Specialised cells Flashcards
What is the general process of cell specialisation?
- The first group of cells in embryo are initially identical
- Cell becomes specialised in structure to optimise function when matured
What is the general process of cell specialisation?
- The first group of cells in embryo are initially identical
- Cell becomes specialised in structure to optimise function when matured
Are all genes used in specialised cells?
No some genes are switched on other off depending on the cell
What varies in different specialised cells?
- Shape
- Number of organelles
What is the relationship between specialised cells and multicolour organisms?
- Specialised cells have evolved to become more and more suited to one function
- Organism functions more efficiently
What is a tissue?
A group of similar cells organised into a structural unit that serves a particular function
How are epithelial tissues specialised?
- Consist of sheets of cells
- Line surface of organs > have a protective or secretory function
Example of epithelial cells?
- Epithelial cells which are thin and line the surface of organs where diffusion takes place > alveoli
What is an organ?
A combination of tissues that are coordinated to preform a variety of functions (predominately one function)
What is an example of an organ?
- Stomach > muscle tissues to churn and mix stomach contents
- Epithelium to protect stomach wall and produce secretions
- Connective tissues to hold other tissues together
What is an organ system?
- Organs working together a single unit to preform particular functions
- May be grouped together for efficiency
What is an example of an organ system/
- The respiratory system > used for breathing and gas exchange > made up of organs such as trachea, bronchi, and lung