Structure of animal cells

Question 1

The hierarchy of biological organization in order (smallest to highest)

Answer 1

Atoms, Molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

Question 2

make
up the basic unit of life

Answer 2

Atoms and Molecules

Question 3

distinct and specialized
subcellular structures that contribute to the cell’s
maintenance and reproduction;
membrane-bound structures in
eukaryotic cells

Answer 3

Organelles

Question 4

the smallest, basic, functional
unit of life formed when
different atoms and molecules
combine and function together

Answer 4

Cell

Question 5

groups of cells that work
together to perform a
specialized function

Answer 5

Tissue

Question 6

groups of tissues that work
together to perform a
specialized function

Answer 6

organ

Question 7

groups of organs that work
together to perform a certain
process in the body

Answer 7

Organ system

Question 8

formed by different organ
systems that create complex
interactions with one another to
maintain balance or homeostasis,
and sustain life

Answer 8

organism

Question 9

organisms that belong to the
same species and live in the
same area

Answer 9

Population

Question 10

different populations living in
the same area

Answer 10

Community

Question 11

includes all the communities
interacting with one another and
with their environment

Answer 11

Ecosystem

Question 12

includes all the different kinds of
ecosystem

Answer 12

Biosphere

Question 13

Four main types of animal tissue

Answer 13

epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous
tissues.

Question 14

a type of animal tissue that forms the inner and outer
lining of organs, the covering in surfaces, and the primary glandular tissue of the body.

Answer 14

Epithelial Tissues

Question 15

Types of Epithelial Tissues

Answer 15

Simple squamous epithelium, simple cuboidal epithelium, simple columnar epithelium, pseudostratified columnar epithelium, stratified squamous epithelium, stratified cuboidal epithelium, stratified columnar epithelium

Question 16

Number of
Layers: one

Shape of
Cells: flat,
scale-like

Examples: air sacs or
alveoli, capillary
walls

Functions: site of diffusion or
exchange of
substances;
secretion

Answer 16

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 17

Number of
Layers: one

Shape of
Cells: cube-shaped

Examples: glands and their
ducts, ovaries,
and lining of
kidney tubules

Functions: absorption and
secretion

Answer 17

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 18

Number of
Layers: one

Shape of
Cells: elongated or column- shaped

Examples: walls of the gastro-
intestinal tract and body cavities

Functions: absorption and
secretion; contains
goblet cells that
secrete mucus

Answer 18

simple columnar epithelium

Question 19

Number of
Layers: one

Shape of
Cells: elongated or column- shaped

Examples: the lining of the
respiratory tract

Functions: absorption and
secretion;
usually ciliated
(with hair-like
projections called
cilia); cells have
unequal length and
position of nucleus
forming a false
(hence, pseudo-)
layering of cells

Answer 19

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 20

Number of
Layers: more than
one

Shape of
Cells: flat,
scale-like

Examples: the epidermis,
lining of mouth,
esophagus, and
vagina

Functions: protection against
abrasion or
constant exposure
to friction

Answer 20

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Question 21

Number of
Layers: more than
one

Shape of
Cells: Cube-shaped

Examples: sweat glands,
salivary glands,
and mammary
glands

Functions: protection and
secretion

Answer 21

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 22

Number of
Layers: more than
one

Shape of
Cells: elongated or column-
shaped

Examples: male urethra
and ducts of
some glands

Functions: protection and
secretion

Answer 22

Stratified columnar epithelium