HORMONES AND DISORDERS Flashcards
is any disturbance within the body, which can also be referred to as general adaptation syndrome
Stress
is produced by the adrenal glands when the body experiences stress. also known as the emergency hormone
Adrenaline or epinephrine
It results when the thyroid produces a lot of thyroid hormones.
Hyperthyroidism
is a condition where a person experiences symptoms like nervousness, rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and protruding eyes.
Hyperthyroidism
It results from the over or under stimulation of the anterior pituitary.
Hypothyroidism or goiter
is condition where the enlargement of thyroid gland occurs.
Hypothyroidism or goiter
seafood is rich in
iodine
Thyroid hormones uses ———— , a component of iodized salt and seafood, in making thyroid hormones
iodide
determine the rate of metabolism in the body.
Thyroid hormones
is a condition in adults where the bones of the face and the hands thicken.
This is also caused by hypersecretion or overproduction of GH.
Acromegaly
is the abnormal or excessive growth.
This is caused by hypersecretion or overproduction of GH which can cause the femur to grow very long.
Gigantism
was the shortest man in history with a height of 1.95 ft.
Chandra Bahadur Dangi
is a condition characterized by stunted growth in children. This is caused by the hyposecretion or underproduction of GH.
Hypopituitary dwarfism
controls normal growth. Its function is to increase the growth rate of the bones and secreted by the pituitary gland.
Growth hormones (GH) or the somatotropin
Hormonal impediments and abnormalities may lead to ——————————– which can be temporary or permanent
biological and physiological disorders
Blood glucose meter monitors the sugar level for ———— which is a common hormonal disorder
Diabetes
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine due to ————— to increase the amount of energy available for immediate use.
short-term stress
affects heart and metabolic rates.
Epinephrine
controls blood pressure.
Norepinephrine
in long-term stress, —————- stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete corticosteroids
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
like cortisol, stimulates fuel-mobilization by promoting glucose synthesis from proteins.
Glucocorticoids
maintains salt and water balance.
Mineralocorticoids
is a condition where there is a decreased secretion from adrenal cortex due.
This is caused by cortex degradation due to autoimmune responses, tuberculosis or invasion by cancer.
Addison’s disease
Syndrome is where there is excess secretion of the adrenal cortex.
It is caused by high levels of cortisol in the blood due to an adrenal gland tumor.
Cushing’s Syndrome
Cushing’s Syndrome synptoms
buffalo hump, moon face, excessive hairiness, acne everywjere, slow healing of cuts, irregular menustration
regulates how the body uses and stores glucose and fat.
It is produced by the pancreas.
Insulin
Insulin, a peptide hormone consisting of – amino acid residues
51
impact blood glucose levels and insulin production.
They start as a metabolic syndrome related to both hormonal and nutritional imbalances.
Diabetes and hypoglycemia
happens when the body does not respond to insulin leading to blood glucose imbalance
Insulin resistance
forms of diabetes
Prediabetes, Type 1 diabetes , Type 2 diabetes
is the condition when blood glucose levels are higher than normal range but not enough to exhibit diabetes diagnosis.
Prediabetes
occurs when the pancreas makes very little or no insulin.
This can be solved by taking insulin every day.
Type 1 diabetes
is when the body becomes resistant to the action of insulin.
It is the most common form of diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes
Synptoms of typw 2 diabetes
Increased thirst, frequent urination, feeling very tired, blurry vision, slow healing of wound, abnormal patches of dark skin
are the reproductive hormones.
Estrogen and progesterone (women) and testosterone (men)
happens when the ovaries fail to develop or function properly.
Ovarian insufficiency or premature menopause
can be associated with low estrogen and causes gradual loss of bone density (osteoporosis).
Menopause
is when ovaries form collections of fluid in the follicle and fail to regularly release eggs.
Symptoms: irregular menstrual periods
Cause: excess androgen levels
Polycystic ovary syndrome
cause of Polycystic ovary syndrome
Cause: excess androgen levels
a hormone that regulates the sleep–wake cycle
Melatonin
is the trouble in sleeping
Insomnia or sleep deprivation
