Ortho - 'other' Flashcards
Billas VS 2022 - Incidence of and risk factors for surgical site infection following canine limb amputation
What was the SSI rate?
What factors increased the risk of SSI?
What indications for amputation increased the risk of SSI?
12.5%
Use of bipolar device (c.f. electrosurgery or sharp dissection)
Bacterial infection or trauma
Galliano VS 2022 - Subcutaneous vascular access port implantation in the axillary or femoral/external iliac vein at the time of full limb amputation in dogs
To what muscles were the SVAP secured?
What was the difference in the short term outcomes between the groups?
Trapezius fascia, gluteal fascia
No difference in short-term outcome was detected between implantation sites for subcutaneous vascular access ports
Magidenko JAVMA 2022 - Analysis of patient outcome and owner satisfaction with double limb amputations: 14 dogs and four cats
What was the complication rate? and the major complication rate?
5/18 complications (30%)
3/18 major (17.5%)
Radke VS 2022 - Evidence-based evaluation of owner-reported outcome measures for canine orthopaedic care – a COSMIN evaluation of 6 instruments
Which 3 instruments of owner reported outcome measures showed evidence of sufficient content validity?
CBPI
COI
LOAD
Newman VS 2021 - Susceptibility of canine chondrocytes and synoviocytes to antibiotic cytotoxicity in vitro
What was the outcome?
Which antibiotics were safer?
Viability of chondrocytes and synoviocytes decreased with increasing antibiotic concentrations.
Lower toxicity of vancomycin & ampicillin.
Kleine VS 2020 - Resistin concentrations in serum and stifle synovial fluid from normal and cruciate deficient dogs with osteoarthritis
How did resistin concentrations differ in dogs with and without OA?
They didn’t differ
Kleine VS 2019 - Correlation of serum and synovial leptin concentrations with body condition scores in healthy and osteoarthritic dogs
How did the serum and synovial fluid leptin correlate with BCS?
How did it differ with LOAD scores and radiographic severity of OA?
Serum & synovial fluid leptin correlated with BCS.
Synovial fluid leptin was weakly associated with LOAD scores
Not associated with radiographic severity of OA.
Pavarotti VCOT 2020 - Evaluation of a single intra-articular injection of autologous adipose tissue for the treatment of osteoarthritis: a prospective clinical study in dogs
What were the major side effects observed?
What was the outcome of the adipose injection?
No major side effects
Lameness and CBPI lower @ all time points after injection and gradual improvement of kinetic data
Ravicini JSAP 2023 - Description and outcome of dogs with primary immune-mediated polyarthritis: 73 cases (2012-2017)
What % responded to therapy?
What % relapsed?
What % had complete cure (withdrawal of meds)?
What % were well managed long term?
95%
53% (multiple relapses in 17 dogs)
63%
81%
Cunnigham JFMS 2022 - Evaluation of a nutritional supplement for the alleviation of pain associated with feline degenerative joint disease: a prospective, randomised, stratified, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
What were the ingredients of the nutritional supplement?
What effect did it have?
Glucosamine and chondroitin
No difference to placebo
Ariffin JFMS 2021 - Protease activated receptor 2 and matriptase expression in the joints of cats with and without osteoarthritis
How did the levels of PAR2 differ between OA joints and non-OA joints?
PAR2 was detected in all articular cartilage & synovial samples but confined to only a few superficial chondrocytes in normal samples.
Maniaki JFMS 2021 - Associations between early neutering, obesity, outdoor access, trauma and feline degenerative joint disease
What increased the risk of OA?
What decreased the risk of OA?
Obesity, outdoor access and hx of trauma
Neutering <6m old reduces risk
Shipley JFMS 2021 - Owner evaluation of quality of life and mobility in osteoarthritic cats treated with amantadine or placebo
What was the conclusion of this study?
Activity counts were lower with amantadine but clinical metrology owner-assessed outcome showed improvement on amantidine vs placebo.
Enomoto JFMS 2020 - Development of a checklist for the detection of degenerative joint disease-associated pain in cats
What sensitivity and specificity for DJD was achieved?
What were the questions?
100%, 100%
See pic
Miller JAVMA 2023 - Retrospective analysis describes safety of therapeutic joint injections in dogs
What was the rate of major complications?
1/505 - 0.002%
Howes JFMS 2019 - Skull pathology in 10 cats with patellar fracture and dental anomaly syndrome
What were the radiographic findings observed?
What was the histo consistent with?
How was it managed?
Findings included marked bony and periosteal proliferation, hypodontia, root resorption, root malformation & unerupted permanent teeth
Radiological appearance similar to neoplasia but histo consistent with osteomyelitis
Surgical extraction of unerupted teeth & debridement of necrotic bone
Soukup JAVMA 2020 - The canine furcation cyst, a newly defined odontogenic cyst in dogs: 20 cases (2013–2017)
Where does this cyst normally form?
What is the main clinical sign?
How was it treated?
Odontogenic cyst that usually occurs at furcation of maxillary PM4.
Main clinical sign: fluctuant swelling of buccal gingiva & mucosa overlying cyst.
Surgical tx = cyst wall enucleation & curettage.
Moran JFMS 2024 - Surgical excision of P3 fragments in 86 declawed cats: case series (2013–2023)
What hx/clinical signs were observed?
What was the most common complication following surgery?
What was the outcome of surgery?
Historical reports from owners and shelter staff included house-soiling, biting behaviour, repelling behaviour, barbering, lameness, chronic digit infection and nail regrowth.
Pathology visible on examination included digital subcutaneous swelling, ecchymosis, malaligned digital pads, ulcerations, exudate, tendon contracture, nail regrowth and callusing.
Mild lameness at 14d post-op
No cats lame, all behaviours resolved
Wagemeister VCOT 2022 - Compensatory Changes in Ground Reaction Forces in Small and Large Breed Dogs with Unilateral Hindlimb Lameness in Comparison to Healthy Dogs
What compensatory changes were observed?
What type of dogs were more likely to be affected?
Unilateral hindlimb lameness leads to cranial & lateral shift of body mass centre.
Redistribution to the forelimbs plays a more important role in affected large dogs.
ALvarez VCOT 2020 - The effect of calibration method on repeatability and reproducibility of pressure mat data in a canine population
What calibration protocol was advised?
Both calibration protocols (step and phantom calibration protocols) were highly repeatable & reproducible
Pettit VCOT 2020 - Evaluation of Ground Reaction Forces and Limb Symmetry Indices Using Ground Reaction Forces Collected with One or Two Plates in Dogs Exhibiting a Stifle Lameness
What number of force plates were observed to be ‘better’?
Total time and number of trials needed to collect valid data was minimised using 2 force plates… but NO difference in GRF/SI values collected between 1 & 2 plates.
Jones JAVMA 2020 - Radiographic features of histologically benign bone infarcts and bone infarcts associated with neoplasia in dogs
What features did 100% of the malignant lesions have?
What % of benign infarcts had aggressive features?
Aggressive medullary lysis
70% had aggressive medullary lysis, 21% had aggressive periosteal proliferation (c.f. 50% malignant)
Liska JAVMA 2020 - Idiopathic arteriopathy-induced focal osteonecrosis of the femoral head in a young dog
What radiographic features were observed?
Atypical radiolucency & disproportionately large femoral medullary canal.
Schaaf VS 2020 - Anconeus muscle injury in a juvenile greyhound
What was observed on clinical exam?
What diagnostics were performed and what was observed?
What was the treatment?
What was the outcome?
Mild forelimb lameness - pain on palpation of proximolateral ulna and w. max elbow flexion
US showed disorganised muscle fibres. CT showed thin rim of periosteal new bone on caudodistal humerus.
Meloxicam and rest
Resolution of lameness
Petazzoni JAVMA 2022 - Outcome of rest with or without bandaging for treatment of carpal flexural contracture deformities in puppies: 47 puppies and 75 joints (2000-2018)
What % of dogs regained full carpal extension? Did bandaging affect the outcome?
For those that recovered, what was the mean time to recovery?
What was the main effect of bandaging?
What type of bandage was used?
All dogs regained full carpal extension - 100%. Bandaging did not effect outcome
Mean time to recovery 3 weeks.
For dogs with moderate-severe flexion & obvious carpal procurvatum (grade 3 - see pic), bandaging reduced the time to recovery. For less severely affected dogs, no difference with/without bandaging.
Modified RJ
Gaskin JFMS 2023 - Flexor tenectomy: salvage surgery following feline onychectomy
What was the pathophysiology of the presenting clinical signs (inappropriate behaviours/pain/response to analgesia)?
What was the outcome?
Hyperflexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint
All cat’s gaits and pain levels improved - some did stand flat-footed
Oramas VS 2020 - Iliectomy with limb preservation for a dog with ilial osteosarcoma: Surgical description and case report
Describe the procedure
What post-op complication was observed and how was it managed?
See pic. Key things are: protecting the sciatic nerve and the intra-pelvic canal tissues
Closure assisted with use of longissimus dorsi flap (attaches to cranial aspect of ilium)
Fracture of the contralateral ischium - conservatively
Kvale VCOT 2022 - Limb-sparing surgery in two cats using a femoral endoprosthesis with an integrated total knee replacement implant
What complication was observed in the 1st case?
How did the 2nd implant differ to a ‘normal’ TKR?
Aseptic loosening - replaced w. 2nd gen and lateral plate
See pic
Ruiz JSAP 2021 - Temporomandibular joint injections in dogs with temporomandibular joint pain: 11 cases (2015-2019)
What was injected?
What diseases were treated?
How long did the analgesia last?
Betamethasone and ropivicaine injections
TMJ dysplasia and OA
Average 461d (25-1579d)
Vallefuoco JSAP 2021 - Titanium mesh osteosynthesis for the treatment of severely comminuted maxillofacial fractures in four dogs
What was the outcome?
Titanium mesh osteosynthesis can achieve sufficient rigidity and lead to uncomplicated healing of severely comminuted maxillofacial fractures. This internal fixation method can be considered a valuable option to treat maxillofacial fractures in particular in cases of large bone defect and midface reconstruction
