STS Journals - Ear/Eyes Flashcards
Lachiani JSAP 2020 - On the nature of canine aural haematoma and its treatment with continuous vacuum drainage
What was the success rate?
9/10 cases successfully tx without recurrence at 6m (90%)
Itoh JAVMA 2022 - Surgical creation of multiple drainage holes versus local injection of corticosteroids for treatment of aural hematomas in dogs: 51 dogs with 71 aural hematomas (2000–2017)
What factors increased the risk of new AHs?
In terms of outcome, how did these two techniques compare?
Risk of new AHs was higher in Golden Retrievers and Labrador Retrievers and in dogs with allergic dermatitis.
Recurrence higher after local corticosteroids vs multiple drainage holes.
Recurrent haematomas after steroids resolved with additional local steroids.
No recurrence after 8 months.
Loft JFMS 2022 - Feline cystadenomatosis affecting the ears and skin of 57 cats (2011–2019)
What % have bilateral disease?
Briefly describe a characteristic appearance of the cystadenomatosis
What is the underlying viral/disease process?
What was the main treatment performed in this study?
84%
See pic - dark blue/purple proud lesions
None identified!
CO2 laser - with subjectively good results
JFMS 2023 - A Pandora’s box in feline medicine: presenting signs and surgical outcomes in 58 previously hoarded cats with chronic otitis media-interna
What was the complication rate associated with initial VBO sx?
What were risk factors associated with the presence of OE at the recheck
What was the most frequent causative agent?
69%
O.interna pre-op, surgery by a generalist
Strep equi zooepidermicus
Enright JFMS 2023 - Evaluation of endoscopic-assisted feline lateral bulla osteotomy: a cadaveric study
What size scope was used?
How did endoscopic assisted feline LBO compare to traditional LBO?
1.9mm scope
Equally as effective (12/13 in both groups)
McGrath JFMS 2023 - Clinical presentation and outcome in cats with aural squamous cell carcinoma: a review of 25 cases (2010–2021)
MST w. sx? MST w. palliative radioation/chemo?
What % were identified to have mets?
What was local recurrence rate?
168d w. sx (5.5m)
78d with pallaitve radiation/chemo (2.5m)
0%
24% at 1-4m
Mehrkens JFMS 2021 - Experience level as a predictor of entry into the hypotympanum during feline total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy
What % of novice surgeons entered hypotympanum? Experienced surgeons?
In cases that hypotympanum was entered, how did the surgery differ?
What did the authors recommend?
25% vs 75%
Larger osteotomy and more bone removed
Post-op CT
Moissonnier JAVMA 2022 - Transoral ventral tympanic bulla osteotomy in cats: 13 cases (2016–2019)
Describe the approach
What was the rate of post-op complications?
Cat in dorsal recumbency, mouth open with tongue strapped between mandibular canines.
Bulla identified just medial & caudal to pterygoid process of basisphenoid bone. Incision into oropharyngeal mucosa allowed exposure of bulla surface. 3mm k wire at 5 degree angle from hard palate
8/13 - 62%
Wainberg JAVMA 2019 - Comparison of complications and outcome following unilateral, staged bilateral, and single-stage bilateral ventral bulla osteotomy in cats
What were some of the main post-op complications associated with VBO?
How did the different surgeries affect the likelihood of complications?
What pre-op factors was shown to increase likelihood of complications?
Resp issues, Horner’s head tilt, facial nerve paralysis, local disease recurrence
Single staged bilateral VBO - associated with severe resp complications (OR 13) and death (OR 11)
Neuro signs pre-op increased chances of permanent neuro signs
Wainberg JAVMA 2019 - Comparison of complications and outcome following unilateral, staged bilateral, and single-stage bilateral ventral bulla osteotomy in cats
What was the rate of transient and permanent Horner’s syndrome post-op?
What was the rate of transient and permanent head tilt post-op?
What was the rate of transient and permanent facial nerve paralysis post-op?
What was the risk of local disease recurrence?
68% (19%)
30% (22%)
14% (8%)
6%
Wainberg JAVMA 2019 - Comparison of complications and outcome following unilateral, staged bilateral, and single-stage bilateral ventral bulla osteotomy in cats
What was the risk of resp issues for each procedure?
9% unilat
29% bilat staged
47% bilat single
Pavletic JAVMA 2019 - Partial vertical ear canal resection in two cats
Krainer VS 2021 - Influence of computed tomographic dimensions of the nasopharynx on middle ear effusion and inflammation in pugs and French bulldogs with brachycephalic airway syndrome
Middle ear effusion was observed in what % of F.Bulldogs and pugs?
Contrast enhancement of t.bulla was observed in what % of FB and Pugs?
57% F.Bulldogs, 17% Pugs
42% F.Bulldogs, 5% Pugs
French bulldogs with brachycephalic airway syndrome seem predisposed to middle ear effusion and inflammation.
Banks VS 2023 - Influence of extreme brachycephalic conformation on perioperative complications associated with total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy in 242 dogs (2010–2020)
Extreme brachy breeds were more likely to present with…
Diagnostic imaging abnormalities that were more common in EBB included…
How did the peri/intra-op complications between EBB and other breeds compare?
Present younger and more acutely
Facial nerve paresis, vestibular, horners syndromes more common in pre-op EBB
Bilateral changes, aural masses, para-aural abscesses, otitis interna, and brainstem changes
No difference
Watt VS 2020 - Otoscopic evaluation of epithelial remnants in the tympanic cavity after total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy
What % had epithelial remnants?
What portion of the tympanic bulla has the most epithelial remnants?
100%
Rostral
Folk JAVMA 2022 - Effect of empirical versus definitive antimicrobial selection on postoperative complications in dogs and cats undergoing total ear canal ablation with lateral bulla osteotomy: 120 cases (2009–2019)
What % of intra-op cultures were positive?
Revision surgery due to infection in what %?
What decreased the likelihood of the patient represented due to infection-related complications?
85%
11%
If antibiotics administered within 1 month of positive intra-op culture, 85% less likely to show infection-related complications.
Gomes VS 2020 - Transorbital postcaruncular endoscopic surgery as an alternative to orbital exploratory surgery: A cadaveric study and case report in a dog with an orbital sarcoma
Describe the approach
What were the 3 orbital foramina that were identifiable with this approach?
30 degree 2.7mm scope w. cystoscope sheath. Placed via conjunctival incision ventromedially. Saline infused to expand space and enable visualisation
Orbital canal - optic nerve, internal opthalmic artery
Orbital fissure - abducens, oculomotor, ophthalmic (trigeminal branch) and trochlear (CN3-6)
Rostral alar foramen - maxillary a. and maxillary nerve (trigeminal branch)
Jones JFMS 2022 - Tumours involving the retrobulbar space in cats: 37 cases
What was the most common clinical sign?
What were the most common diagnoses?
MST?
Respiratory signs (nasal discharge, sneezing etc)
Lymphoma (m.common), carcinoma
Often spread from nasal cavity (cause of resp signs)
85d (3m)
Pumphrey JAVMA 2022 - Patterns of bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test results for dogs with retrobulbar abscesses: 133 cases
What were the most common isolates?
What was the most appropriate first-line treatments recommended by authors?
Pasteurella (m.common), Streptococcus & E. coli most common aerobic.
Bacteroides, Actinomyces & Fusobacterium most common anaerobic
Amoxyclav OR clindamycin and enrofloxacin
Wallin-Haakansson JSAP 2020 - Canaliculorhinostomy as a treatment for nasolacrimal duct obstruction in dogs and cats
Briefly describe the procedure?
How long was the silicone tubing left in for?
Outcome?
Nasolacrimal canaliculi identified w. lateral open approach. Silicon tubing placed in both ventral and dorsal puncti. Hole drilled into nasal cavity and tubing passed through. Tubing knotted in subcut space just lateral to the premaxilla.
4-7 months
In all animals, a functional nasolacrimal system was re-created and remained patent over prolonged follow-up periods. Adverse effects and complications were mild
Shilo-Benjamini JAVMA 2019 - Analgesic effects of intraorbital insertion of an absorbable gelatin hemostatic sponge soaked with 1% ropivacaine solution following enucleation in dogs
What were the effects of intraorbital insertion of gelatin w. 1% ropivicaine?
Pain scores & requirement for methadone reduced with soaked gelatin sponge.
Vezina-Audette JAVMA 2019 - Prevalence of and covariates associated with the oculocardiac reflex occurring in dogs during enucleation
What was observed to reduce the risk of an oculocardiac reflex?
Retrobulbar nerve block
No association with age/brachy breed or with pre-op anticholingergic drugs.
Lavalee JAVMA 2023 - Long-term success rate of entropion surgery is equivalent in juvenile and adult dogs
What % of temp tacking procedures were successful and did not require any further sx?
How did the rate of recurrence and complications compare between juvenile and adult dogs have definitive sx?
37%
No difference, no need to wait till 1yr of age (according to authors)
Opgenorth JAVMA 2024 - Comparison of preoperative retrobulbar bupivacaine and postoperative subcutaneous liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine on postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing enucleation
What were the findings?
No difference between retrobulbar bupivacaine and post-op SC liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine
