteriole

glomerulus

efferent arteriole

peritubular capillaries

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9
Q

blood flow through kidney

filtration to output

A

peritubular capillaries

vasa recta

interlobular veins

arcuate vein

interlobar vein

renal vein

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10
Q

funtion of nephron

A

receives blood and filters it of waste material

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11
Q

structure of nephron

A

glomerular capsule

nephron loop

proximal convoluted tubule

distal convoluted tubule

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12
Q

Filtration

A

process of removing elements of the blood

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13
Q

reabsorption

A

removes useful solutes from the waste and returns them to the blood

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14
Q

secretion

A

the release of a chemical by a cell or gland

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15
Q

PCT renal tubule function

A

tubular reabsorption

tubular secretion

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16
Q

DCT renal tubule function

A

reabsorption of sodium

clacium

chloride

and water

secretes

potassium

hydrogen

17
Q

PCT absorbed chemicals

A

sodium

potassium

magnesium

phosphate

chloride

bicarbonate

glucose

amino acids

lactate

protein

smaller peptides

urea

uris acid

18
Q

PCT secretions

A

hydrogen

bicarbonite ions

ammonia

urea

uric acid

creatine

bile acids

some drugs (aspirin, penicillin and morphine)

19
Q

ureter anatomy

A

tube about 25cm long

posterior to the bladder and enters from below

3 layers

adventitia

muscularis

mucosa

20
Q

urinary bladder anatomy

A

muscular sac

highly distensible

holds up to 800mL of urine

detrusor muscle

rugae

trigone

21
Q

Urethra anatomy

A

internal sphincter

external sphincter

external urethra orifice

female

3-4 cm long

male

15cm long

Anatomy 205 (44 decks)

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