structural and inflammatory disorders Flashcards
structural
- Cleft lip and palate
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease
- Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
- Hirschsprung’s disease, and intussusception.
inflammatory disorders
Appendicitis
Meckel’s diverticulum.
cleft lip and palate
- Results from the incomplete fusion of the oral cavity during intrauterine life.
Although a CL and CP can occur together, either defect can appear alone.
- The defects can be unilateral (one-sided) or bilateral (two-sided).
cleft lip repair
- Repair is typically done between 2 to 3 months of age.
- Revisions are usually required in severe defects.
cleft palate repair
- Repair is typically done between 6 to 12 months of age.
- Most require a second surgery.
therapeutic procedures for isolated cleft lip
- Encourage breast feeding.
- Use a wide-based nipple for bottle feeding.
- Squeeze the infant’s cheeks together during feeding to decrease the gap.
for cleft palate or cleft lip and palate
- Position the infant upright while cradling the head during feeding.
- Use a specialized bottle with a one-way valve and a specially cut nipple.
- Syringe feeding can be necessary for the infant who is unsuccessful with other methods.
cleft complications
ear infections
speech and lanaguage impairment
dental probelms
ear infections and hearing loss
- Feed the infant in an upright position.
- Monitor temperature.
- Insertion of tubes to facilitate fluid drainage
GIRD infants
- Spitting up or forceful vomiting, irritability, excessive crying, blood in vomitus, arching of back, stiffening
- Respiratory problems
- Failure to thrive
- Apnea
gird children
Heartburn, abdominal pain, difficulty swallowing, chronic cough, noncardiac chest pain
nursing care for gird
- Offer small, frequent meals.
- Thicken infants formula with rice cereal
- Avoid foods that cause reflux (caffeine, citrus, peppermint, spicy or fried foods).
- Assist with weight control.
- Position the child with the head elevated after meals.
- Position prone with extreme caution; supine is still the recommended position
gird medicine
Initiate a proton pump inhibitor such as
Omeprazole
Esomeprazole
Pantoprazole and rabeprazole
H2-receptor antagonist
Ranitidine
Cimetidine
Famotidine.
nissen fundoplication
- Laparoscopic surgical procedure that wraps the fundus of the stomach around the distal esophagus to decrease reflux.
- Used for clients who have severe cases of GERD
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
- spinictor blocked
- projectile vomit
- Thickening of the pyloric sphincter, which creates an obstruction.