structure of cells and organelles

Question 1

what is the nucleus surrounded by?

Answer 1

nuclear envelope where dna is stored

Question 2

how big are eukaryotic cells?

Answer 2

ranging from 10-100 micro metres

Question 3

what do animal cells have instead of a cell wall?

Answer 3

cytoskeleton- filament of proteins
provides support + internal transport for the cell

Question 4

role of nucleus

Answer 4

genetic info stored as dna
site of gene transcription- dna->rna

Question 5

role of endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 5

rough ER:
site of protein translation- mrna->protein
protein folding and quality control
transfer of proteins to the golgi

smooth ER:
involved in synthesis of lipids

Question 6

role of golgi apparatus

Answer 6

receives proteins and lipids from ER
modifies, sorts, concentrates and packs them into vesicles
depending on content these are dispatched to:
-within cell to lysosomes
-plasma membrane of the cell
-outside of cell

Question 7

role of lysosomes

Answer 7

-specialised membrane enclosed vesicles that form in golgi complex
-contain powerful digestive (hydrologic) enzyme
-help remove waste/ breakdown toxic compounds

Question 8

role of centrosome

Answer 8

centrioles and pericentriolar material inside play a role in cell division and building microtubules

Question 9

role of mitochondria

Answer 9

-generate ATP
-very metabolically active cells (muscles and kidney cells) have many
-have their own dna and sel replicate to adapt cell to increased cellular demand

Question 10

role of cytoskeleton

Answer 10

-network of fine protein filaments that extend through cytosol
-mechanical support
-involved in cell movement and locomotion
-help organelles to move about the cell
-involved in cell division

Question 11

role of ribosomes

Answer 11

synthesize proteins