Overview of the nervous system

Question 1

It is the network of nerve cells and fibers which transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.

Answer 1

The Nervous System

Question 2

Two major parts

Answer 2

Peripheral and Central nervous system

Question 2

serves as the control center of the body.

Answer 2

Brain

Question 3

It is composed of the brain and the spinal cord

Answer 3

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Question 4

It is composed of neurons outside the central nervous system.

They communicate through electrochemical signals or nerve impulses.

Answer 4

The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 5

serves as the passageway for nerve impulses.

Answer 5

Spinal Chord

Question 6

The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) communicate through?

Answer 6

electrochemical signals or nerve impulses.

Question 7

These are the nervous system’s most basic cell units, also called nerve cells.

Answer 7

Neurons

Question 8

They transmit signals in the form of electrical impulses or chemical signals.

Answer 8

Neurons

Question 9

Parts of A Neuron

Answer 9

Parts of A Neuron

Dendrites
Axon
Soma
Terminal button
Synapse

Question 10

are the long transmitting parts that conduct electrical impulses away from the nerve cell’s body

Answer 10

Axons

Question 11

are the short, tree-like extensions of nerve cells, along which electrical impulses are received from other cells.

Answer 11

Dendrites

Question 12

contains the cell’s nucleus and is responsible for regulating the actions of a neuron.

Answer 12

Soma or cell body

Question 13

Neurons may be classified according to their functions and structure.

Answer 13

Functional Classification

Structural Classification

Question 14

In the Functional Classification of Neurons, Neurons may be classified based on how they carry impulses such as:

Answer 14

Sensory Neurons
Motor Neurons
Interneurons

Question 15

These carry impulses from the body to the CNS and relay signals back to the spinal cord or the brain.

These are also known as afferent neurons.

Answer 15

Sensory Neuron

Question 16

These carry impulses and signals back to the body from the central nervous system.

They also known as efferent neurons.

Answer 16

Motor Neurons

Question 17

These serve as connection points in between sensory and motor neurons.

are also known as association neurons.

Answer 17

Interneurons

Question 18

What are Sensory neurons also known as?

Answer 18

Afferent Neurons

Question 19

What are motor neurons also known as?

Answer 19

Efferent neurons

Question 20

What are Interneurons known as?

Answer 20

association neurons.

Question 21

Neurons may also be classified based on structure, or what parts they contain

Answer 21

Structural Classification of Neurons

Question 22

Types of neurons based on structure

Answer 22

Multipolar Neuron
Bipolar Neuron
Unipolar Neuron

Question 23

This contains one axon but multiple dendrites.

It is capable of integrating large amounts of information because of multiple dendrites

Answer 23

Multipolar neuron

Question 24

This has two distinct nerve processes, usually in the form of one axon and one dendrite.

This is commonly seen associated with sensory organs.

Answer 24

Bipolar dendrite

Question 25

This has one distinct nerve cell body.

This is commonly seen associated with ganglia.

Answer 25

Unipolar neuron

Question 26

These are named for their stellar shape and also known as astroglia.

These are for structural support for the brain, tissue repair, modulation, and metabolic regulators.

are the most abundant neuroglial cells in the CNS.

Answer 26

Astrocytes

Question 26

Neuroglial Cells in the Central Nervous System

Answer 26

Astrocytes
Microglial Cell
Ependymal cell
Oligodendrocyte

Question 26

These act as the defenders of the CNS against infections.

These are macrophages and serve the function of destroying pathogens

Answer 26

Microglial cells

Question 27

These produce cerebrospinal fluid, which is a fluid that acts as a cushioning agent for the CNS.

Answer 27

Ependymal Cell

Question 27

These are also known as oligodendroglia.

They produce the myelin that makes up the myelin sheaths of the cells of the CNS.

Answer 27

Oligodendrites

Question 28

are found as coatings of the nerve cells of the PNS.

Answer 28

Satellite cells

Question 29

are the** PNS equivalent of oligodendrocytes** that produce myelin for the nerve cells.

Answer 29

Schwann cells

Question 30

Concentric wrapping of Schwann cells around the axon forms the

Answer 30

Myelin Sheath

Question 31

is used for insulating the electrical signals for a more efficient transmission.

Answer 31

Myelin Sheath