Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Study Guide > Flashcards

Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

cell theory

A

a. All Living things are made of cells.
b. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
c. All cells come from other living cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

Cellular Respiration is the process where animal & plant cells use oxygen
to break down glucose & release energy in the mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Photosynthesis is the process where plant cells use sunlight, water & CO2
to make glucose in the chloroplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Homeostasis

A

Homeostasis-maintaining a stable internal environment (temp, pH, pressure,
heart rate) ex.-shivering or bird fluffing feathers to stay warm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Respiratory Functions

A

Respiratory system exchanges O2 & CO2 in lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Circulatory System Functions(capillaries too)

A

Circulatory system transports O2 & CO2, food & water to & from cells
-Capillaries-The capillaries allow oxygen and materials to diffuse easily
from one place to another, and they allow wastes to diffuse out and be
carried away.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

asexual

A

reproduction-don’t need a mate, quicker, offspring are identical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sexual

A

reproduction-need to find mate, takes longer, genetic
variation-offspring share traits from both parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Learned-behaviors

A

that have to be taught & learned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Instinct-behavior

A

that doesn’t have to be taught, rather is programmed in
DNA; ex-bird building a nest is an instinct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

internal

A

fertilization-male fertilizes female eggs inside her body;
-Internal fertilization relies less on random chance than external
fertilization.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

External

A

External fertilization-male fertilizes female eggs outside her body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Placenta(l mammals)

A

Nutrients and gases are passed between the mother and the embryo by a
placenta to support the embryo’s growth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tropisms

A

A plant’s response to a stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Negative Gravitropism

A

Gravitropism-plant will grow up against gravity when knocked on
side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Phototropism

A

Phototropism-plant growing toward the light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cell Functions

A

a. Bring in nutrients & water
b. Obtain Energy
c. Get rid of wastes
d. Reproduce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cell Membrane Functions

A

Selectively Permeable-It allows some substances to move in and out, and
it keeps others out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cell Division or Mitosis-

A

12.Cell Division or Mitosis-Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase,
Telophase
a. Results in two identical daughter cells
b. If the nuclear membrane didn’t break apart before dividing…The
chromosomes would not be able to move to opposite ends of the cell,
resulting in uneven distribution between the daughter cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Levels of Organization in living things

A

Cells→ Tissues→ Organs→ Systems→ Organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Autotroph

A

Autotroph-”producers” make their own food (glucose) by using water,CO2,
& light thru process of photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

heterotroph

A

Heterotroph-”consumer” must eat other organisms to obtain energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

exhaling

A

15.Exhaling-removes wastes products (CO2) from your body during cellular
respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Parental Strategies for more advanced animals

A

More advanced organisms-internal fert., fewer offspring, longer parental
care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Parental Strategies for Less Advanced animals
Less advanced organisms-external fert., more offspring, less or no parental care
25
Muscle and Skeletal System connections
Muscles attach to and pull & push on bones in skeletal system to allow movement
26
asexual (plant)
A piece of plant or bud grows into a new plant
27
sexual plant
involves tranfer of pollen from one flower to another
28
Limiting Factors
a. Factors that kill members of a species or keep a population from growing b. Often prevent a population from growing above its carrying capacity for long c. Ex.-predators, competition, disease, drought, natural disasters
29
Biodiversity
20.Biodiversity-increases with abundant resources and decreases when resources are scarce
30
Niche
21.Niche: a specific role an organism plays in its environment a. Panda has a narrow niche by only eating bamboo-with low biodiversity this can lead to extinction
31
Keystone Species
22.Keystone species: a species that greatly impacts or affects other species in its ecosystem; ex.- horseshoe crab, wolf
32
Non-renewable resource
23.Non-renewable Resource: a resource that forms from the remains of swamp organisms formed a long time ago & which there is only so much available; ex. coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear
33
Food Web
24.Food Web-base of food web is made of producers; all energy originally comes from the sun
34
Energy Pyramid
25.Energy Pyramid- 10% energy loss as you move up the pyramid
35
Importance of Decomposers
26.Importance of Decomposers: decomposers recycle nutrients in waste products and the remains of dead organisms back into the ecosystem so no energy or matter is lost
36
emigrate
27.Emigrate: to move out of an ecosystem = decrease population
37
Abiotic vs biotic
28.Abiotic vs Biotic Factors: a. Abiotic = non-living-ex. light, water, temp., O2, CO2, soil, b. Biotic = living or once living-ex. plants, animals
38
water cycle
29.Water Cycle:the continual movement of water thru Earth & atmosphere; a. Evaporation-liquid to gas (oceans to atmosphere) b. Condensation-gas to liquid (clouds) c. Precipitation-water falling from clouds (rain, snow, sleet, hail)
39
Carbon Cycle
30.Carbon Cycle-producers use carbon to make food, consumers take in carbon from organisms they eat & decomposers break down remains & release carbon
40
Primary vs. Secondary succession
31.Primary vs. Secondary Succession-secondary succession happens in an area that already has soil & organisms
41
Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms
32.Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms: a. Main differences are reproductive strategies b. Gymnopsperms-non-flowering, naked seeds, wind to transfer pollen c. Angiosperms-flowering, seeds inside fruit/pod, use pollinators
42
homeostasis
the process that keeps internal conditions in the normal state
43
Stimuli
a change in the environment that triggers a response
44
impulse
a message carried by a neuron
45
which human body systems remove wastes
1. excretory 2. respiratory 3. digestive 4. integumentary 5. circulatory 6. muscular
46
urea
a component of urine, a chemical produced from the breakdown of proteins
47
circulatory system functions
transport oxygen and other nutrients to different parts of the body, transports wastes, fights infection
48
respiratory system functions
exchanges 02 and c02 in lungs
49
capillaries
smallest vessels in the circulatory system
50
how do plants use asexual reproduction
runners, potato eyes, tubers
51
how do animals use asexual reproduction
budding, fragmentation w/ regeneration
52
disadvantages of sexual reproduction
more time and energy required, need to find a mate
53
advantages of sexual reproduction
genetic diversity
54
genetic variation
genetic diversity, many different alleles present
55
mating system
#/combination of mates
56
instinct
a behavior performed correctly without being taught it
57
reflex
an action performed automatically in response to a stimulus
58
tropism
a growth response in plants
59
5 types of tropisms
1. pos. gravitropism: roots grow down 2. neg. gravitropism: stem grows up 3. Phototropism : plants grow towards light 4. hydrotropism : plants grow toward water 5. thigmatropism: leaves closing when touched
60
fertilization
an egg + sperm cell = zygote to embryo
61
2 types of fertilization
internal and external
62
placenta functions
gives nutrients to embryo, removes wastes, temporary organ
63
amniotic egg functions
protection for developing embryo yolk gives nutrients to the embryo

Science (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions