anatomical terminology

Question 1

what does anatomical neutral mean

Answer 1

-standing upright
-knees facing forward and legs straight
-palms facing forward
-toes pointing straight
-arms by side

Question 2

what does supine mean

Answer 2

lying on back

Question 3

what is prone?

Answer 3

lying on front

Question 4

what is the coronal plane

Answer 4

divides body into front and back

Question 5

what is the median sagittal plane?

Answer 5

divides body into left and right
passes through body front to back

Question 6

what is the transverse/ axial/ horizontal plane

Answer 6

divides body into top and bottom

Question 7

what does anterior mean

Answer 7

closer to front

Question 8

what does posterior back

Answer 8

closer to back

Question 9

what does inferior mean

Answer 9

closer to bottom

Question 10

what does superior mean

Answer 10

closer to top

Question 11

what does elevation mean

Answer 11

moving joint up

Question 12

what does depression mean

Answer 12

moving joint down

Question 13

what does abduction mean

Answer 13

moving limb away from midline

Question 14

what does adduction mean

Answer 14

moving limb closer to the midline

Question 15

what does proximal mean

Answer 15

closer to trunk

Question 16

what does distal mean

Answer 16

further from trunk

Question 17

what does superficial and deep mean

Answer 17

s: closer to surface
d: further from surface

Question 18

what does flexion and extension mean

Answer 18

f: decreases angle of joint (bend)
e: increases angle of joint (straightens)

Question 19

what does lateral and medial rotation mean

Answer 19

l: rotational movement away from the midline
m: rotational movement towards from the midline

Question 20

what is erect mean

Answer 20

standing or sitting upright

Question 21

what is lateral mean

Answer 21

turned to side

Question 22

what is oblique mean

Answer 22

turned at an angle anywhere from flat to lateral

Question 23

what is decubitus mean

Answer 23

lying on side

Question 24

what does AP mean

Answer 24

central x-ray beam passes through the body from anterior to posterior

Question 25

what does PA mean

Answer 25

central x-ray beam passes from posterior to anterior

Question 26

what does lateral (PT) mean

Answer 26

central x-ray beam passes from one side of the body to the other

Question 27

what are projections from the hand and feet called

Answer 27

DP projections

Question 28

what does dorsopalmer mean

Answer 28

central beam passes through the dorsal of the hand and exists through the palm (PA)

Question 29

what does dorsoplantar mean

Answer 29

central beam passes through the dorsum of the foot through the plantar surface (AP)

Question 30

what is the 10 point checklist

Answer 30

patient ID
anatomical markers and legends
area of interest
collimation
patient position/technique
exposure
movement and sharpness
artefacts
pathology
overall diagnostic quality

Question 31

what is an anatomical variant

Answer 31

-differences in the structure of the human body that deviate from what is considered normal anatomy
-considered non-pathological
-common, usually asymptomatic (not causing disease)
-important to recognise them to avoid misdiagnosis/ unnecessary interventions