Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Study Guide > Flashcards

Study Guide Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

cell theory

A

a. All Living things are made of cells.
b. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
c. All cells come from other living cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

Cellular Respiration is the process where animal & plant cells use oxygen
to break down glucose & release energy in the mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Photosynthesis is the process where plant cells use sunlight, water & CO2
to make glucose in the chloroplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Homeostasis

A

Homeostasis-maintaining a stable internal environment (temp, pH, pressure,
heart rate) ex.-shivering or bird fluffing feathers to stay warm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Respiratory Functions

A

Respiratory system exchanges O2 & CO2 in lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Circulatory System Functions(capillaries too)

A

Circulatory system transports O2 & CO2, food & water to & from cells
-Capillaries-The capillaries allow oxygen and materials to diffuse easily
from one place to another, and they allow wastes to diffuse out and be
carried away.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

asexual

A

reproduction-don’t need a mate, quicker, offspring are identical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sexual

A

reproduction-need to find mate, takes longer, genetic
variation-offspring share traits from both parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Learned-behaviors

A

that have to be taught & learned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Instinct-behavior

A

that doesn’t have to be taught, rather is programmed in
DNA; ex-bird building a nest is an instinct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

internal

A

fertilization-male fertilizes female eggs inside her body;
-Internal fertilization relies less on random chance than external
fertilization.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

External

A

External fertilization-male fertilizes female eggs outside her body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Placenta(l mammals)

A

Nutrients and gases are passed between the mother and the embryo by a
placenta to support the embryo’s growth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tropisms

A

A plant’s response to a stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Negative Gravitropism

A

Gravitropism-plant will grow up against gravity when knocked on
side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Phototropism

A

Phototropism-plant growing toward the light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cell Functions

A

a. Bring in nutrients & water
b. Obtain Energy
c. Get rid of wastes
d. Reproduce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cell Membrane Functions

A

Selectively Permeable-It allows some substances to move in and out, and
it keeps others out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cell Division or Mitosis-

A

12.Cell Division or Mitosis-Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase,
Telophase
a. Results in two identical daughter cells
b. If the nuclear membrane didn’t break apart before dividing…The
chromosomes would not be able to move to opposite ends of the cell,
resulting in uneven distribution between the daughter cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Levels of Organization in living things

A

Cells→ Tissues→ Organs→ Systems→ Organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Autotroph

A

Autotroph-”producers” make their own food (glucose) by using water,CO2,
& light thru process of photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

heterotroph

A

Heterotroph-”consumer” must eat other organisms to obtain energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

exhaling

A

15.Exhaling-removes wastes products (CO2) from your body during cellular
respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Parental Strategies for more advanced animals

A

More advanced organisms-internal fert., fewer offspring, longer parental
care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Parental Strategies for Less Advanced animals

A

Less advanced organisms-external fert., more offspring, less or no
parental care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Muscle and Skeletal System connections

A

Muscles attach to and pull & push on bones in skeletal system to allow
movement

26
Q

asexual (plant)

A

A piece of plant or bud grows into a new plant

27
Q

sexual plant

A

involves tranfer of pollen from one flower to another

28
Q

Limiting Factors

A

a. Factors that kill members of a species or keep a population from growing
b. Often prevent a population from growing above its carrying capacity for
long
c. Ex.-predators, competition, disease, drought, natural disasters

29
Q

Biodiversity

A

20.Biodiversity-increases with abundant resources and decreases when resources
are scarce

30
Q

Niche

A

21.Niche: a specific role an organism plays in its environment
a. Panda has a narrow niche by only eating bamboo-with low biodiversity this
can lead to extinction

31
Q

Keystone Species

A

22.Keystone species: a species that greatly impacts or affects other species in its
ecosystem; ex.- horseshoe crab, wolf

32
Q

Non-renewable resource

A

23.Non-renewable Resource: a resource that forms from the remains of swamp
organisms formed a long time ago & which there is only so much available; ex.
coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear

33
Q

Food Web

A

24.Food Web-base of food web is made of producers; all energy originally comes
from the sun

34
Q

Energy Pyramid

A

25.Energy Pyramid- 10% energy loss as you move up the pyramid

35
Q

Importance of Decomposers

A

26.Importance of Decomposers: decomposers recycle nutrients in waste products
and the remains of dead organisms back into the ecosystem so no energy or
matter is lost

36
Q

emigrate

A

27.Emigrate: to move out of an ecosystem = decrease population

37
Q

Abiotic vs biotic

A

28.Abiotic vs Biotic Factors:
a. Abiotic = non-living-ex. light, water, temp., O2, CO2, soil,
b. Biotic = living or once living-ex. plants, animals

38
Q

water cycle

A

29.Water Cycle:the continual movement of water thru Earth & atmosphere;
a. Evaporation-liquid to gas (oceans to atmosphere)
b. Condensation-gas to liquid (clouds)
c. Precipitation-water falling from clouds (rain, snow, sleet, hail)

39
Q

Carbon Cycle

A

30.Carbon Cycle-producers use carbon to make food, consumers take in carbon
from organisms they eat & decomposers break down remains & release carbon

40
Q

Primary vs. Secondary succession

A

31.Primary vs. Secondary Succession-secondary succession happens in an area
that already has soil & organisms

41
Q

Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms

A

32.Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms:
a. Main differences are reproductive strategies
b. Gymnopsperms-non-flowering, naked seeds, wind to transfer pollen
c. Angiosperms-flowering, seeds inside fruit/pod, use pollinators

42
Q

homeostasis

A

the process that keeps internal conditions in the normal state

43
Q

Stimuli

A

a change in the environment that triggers a response

44
Q

impulse

A

a message carried by a neuron

45
Q

which human body systems remove wastes

A
  1. excretory
  2. respiratory
  3. digestive
  4. integumentary
  5. circulatory
  6. muscular
46
Q

urea

A

a component of urine, a chemical produced from the breakdown of proteins

47
Q

circulatory system functions

A

transport oxygen and other nutrients to different parts of the body, transports wastes, fights infection

48
Q

respiratory system functions

A

exchanges 02 and c02 in lungs

49
Q

capillaries

A

smallest vessels in the circulatory system

50
Q

how do plants use asexual reproduction

A

runners, potato eyes, tubers

51
Q

how do animals use asexual reproduction

A

budding, fragmentation w/ regeneration

52
Q

disadvantages of sexual reproduction

A

more time and energy required, need to find a mate

53
Q

advantages of sexual reproduction

A

genetic diversity

54
Q

genetic variation

A

genetic diversity, many different alleles present

55
Q

mating system

A

/combination of mates

56
Q

instinct

A

a behavior performed correctly without being taught it

57
Q

reflex

A

an action performed automatically in response to a stimulus

58
Q

tropism

A

a growth response in plants

59
Q

5 types of tropisms

A
  1. pos. gravitropism: roots grow down
  2. neg. gravitropism: stem grows up
  3. Phototropism : plants grow towards light
  4. hydrotropism : plants grow toward water
  5. thigmatropism: leaves closing when touched
60
Q

fertilization

A

an egg + sperm cell = zygote to embryo

61
Q

2 types of fertilization

A

internal and external

62
Q

placenta functions

A

gives nutrients to embryo, removes wastes, temporary organ

63
Q

amniotic egg functions

A

protection for developing embryo
yolk gives nutrients to the embryo

Science (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions