Body Systems

Question 1

organ

Answer 1

Body structures composed of different tissues that work together for common

Question 2

tissue

Answer 2

Specialized cells with common function are grouped together, 4 types: muscle tissue (contracts to make parts of your body move), connective tissue (), Nerve tissue, Epithelial tissue

Question 3

organ system

Answer 3

Group of different organs work together for common function

Question 4

Skeletal System

Answer 4

Bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons
Supports body, protects internal organs, allows movement, stores minerals, produces blood cells, provides a framework the muscles use to support movement
Structural Support System, Defense System

Question 5

Integumentary

Answer 5

Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands

Guards against infection and injury, helps regulate body temperature (homeostasis)

Structural Support System, Defense System, Control System (homeostasis)

Question 6

Muscular System

Answer 6

Skeletal Muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle

With skeletal system, produces movement, helps circulate blood and move food through the digestive system system

composed of three types: skeletal moves skeleton, smooth moves food thru digestive system, and cardiac pumps blood

Structural Support System, Food and Waste Processing System, Oxygen and Transport System

Question 7

Circulatory System

Answer 7

Heart, blood vessels

heart and blood vessels circulate blood with oxygen and nutrients, fights infection, regulates body temperature (works closely with respiratory and immune systems)

Food and Waste processing system, Defense System, Control System, Oxygen and Transport System

Question 8

Respiratory System

Answer 8

Nose, pharynx(throat), larynx(voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchi(any of the major air passages of the lungs which diverge from the windpipe.), lungs

lungs bring in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from body (works closely with circulatory system)

Oxygen and Transport System, Food and Waste processing System

Question 9

Digestive System

Answer 9

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, pancreas, large intestine, rectum

brings in and breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, removed waste

Food and Waste processing System

the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules

Question 10

Excretory

Answer 10

skin, lungs, liver, kidneys, bladder, urethra

removes or excretes wastes via the skin, lungs, liver, kidneys, bladder

Food and Waste processing System

Question 11

Nervous

Answer 11

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

controls all body systems, voluntary and involuntary responses to the environment, the brain communicates with the body via the spinal cord and nerves

Control System

Question 12

Endocrine

Answer 12

Glands, such as the thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, ovaries, testes, and others

glands such as the pancreas produce hormones that control growth, development, energy processes, and maintenance of homeostasis

Control System

Question 13

Reproductive

Answer 13

In males: testes, ducts, urethra, ykw
In females: ovaries, ducts, uterus, ykw

systems unique to the male and female human produce and deliver sex cells which fuse to produce offspring, the female body protects and nurtures developing embryo

Reproductive System

Question 14

Immune

Answer 14

Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, white blood cells

fights infections, lymph nodes and vessels trap invading bacteria and viruses while white blood cells attack (works closely with circulatory system)

Defense System

Question 15

Heart

Answer 15

the primary organ of circulatory system, made of cardiac muscle, pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the tissues and deoxygenated blood from the body back to the lungs, cycles nutrients and wastes to and from tissues, 4 chambered, works with arteries, veins, blood tissue

Question 16

Lungs

Answer 16

the primary organ of respiratory system(absorbs O2) and one of the excretory system organs (removes CO2), works with trachea, bronchi, diaphragm

Question 17

Liver

Answer 17

Excretory organ that breaks down toxic chemicals(process vitamins, medicines, etc.), Digestive organ that secretes chemicals that break down foods (secrete digestive enzymes and bile), Donate a piece, regenerates, work with the gallbladder

Question 18

Stomach

Answer 18

A digestive system organ where mechanical and chemical breakdown of food occurs, Mechanical(chewing) and Chemical(stomach acid) digestion

Question 19

Kidneys

Answer 19

Excretory organ that filter/clean the blood, remove wastes and produce urine, balance salt/water content in the blood (homeostasis), Can be donated,dialysis required if poor/no kidney function, works with Bladder, ureters, urethra

Question 20

Brain

Answer 20

The primary nervous system organ that sends electrical signals and chemicals to control all involuntary and voluntary processes, thinking, learning, memory, emotions, and creativity, receives information from environment/senses, perceive, respond, learn, think, form memories, language, works with nerves, spinal cord

Question 21

Pancreas

Answer 21

A gland which secretes digestive enzymes to help break down food in the intestines,secrets a hormone called insulin (homeostasis maintenance), which triggers sugar to move from the blood to the tissues, diabetes caused by insulin malfunction
produces an enzyme called trypsin, which breaks down proteins.

Question 22

Skin

Answer 22

The primary organ of the integumentary system, first line of defense against infection and injury, contains sweat glands, regulates body temperature

Question 23

Femur

Answer 23

largest bone of skeletal system, supports body weight, stores minerals like calcium, allows structure for movement, Structural support columns, bone marrow makes blood cells

Question 24

Spleen

Answer 24

immune system organ, stores white blood cells, filters blood, removes and recycles old blood cells

Question 25

placenta

Answer 25

temporary organ of the female reproductive system, delivers oxygen and nutrients and removes wastes from the growing embryo (thru the umbilical cord)

Question 26

biceps

Answer 26

large muscle on front of upper arm, contracts and extends (together with triceps muscle) to move skeleton, attached to bones of arm by tendons

Question 27

interactions

Answer 27

the different ways that living things communicate with, act toward, and influence each other

Question 28

stimulus

Answer 28

Any change or signal in the environment that can make an organism react in some way

Question 29

response

Answer 29

reaction to stimulus

Question 30

glands

Answer 30

organs that produce and release chemicals either through tiny tubes called ducts or directly bloodstream

Question 31

hormone

Answer 31

The chemical produced by an endocrine gland

Question 32

stable

Answer 32

fixed, not likely to change

Question 33

Control Systems

Answer 33

nervous, endocrine

Question 34

Structural Systems

Answer 34

Intergumentary, skeletal, muscular

Question 35

Oxygen and Transport systems

Answer 35

Respiratory, Circulatory

Question 36

Food and Waste Processing Systems

Answer 36

Excretory, digestive

Question 37

Defense Systems

Answer 37

Immune,

Question 38

Reproductive System

Answer 38

Reproductive System

Question 39

Do systems interact with one another?

Answer 39

Yes

Question 40

How does transporting materials work?

Answer 40

blood vessels from the circulatory system carry nutrients to and waste from the cells in the body.

Question 41

How does the endocrine control the body?

Answer 41

by sending out chemical signals instead of nerves or electrical impulses

Question 42

homeostasis

Answer 42

Each organism requires specific conditions to function. Maintaining those conditions is necessary for life to continue. Remember that the condition in which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the outside environment is called homeostasis.

Question 43

How does your body regulate temperature?

Answer 43

your nervous system sends out signals to your other systems to take action to warm you up. Your skin, which is part of the integumentary system, develops goosebumps. Your muscles cause you to shiver. You tend to move your large muscles to generate heat.

Question 44

How do you keep balance?

Answer 44

Structures in your inner ear sense the position of your head. They send this information to your brain, which interprets the signals. If your brain senses that you are losing your balance, then it sends messages to your muscles to move in ways that help you stay steady.

Question 45

How does the body meet energy needs?

Answer 45

hormones from the endocrine system signal the nervous system to make you feel hungry. After you eat, other hormones signal your brain to make you feel full.

Question 46

How does your body maintain water balance?

Answer 46

your nervous system causes you to feel thirsty. Your senses, muscles, and skeleton take you to a source of water. After you have had enough water, your nervous system causes your thirst to end. Soon after, the water passes through your digestive system to your circulatory system and from there into your cells.

Question 47

stress

Answer 47

the reaction of a person’s body to potentially threatening, challenging, or disturbing events, some is unavoidable, causes health issues, Ongoing stress can disrupt homeostasis and weaken your body’s ability to fight disease

Question 48

How does the body fight disease?

Answer 48

Your body was devoting resources to the immune system so it could fight the disease.
The immune system includes specialized cells, such as the one in Figure 8, that attack and destroy germs, such as viruses and bacteria. When you are sick, these cells temporarily increase in number. Fighting infection sometimes causes your body temperature to go up.

Question 49

Nutrients

Answer 49

the substances in food that provide the raw materials the body’s cells need to carry out all their essential processes. Some nutrients are broken down and used for energy. Other nutrients are used to repair damaged cells or to help you grow. Your body needs nutrients to perform every function.