Overview of the nervous system Flashcards
It is the network of nerve cells and fibers which transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.
The Nervous System
Two major parts
Peripheral and Central nervous system
serves as the control center of the body.
Brain
It is composed of the brain and the spinal cord
Central Nervous System (CNS)
It is composed of neurons outside the central nervous system.
They communicate through electrochemical signals or nerve impulses.
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
serves as the passageway for nerve impulses.
Spinal Chord
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) communicate through?
electrochemical signals or nerve impulses.
These are the nervous system’s most basic cell units, also called nerve cells.
Neurons
They transmit signals in the form of electrical impulses or chemical signals.
Neurons
Parts of A Neuron
Parts of A Neuron
Dendrites
Axon
Soma
Terminal button
Synapse
are the long transmitting parts that conduct electrical impulses away from the nerve cell’s body
Axons
are the short, tree-like extensions of nerve cells, along which electrical impulses are received from other cells.
Dendrites
contains the cell’s nucleus and is responsible for regulating the actions of a neuron.
Soma or cell body
Neurons may be classified according to their functions and structure.
Functional Classification
Structural Classification
In the Functional Classification of Neurons, Neurons may be classified based on how they carry impulses such as:
Sensory Neurons
Motor Neurons
Interneurons
These carry impulses from the body to the CNS and relay signals back to the spinal cord or the brain.
These are also known as afferent neurons.
Sensory Neuron
These carry impulses and signals back to the body from the central nervous system.
They also known as efferent neurons.
Motor Neurons
These serve as connection points in between sensory and motor neurons.
are also known as association neurons.
Interneurons
What are Sensory neurons also known as?
Afferent Neurons
What are motor neurons also known as?
Efferent neurons
What are Interneurons known as?
association neurons.
Neurons may also be classified based on structure, or what parts they contain
Structural Classification of Neurons
Types of neurons based on structure
Multipolar Neuron
Bipolar Neuron
Unipolar Neuron
This contains one axon but multiple dendrites.
It is capable of integrating large amounts of information because of multiple dendrites
Multipolar neuron