Structure of bone and function of Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts Flashcards
What are the two types of bone tissue?
Compact bone and Spongy/Cancellous bone.
What function does the Osteon perform?
The Osteon houses nerves, arteries and veins.
What is a bone?
A Bone is a type of organ as it is comprised of several types of tissue.
What is the outer layer of any bone made of out of?
Compact bone.
What is the inside layer of any bone?
Spongy/Cancellous bone.
What is the function of Osteoblasts?
Osteoblasts secrete bone matrix and cause bone growth.
What are Osteocytes?
Osteocytes are mature cells that monitor and communicate with other cells.
What are Osteoclasts?
Osteoblasts are multiple nuclei
What is the function of Osteoclasts?
Osteoclasts are cells that remove bone using enzymes that dissolve salts.
What are Trabeculae of cancellous?
Trabeculae of cancellous are the site of blood cell production and stem cells are also found here.
What are the end of the bones and its purpose?
The end of bones always ends in a joint in both the human and animal body, where two parts of the skeleton can be joined together.
The purpose is that they contain a protective layer of cartilage that reduces friction and prevent the wearing of the bones.
What is the Periosteum?
The Periosteum is a membrane covering the bone and supplies the compact bone with blood vessels.
What is Oestrogen?
Oestrogen is the female hormone that promotes the activity of osteoblasts.
How does menopause affect the condition of the bones?
During menopause, the oestrogen levels drop resulting in an imbalance of more bone being removed than created. The bone then becomes thinner and starts to resemble an honeycomb, leading to Osteoporosis.
