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Journals Tristan BNOC > Principles of Ortho Journals and FL > Flashcards

Principles of Ortho Journals and FL Flashcards

1
Q

Camiletti JSAP 2024 - Long-term outcomes of atrophic/ oligotrophic non-unions in dogs and cats treated with autologous iliac corticocancellous bone graft and circular external skeletal fixation: 19 cases (2014-2021)

What % of non-unions healed?

A

95%

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2
Q

Camiletti JSAP 2024 - Long-term outcomes of atrophic/ oligotrophic non-unions in dogs and cats treated with autologous iliac corticocancellous bone graft and circular external skeletal fixation: 19 cases (2014-2021)

What % of cases had an excellent long term outcome?
What % of cases had a good long term outcome?

A

78%
16%

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3
Q

Ferrell VS 2019 - Impact of postoperative antibiotics on rates of infection and implant removal after tibial tuberosity advancement in 1768 canine stifles

What was the post-op infection rate?
Did AB admin post-op affect rate of infection?

A

4.6%

NO

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4
Q

Tuan VS 2019 - Risk of infection after double locking plate and screw fixation of tibial plateau levelling osteotomies in dogs weighing greater than 50 kilograms

What was the SSI %?

A

17.5%

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5
Q

Nabholz VCOT 2019 - Safety and accuracy of minimally invasive long bone fracture repair using a 2.5mm interlocking nail: a cadaveric feline study

What type of interlocking nail was used (and brand)?

Which is the ONLY bone that the authors recommend its use in?

A

Inverse locking nail - Targon Vet System

Tibia

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6
Q

Mascellino VCOT 2023 - A Retrospective Short-Term Evaluation Using a Polyaxial Plating System in 60 Small Animal Fractures

Bony union was achieved in what % of cases?

What was the mean time to radiographic union?

A

100%

6 weeks

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7
Q

Marturello VS 2021 - Clinical application of the small I-Loc interlocking nail in 30 feline fractures: A prospective study

What was the mean medullary canal fill achieved?

What % of cases had open reduction?

Average time to union was?

A

<50%

75%

7.2 weeks

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8
Q

Yeh JAVMA 2021 - Description of and complications associated with reinforced, free-form external skeletal fixation for treatment of appendicular fractures in cats

What % of cases had complications?

What factors increased risk of complications?

A

26%

higher body weight, tibial fractures, use of Type 2 fixator, use of destabilisation

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9
Q

Marshall VS 2022 - Delayed union, non-union and mal-union in 442 dogs

What % of dogs had delayed union, non-union and malunion?

List 5 risk factors that increased risk of delayed/non-union

A

14%, 4.6%, 0.7%

Age, SSI, use of bone graft, comminuted fracture, major implant failure

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10
Q

Reyes JFMA 2019 - Incidence and types of preceding and subsequent fractures in cats with patellar fracture and dental anomaly syndrome

What % of cats had dental abnormalities?

What % of cats had fracture to other bones?

A

48%

41%

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11
Q

Rubinos JFMS 2022 - Traumatic physeal fractures in cats: a review of 36 cases

What was the most common location for a physeal fracture?

What was the most common type of physeal fracture?

A

Distal femoral physis

SH type 2

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12
Q

Kaczmarek VCOT 2020 - Mechanical Performance of a Polyaxial Locking Plate (PLS) and the Influence of Screw Angulation in a Fracture Gap Model

What was the main finding?

A

Polyaxial locking plates were 30% weaker than LCP plates

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13
Q

Marturello VCOT 2021 - Evaluation of a feline bone surrogate and in vitro mechanical comparison of small interlocking nail systems in mediolateral bending

Which of the 3 constructs (I-Loc, LCP, Targon) had the least angular deformation?

A

I-Loc

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14
Q

Schrock VCOT 2022 - Outcomes and Complications Associated with Acute Gunshot Fractures in Cats and Dogs

What % of cases had a poor fracture outcome? And what was this associated with?

A

54%

Extensive soft tissue injury

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15
Q

Park VCOT 2022 - Effect of Bidirectional Insertion of External Skeletal Fixation Pins on Axial Pullout Strength in Canine Cadaveric Bone

What type of pins had the greatest pullout strength?

What other significant finding was made?

A

Positive profile pin

Pins inserted to the desired position had greater pullout strength than those inserted beyond and withdrawn.

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16
Q

Gallaher VS 2019 - Effects of short- and long-term administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on osteotomy healing in dogs

What effect did long term administration of Carprofen (8wk) have on bone healing?

A

Long-term administration of carprofen (8 weeks) had lower bone healing at 4 & 8 weeks post-op than dogs having none or shorter administration of carprofen.

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17
Q

Thompson VS 2020 - Influence of wire configuration on resistance to fragment distraction of tension bands placed in a greater trochanteric osteotomy model

What is the strongest and most stable configuration?

A

Double loop wire

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18
Q

Marturello VS 2020 - Mechanical comparison of two small interlocking nails in torsion using a feline bone surrogate

Which IL system was associated with an increased risk of post-explantation iatrogenic fracture?

A

Targon

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19
Q

Butare-Smith VS 2022 - Double-loop cerclage resists greater loads for more cycles than twist and single-loop cerclage

What was the main mechanism of loosening of the twist knot?

A

Untwisting

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20
Q

Gremley VS 2023 - The effect of grip location on Kirschner wire bend characteristics: An in vitro study

At what level is it recommended to ‘grip’ the K wire to reduce bend angle and radius?
0.9mm
1.1mm
1.6mm

A

2cm
3cm
3cm

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21
Q

Berger VS 2023 - The use of subchondral bone topography to approximate the center of rotation of the elbow joint in dogs

How was the COR of the FMCP elbow different to ‘normal’ elbows?

A

More caudal than normal

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22
Q

Danielski VS 2022 - Complications after proximal abducting ulnar osteotomy and prognostic factors in 66 dogs

What was the overall post-op complication rate?

Major complication rate?

Main complications?

What risk factor was associated with risk of complications?

A

25%

17.5%

Non-union, implant failure, infection

Bodyweight

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23
Q

Clarke VS 2020 - Effect of sedation or general anaesthesia on elbow goniometry and thoracic limb circumference measurements in dogs with naturally occurring elbow osteoarthritis

How did sedation/GA affect ROM?

A

Elbow ROM increased by 11 degrees under sedation and 5 degrees under GA

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24
Q

Sasaki VS 2020 - Traumatic medial luxation of the triceps brachii tendon with medial subluxation of the elbow joint in a dog

What surgical technique was utilised?

A

Surgical correction with antirotational suture & stopper pin + spica splint 12 days post-op

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25
Q

Petkov VS 2019 - Radial torsion in dogs with medial compartment disease

What % of dogs had external radial rotation?

A

External torsion in 77%

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26
Q

Coghill VCOT 2021 - Mid- to long-term outcome after arthroscopy and proximal abducting ulnar osteotomy versus arthroscopy alone in dogs with medial compartment disease: thirty cases

What was the main finding of this study?

A

No significant difference in owner-assessed outcome with/without PAUL

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27
Q

Rohwedder VCOT 2021 - Relation of Computed Tomography-Based Static Axial Radioulnar Incongruence Measurements under General Anaesthesia and Dynamic, In Vivo RUI during the Walk in Canine Elbow Joints with and without Medial Coronoid Process Disease

How did the sRUI and dRUI compare between dogs with MCP disease and control population?

A

Mean sRUI and dRUI greater in dog w. MCP disease

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28
Q

McCarthy VCOT 2020 - Elbow arthrodesis using a medially positioned plate in 6 dogs

What was the major and minor complication rate?

A

Major - 50%

Minor - 30%

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29
Q

Williams JSAP 2020 - Multi-centre retrospective study of the long-term outcome following suspected traumatic elbow luxation in 32 cats

Which direction of luxation was most common?

What surgery was most commonly performed?

What was the catastrophic, major and minor complication rate?

A

Lateral

Transcondylar bone tunnels and circumferential suture

3%, 34%, 16%

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30
Q

Von Pfeil VS 2024 - Multi-centre retrospective study of the long-term outcome following suspected traumatic elbow luxation in 32 cats

What was the MAJOR complication rate?

A

0% NO MAJOR COMPLICATIONS

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31
Q

Scharpf VCOT 2023 - Assessment of Outcome of Arthroscopic Subtotal Coronoidectomy in Treating Medial Coronoid Disease and Effect of Concurrent Autologous Conditioned Plasma in Dogs Using Force Plate Analysis

What was main finding of the study?

A

No significant difference in force plate analysis between dogs receiving ACP or the placebo

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32
Q

Crystal VCOT 2023 - Effect of Medial Opening Wedge and External Rotational Humeral Osteotomies on Medial Elbow Compartment Pressure: An Ex Vivo Study

What modifications of the medial humeral opening wedge decreased medial compartment load?

Which osteotomy technique resulted in less medial compartment loading?

A

Osteotomy at 75% length and increasing wedge angle

Opening wedge (c.f. rotational)

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33
Q

Pierrot JAVMA 2023 - Presumed concurrent medial coronoid process fracture is a frequent radiographic finding in dogs and cats with humeral condylar fractures

What % of cases presenting with humeral condylar fractures had a presumed fracture of the MCP?

Size of the presumed fragment was associated with?

A

48%

Increasing body weight

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34
Q

Danner JAVMA 2024 - Computed tomography-guided cannulated lag screw placement for treatment of ununited anconeal process: surgical technique, clinical outcome, and radiographic healing in 7 dogs

What % had PUO concurrently?

What % achieved full or partial union (and what was the mean age of the dogs)?

A

62.5%

100% (mean age 14 months)

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35
Q

Easter 2020 - Accuracy of three-dimensional printed patient-specific drill guides for treatment of canine humeral intracondylar fissure

What % of screws using guides were intra-articular?

A

0%

36
Q

Mella VCOT 2022 - Computed Tomographic Features of Non-Lame French Bulldog Elbows

What were the main features?

A

No HIFs, 38% had intracondylar sclerotic band

37
Q

Castaldo VCOT 2021 - Biomechanical Comparison of External Fixation and Double Plating for Stabilization of a Canine Cadaveric Supracondylar Humeral Fracture Gap Model

What system had a higher yield load?

A

Double plating

38
Q

Gall JFMS 2022 - Analysis of feline humeral fracture morphology and a comparison of fracture repair stabilisation methods: 101 cases (2009–2020)

What factor was positively correlated with time to radiographic healing and acceptable function?

A

Body weight

39
Q

Anderson VS 2023 - Humeral condylar fractures and fissures in the French bulldog

Which fixation technique were most likely to result in a major complication? How much more likely? What was this complication?

What % had a HIF?

A

Transcondylar screw and K wires (7.62x), TCS migration

58%

40
Q

Jenkins 2022 - Medial epicondylar fissure fracture as a complication of transcondylar screw placement for the treatment of humeral intracondylar fissure

What was the incidence of medial epicondylar fissure fracture?

What increased the risk of MEF#?

What other complication was most frequently seen?

A

11% following ML transcondylar screw placement

Larger screw size to height of condyle

Screw loosening

41
Q

Raleigh VS 2021 - Influence of interlocking thread screws to repair simulated adult canine humeral condylar fractures

How was the biomechanical performance of constructs affected with interlocking thread screws?

A

It was improved

42
Q

Garcia VS 2020 - Bilateral locking compression plate and transcondylar screw fixation for stabilisation of canine bicondylar humeral fractures

What was the major complication rate reported?

A

7%

43
Q

Villamil VS 2020 - Impact of breed on canine humeral condylar fracture configuration, surgical management, and outcome

Which breed is most likely affected by medial condylar fracture (how much more likely)?

What % had reduced elbow ROM post-op?

What % had an excellent outcome?

A

F.Bulldog (6.58x

69%

84%

44
Q

Brash VCOT 2022 - Visibility of Transcondylar Screw Fractures in Standard and Extended Scale Computed Tomography Images

What % of screw fractures were visualised with the aid of extended scale CT?

What CT finding is indicative of screw fracture?

A

100%

A hypoattenuating streak perpendicular to the implant in standard images

45
Q

Schettler VCOT 2022 - A Prevalence Study of Canine Humeral Condylar Fractures Over a Ten-Year Period at an Academic Teaching Hospital

What are the most likely breeds affected by humeral condylar fractures?

Which fracture morphologies are most common (in order give 3)?

A

F.Bulldogs, Cocker Sp., Boston Terriers, Brittany Spaniels

Lateral condylar fractures, Y/T, Medial condylar

46
Q

Kvale JSAP 2022 - Epicondylar plate fixation of humeral condylar fractures in immature French bulldogs: 45 cases

What was the overall complication rate?

What % had an excellent short term outcome?

A

13% (9% major, 4% minor)

78%

47
Q

Carwardine JSAP 2021 - Outcomes, complications and risk factors following fluoroscopically guided transcondylar screw placement for humeral intracondylar fissure

What was the post-op complication rate? Major complication rate?

What % required revision surgery?

What was the most common major complication?

A

45% (20%)

15%

Implant failure, persistent SSI

48
Q

Fuchter VCOT 2023 - Biomechanical Comparison of Cortical Lag Screws and Cortical Position Screws for Their Generation of Interfragmentary Compression and Area of Compression in Simulated Lateral Humeral Condylar Fractures

What was the main finding?

A

Ovine model. 3.5 lag generated greater compression than preloaded positional screw.

49
Q

Condon VCOT 2024 - Humeral Condylar Fractures in French Bulldogs—Inciting Cause and Factors Influencing Complications of Internal Fixation in 136 Dogs

What was the most common form of humeral condylar fracture?

What was the overall complication rate? And what % were major vs minor?

What increased risk of major complications?

A

Lateral condylar fracture (70%)

22% (33% major, 66% minor)

Comminution of fracture

50
Q

Low VCOT 2023 - Long-Term Outcome and Complications after Transcondylar Screw Placement for Canine Humeral Intracondylar Fissure

What was the total complication rate (and major comp)?

What factor was associated with a DECREASED risk of complications?

A

17.5% (5%)

Increasing age

Post-operative complication not associated with less than full function

51
Q

Neal VS 2023 - The effect of an aiming device on the accuracy of humeral transcondylar screw placement

Risk of joint involvement was greater or lower in the aiming device group?

A

8x GREATER (but not significant)

52
Q

What is this implant called? What is it for?

A

Canine humeral anatomic plating system (CHAPS) for humeral condylar fracture repair in spaniels

53
Q

Danielski VS 2022 - Humero-anconeal elbow incongruity in spaniel breed dogs with humeral intracondylar fissure: Arthroscopic findings

What arthroscope portal was used?

What was the main finding?

A

Caudo-medial arthroscope portal - midpoint between epicondyle & olecranon.

Elbows with HIF had a focal cartilage lesion on the caudal aspect of the humeral condyle - ranged from simple indentation to full thickness cartilage erosion.
Humero-anconeal incongruity identified in all HIF elbows.

54
Q

Crehuet VS 2021 - Biomechanical comparison of humeral condyles with experimental intracondylar fissures immobilized with a transcondylar positional or a lag screw: An ex-vivo study in dogs

What was the main finding?

A

Stiffness, yield load and maximum load were greater in constructs fixed with a positional rather than a lag screw.

55
Q

Pardo VS 2021 - Accuracy of medial-to-lateral transcondylar screw placement using an aiming device and preoperative computer tomography planning for the treatment of humeral intracondylar fissure

What % of screws were completely within the condyle?

What % of screws were placed <2mm from planned entry and exit points?

A

97%

38%

IMEX AIMING DEVICE

56
Q

Eayrs VCOT 2021 - Repair of Fractures of the Lateral Aspect of the Humeral Condyle in Skeletally Mature Dogs with Locking and Non-Locking Plate

What % of fractures had a persistent visible intracondylar fracture line at post-op imaging?

A

80%

57
Q

Danielski VS 2024 - Influence of oblique proximal ulnar osteotomy on humeral intracondylar fissures in 35 spaniel breed dogs

What % of elbows had partial or complete healing?

What was the rate of major complications?

A

80% (25.4% partial, 54.9% complete)

15%

58
Q

Potamopo VCOT 2023 - Correlation between the Insertion Side of a Transcondylar Screw for the Surgical Management of Humeral Intracondylar Fissures in Dogs and the Incidence of Postoperative Surgical Site Infection

What was the main finding?

A

No significant difference in short term SSI occurrence between ML and LM screws.

59
Q

Shelter VS 2022 - The use of lateral arthroscopy portals for the management of bilateral osteochondritis dissecans of the radial head in an English bulldog

What were the landmarks for the lateral scope portal?

A

Scope portal in centre of triangle formed by the lateral epicondyle, radial head and olecranon tuberosity.
Egress - adjacent to anconeus in CDD and medial direction. Craniolateral instrument port - between lateral epicondyle and radial head- 1cm cranial to scope portal and caudal to LCL

60
Q

Atamna VS 2021 - The effect of the interosseous ligament and selected antebrachiocarpal ligaments on rotation of the radius during extension of the carpus

What effect did the carpal extension/flexion have on the radius?

A

extension - internal rotation of the radius

flexion - external rotation of the radius

61
Q

Aikawa VS 2019 - Clinical outcomes of 119 miniature and toy-breed dogs with 130 distal radial and ulnar fractures repaired with free-form multiplanar type II external skeletal fixation

What % of fractures healed?

What was the major complication rate?

What was the minor complication rate?

A

100%

3%

37%

62
Q

Muroi VCOT 2021 - A Retrospective Study of Postoperative Development of Implant-Induced Osteoporosis in Radial–Ulnar Fractures in Toy Breed Dogs Treated with Plate Fixation

What effect did the use of locking vs non-locking screws have?

Bone density was improved when…?

A

NONE

…in dogs <6m, bone density improved after 3 months
…plate was removed

63
Q

Higuchi JSAP 2021 - Clinical outcomes of orthogonal plating to treat radial and ulnar fractures in toy-breed dogs

What % had fracture healing?

A

96%

Re-fracture after plate removal in 1 case

64
Q

Schmokel JSAP 2021 - Infection rate treating radial and ulnar fractures using bone plate fixation without antibiotic prophylaxis

What % of cases had deep infection/superficial infection?

A

3%

65
Q

Sukumaran JAVMA 2020 - Repair of a pathological radial fracture secondary to radioulnar ischemic necrosis in a dog

How was this case managed?

Outcome?

A

Fibrous tissue filled fracture gap at surgery, so was resected & fracture stabilised.

Healing of fracture and resolution of RUIN lesion at 15 post-op

66
Q

Camiletti JSAP 2024 - Successful centralisation technique for treatment of post- traumatic absence of the radial shaft in a dog

Briefly, what does a centralisation technique involve?

A

Distal aspect of radius attached to osteotomised ulna

67
Q

Townsend VS 2024 - Comparison of three-dimensional printed patient-specific guides versus freehand approach for radial osteotomies in normal dogs: Ex vivo model

What was the main finding of this paper?

A

Mean osteotomy angle deviation was LESS for 3D guide (c.f. free hand) IN ALL OSTEOTOMIES

68
Q

Senn VS 2024 - Effects of simulated radioulnar synostosis on supination and pronation in cats. A cadaveric study

What was the main finding of this paper?

How did the location of the synostosis affect this finding?

A

More than a 2/3 reduction in pronation/supination

Location of the synostosis did not change the angle

69
Q

Maker JFMS 2024 - Feline radial and ulnar diaphyseal fractures: a retrospective study of 49 cases comparing single bone fixation and dual bone fixation

What was the main finding?

A

No benefit to performing double bone fixation (vet or owner outcomes)

70
Q

Kulendra VCOT 2019 - Outcome of Supraglenoid Tubercle Fractures in 12 Dogs

What was the overall success rate for management of these fractures?
What muscle originates at the supraglenoid tubercle?
What was the major complication rate?

A

75%

Biceps brachii

12.5%

cases with comminution have a higher complication rate

71
Q

Zann VS 2023 - Long-term outcome of dogs treated by surgical debridement of proximal humeral osteochondrosis

What long term effect was seen on the operated limb?

A

4.4% decreased load, ROM reduced, OA present in all

72
Q

Aoki VS 2021 - Effects of shoulder distraction on canine shoulder arthroscopy

What effect did shoulder distraction have?

A

No improvement in visibility or palpability of intra-articular structures, but reduced iatrogenic cartilage lesions

73
Q

von Pfeil VS 2021 - Orthopedic and ultrasonographic examination findings in 128 shoulders of 64 ultra-endurance Alaskan sled dogs

What was the most common US abnormality observed?

And how did US correlate to clinical findings?

A

Fluid around the biceps tendon

No association w. clinical findings

74
Q

Vezzoni VCOT 2021 - A modification of the Cheli craniolateral approach for minimally invasive treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the shoulder in dogs: description of the technique and outcome in 164 cases

Briefly describe this approach and the positioning of the dog?

How does this approach differ to the Cheli approach?

A

See picture

Does not require humeral head luxation

75
Q

Jones VCOT 2019 - Measurement of Shoulder Abduction Angles in Dogs: An Ex Vivo Study of Accuracy and Repeatability

What was the main finding of this paper?

A

Shoulder flexion angle can significantly affect measured abduction angles

76
Q

Abbey JSAP 2021 - Prevalence of mineralisation of the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle in non-lame dogs

What % of NON-LAME dogs had supraspinatus mineralisation?

A

4%

77
Q

Hammer JSAP 2021 - Inverted V-shaped extracapsular stabilisation technique and arthroscopic findings in six dogs with medial shoulder instability

What soft tissue structures were most frequently damaged?

Implant loosening was recorded in what % and what was done to rectify it?

Full function %? Acceptable function %?

A

Subscapularis and medial glenohumeral ligament

33% - no revision performed

66% full function, 33% acceptable function

78
Q

Kennedy VCOT 2024 - Evaluation of Canine Shoulder Arthroscopy for Anatomical and Safety Considerations

What instrument and cameral portal position could observe lesions in the lateral glenohumeral ligament?

A

Caudal instrument portal
Middle scope Portal

79
Q

Phipps VS 2023 - Functional outcomes of dogs undergoing shoulder arthrodesis with 2 locking compression plates

What was the most common indication for shoulder arthrodesis?

What was the major and minor complication rate?

A

Luxation

0% major
17% minor

80
Q

Danielski JAVMA 2023 - Lower body weight and increasing age are significant risk factors for complications following bi-oblique proximal ulnar osteotomy in dogs

Post-op complication rate (major and minor)?

Most common major complication?

Most common minor complication?

A

42% (14% major, 28% minor)

Non-union

Delayed union

81
Q

Tani VS 2022 - Reconstruction of the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon with a fascia lata autograft in two dogs with carpal hyperextension

What was the post-op management?

What is the site of insertion and origin for the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Type 1 ESF for 6 weeks

Origin: MEDIAL epicondyle and medial aspect of prox ulna
Insertion: Accessory carpal bone

82
Q

Chong VCOT 2022 - Retrospective Comparison of Titanium Hybrid Locking Plate with Stainless Steel Hybrid Dynamic Compression Plate for Pancarpal Arthrodesis: 23 Dogs

What was the difference in major and minor complication rates between these fixation methods?

A

NO DIFFERENCE

83
Q

Castilla VCOT 2020 - Carpal Extension Angles in Agility Dogs Exiting the A-Frame and Hurdle Jumps

What was the effect of a carpal brace on carpal extension angles?

A

None

mean carpal extension 125 degrees

84
Q

Pilot JFMS 2021 - Chronic paronychia in cats with patellar fracture and dentalanomaly syndrome

What % of digits affected resolved with medical therapy?

How were the rest managed?

A

17%

Amputation of the 3rd phalanx

85
Q

Mund VCOT 2023 - Management of Feline Femoral, Tibial and Humeral Fractures Using a 3.5 mm Titanium Interlocking Nail

What system was used? And what type of ILN is it?

What was the complication rate?

What was the major complication rate and what were they?

What was associated with major complications?

A

Marmed (non-angle stable ILN)

16%

12%, screw breakage, nail breakage, nail bending, screw loosening and non-union

Fracture morphology - transverse fractures more prone to major complications

Journals Tristan BNOC (6 decks)

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