Structure des Acides nucléiques Flashcards

1
Q

Nucléoside =

A

base azotée + glucide

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2
Q

bases puriques

A

adénine

guanine

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3
Q

bases pyrimidiques

A

cytosine
uracile
thymine

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4
Q

Azidothymidine aka AZT

A

// 2’ désoxythymidine

  • blocage élongation
  • terminateur de chaîne
  • transcriptase inverse inhibée
  • réplication virale possible
  • traitement VIH
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5
Q

Valaciclovir

Norfloxacine

A

// desoxyguanosine

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6
Q

Valaciclovir

A

traitement zona (terminateur)

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7
Q

Norfloxacine

A

Antibiotique

Traitement bactéries anaérobies

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8
Q

ATP

A

Adénosine tri phosphate

fournit énergie à la cellule par rupture des ln phosphoanhydres (2: P-O-P-O-P) riches en E

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9
Q

ADNsb

A

2´demésoxyribonucléosides reliés par ln phosphodiesters

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10
Q

ARN

A

ribonucléosided reliés par ln phosphodiesters

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11
Q

détermination ADN

A

J.Watson F.Crick en 53

= support hérédité chez eucaryotes

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12
Q

ADN-B

A
  • enroulement hélicoïdal droit
  • tour = 10pb aka 3,4nm
  • diamètre = 2nm
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13
Q

modif de bases ADN

A

méthylation des cytosines: répression des gènes

hydroxylation des guanines par ERO: modif pathologique

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14
Q

modif de bases ARN

A

méthylation en 2’-OH des riboses après transcription: évite dégradation par ARNases

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15
Q

autres modif de bases

A

5-hydroxyméthylcytosine:
P: dans ADN de phages T paires
E: rôle épigénétique dans régulation gènes

Isopentényl-adénine: hm de plantes

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