Biochemistry Lessons Flashcards
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Photosynthesis
Cells capture energy in sunlight and use it to make food in this process. The name means “putting together with light”.
cellular respiration
The 2-stage process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions inside cells, releasing energy, carried out by all living things, in the first stage, in the cytoplasm, glucose is broken down into smaller molecules, releasing a small amount of energy. In the 2nd stage, inside the mitochondrion, the smaller molecules react, producing carbon dioxide, water and large amounts of ATP. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite, but complementary processes.
Carbon Dioxide
Co2
Water
H2O
Oxygen
O2
Glucose
C6H1206
equation
a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction: using numbers and letters to show the events of photosynthesis leading to the production of glucose
Reactants
raw materials needed to make food
Products
made from the reactants (raw materials)
Photosynthesis Equation
Light energy + Carbon Dioxide + Water = Glucose + Oxygen (Creates things needed by heterotrophs)
Cellular Respiration Equation
Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATP (Photosynthesis equation is the opposite of this equation; creates things needed by autotrophs)
Heterotrophs
consumer, organism that cannot make its own food, obtains energy by eating or absorbing other organisms
Autotroph
producer, organism able to create its own food in the form of glucose (energy-giving sugar)
chlorophyll
green, photosynthetic pigment found in chloroplasts (in cells of plants, algae, and some bacteria) - an organelle in cells where photosynthesis occurs (captures sunlight and changes it to food energy)
