Structure of DNA and RNA

Question 1

What is DNA?

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 2

What is RNA

Answer 2

Ribonucleic acid

Question 3

What is the role of DNA?

Answer 3

Holds genetic information

Question 4

What is the role of RNA?

Answer 4

Transfers genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes

Question 5

How are ribosomes formed?

Answer 5

RNA and proteins

Question 6

What are both DNA and RNA polymers of?

Answer 6

Nucleotides

Question 7

What is the structure of nucleotides?

Answer 7

-phosphate group
\
Pentose sugar-N

(Nitrogen-containing organic base)

Question 8

What are the components of DNA nucleotides?

Answer 8

• Deoxyribose sugar
• Phosphate group
• one of the organic bases (G,C) (T,A)

Question 9

What are the components of RNA nucleotides?

Answer 9

-Phosphate group

-ribose sugar

• One of the organic bases (G,C) (U,A)

Question 10

How is a phosphodiester bond formed?

Answer 10

A condensation reaction between two nucleotides

Question 11

Describe the structure of DNA

Answer 11

• Double helix with 2 polynucleotide chains held together by hydrogen bonds between specific complementary base pairs

Question 12

Describe the structure of RNA

Answer 12

Relatively short polynucleotide chain

Question 13

Why did scientists doubt DNA carried genetic code?

Answer 13

Due to the relative simplicity of the molecule

Question 14

What 2 strictures are ribosomes made from?

Answer 14

RNA and proteins