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bacteriology > Strep > Flashcards

Strep Flashcards

1
Q

fermenters but not gas producers

A

Strep and entero

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2
Q

Grow poorly in nutrient agar and tryptic soy broth

A

Strep and entero

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3
Q

• young-cultures have capsule in cell morphology

A

Strep

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4
Q

grayish, pinpoint, translucent to slightly opaque
• shows mucoid colonies

A

Strep

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5
Q

• some are aerotolerant
o microorganisms that grow in presence of oxygen but
unable to use oxygen for metabolism

A

Strep

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6
Q

Most notorious species – most clinically important species of strep?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes
• Streptococcus pneumoniae

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7
Q

o members of streptococcus that shows growth at 37°C
o usually produces rapidly
o mostly beta-hemolyt

A

Pyogenic Group

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8
Q

growth at 37°C and 45°C
o species: Enterococcus faecalis
o mostly normal inhabitants of the upper respiratory tract

A

Viridans group

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9
Q

growth at lower temperatures (10°C & 37°C)
o often found in dairy products
o species: Streptococcus lactis
▪ an organism that can cause normal coagulation
of milk or dairy products which leads to soaring

A

Lactococci

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10
Q

10°C, 37°C, & 45°C)
o wide range of temperature where they can show growth

A

Enterococcus

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11
Q

it is encapsulated even the old culture
which is a protection from the extraction of
the C-carbohydrate from the cell wall

A

S.pneu

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12
Q

Strep that - does not belong to any Lancefield
classification

A

S.pneu

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13
Q

Strep? M protein is attached to the peptidoglycan of the cell wall
and extends to the cell surface

A

Streptococcus pyogenes or Group A Streptococcus (GAS)

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14
Q

Strep pyo: is the most common serotype seen in
pharyngitis

A

M1 serotype

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15
Q

In strep pyo, this causes inflammation of oral cavity

A

M1 serotype

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16
Q

Strep pyo: are adhesion molecules that
mediate attachment to host epithelial cells.

A

Fibronectin-binding protein (Protein F) and
Lipoteichoic acid

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17
Q

Strep pyo: prevents opsonized
phagocytosis by neutrophils or macrophages. It also
allows the bacterium to mask its antigens and remain
unrecognized by its host

A

Hyaluronic acid capsule

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18
Q

Strep pyo: responsible for hemolysis on Sheep
Blood Agar plates incubated anaerobically

A
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19
Q

Strep pyo: oxygen-labile exotoxin

A

o Streptolysin O –

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20
Q

Strep pyo; responsible for the beta-hemolysis observed on
blood agar plates that are incubated
anaerobically
▪ causes subsurface hemolysis

A

streptolysin O

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21
Q

Strep pyo: lyses leukocytes and is non-
immunogenic

A

Streptolysin S

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22
Q

is an enzyme that
solubilizes the ground substance of mammalian
connective tissues
▪ allows the movement of organisms in tissues

A

Hyaluronidase

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23
Q

Strep pyo: red spreading rash
▪ contributes to the invasiveness of the
microorganism

A

Streptococcal pyrogenic endotoxins/erythrogenic
toxins

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24
Q

Strep throat is most often seen in children between 5
and 15 years of age

A

Strep pyo

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25
Q

Skin or pyodermal infections include
impetigo, cellulitis, erysipelas, wound infection, or arthritis

A

Strep pyo: pyodermal infections

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26
Q

invasive
infection characterized by rapidly progressing inflammation and
necrosis of the skin, subcutaneous fat, and fascia
o rapid progression of inflammation and skin necrosis
o flesh-eating bacteria

A

Strep pyo: Necrotizing Fasciitis (Galloping gangrene

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27
Q

Entire organ system shuts down
o Root cause: strep throat that was not managed
immediately

A

Strep pyo: Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

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28
Q

a group of immune-mediated complications
that usually occurs following a streptococci infection

A

sequelae

29
Q

2 types of Poststreptococcal sequelae: an inflammatory condition
that can affect different parts of the body

A

Rheumatic fever

30
Q

2 types of Poststreptococcal sequelae: inflammatory disease of the renal glomeruli
- caused by the deposition of antibody and
antigen complex in the glomerulus

A

Acute Glomerulonephritis/Bright’s disease –

31
Q

a punctuate exanthem overlying diffuse erythema
o communicable disease

A

Scarlet Fever (Scarlatina)

32
Q

diffused red rash on the upper chest spread to
the trunk and extremities
▪ “strawberry-colored tongue”
- caused by competition

A

Strep pyo: Scarlet Fever (Scarlatina)

33
Q

Anti-streptolysin O Test/Titer
Test/ASO Titer

A

Dick’s test

34
Q

Diagnostic test for scarlet fever

A

Schultz-Charlton Test

35
Q

Screening test to identify group A
 Streptococcus

A

Bacitracin Disk test/Taxo A (0.04 units

36
Q

identifies Group A and B Streptococci
o Positive result: Group A and B are resistant

A

Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim test (SXT)

37
Q

o Positive result of PYR test

A

Cherry red color

38
Q

Acid stable polysaccharide is located in the cell wall of what strep group?

A

Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcus (GBS)

39
Q

GBS: ▪ Serotypes Ia, IIb and II contain a terminal residue
of

A

Sialic acid

40
Q

The capsule prevents phagocytosis but is ineffective
after opsonization

A

GBS

41
Q

GBS: appears to be the most significant
component of the capsule and a critical virulence
determinanT

A

Sialic acid

42
Q

used to differentiate Group A from Group B Strep

A

CAMP test

43
Q

CAMP positive result

A

Arrow-head zone of B-hemolysis near
the growth of S. aureus

44
Q

utilized to detect the presence of the enzyme
hippuricase or hippurate hydrolase

A

Hippurate hydrolysis test

45
Q

Group that possesses the enzyme Hippuricase or Hippurate
hydrolase

A

GBS

46
Q

First rgt of HH test

A

Sodium hippurate

47
Q

Second rgt of HH test

A

Ninhydrin

48
Q

Product of HH test

A

Hippuric acid

49
Q

Positive reaction of Hh test

A

Purple coloration of the media after
adding Ninhydrin reagent

50
Q

Most useful biochemical test for GBS

A

o Hippurate Hydrolysis
o CAMP Test

51
Q

GBS sample for pregnant women should be inoculated into selective broth such as?

A

Todd-Hewitt broth containing 10 ug/mL colistin and
15 ug/mL nalidixic acid

52
Q

• Neonatal Streptococcal Infection is caused by?

A

GBS or step agalactiae

53
Q

is a normal flora of the female genital tract

A

GBS

54
Q

gram positive cocci in pairs, oval, lancet shape, and
facultative anaerobe

A

D. Streptococcus pneumoniae (Diplococcus/Pneumococcus)

55
Q

The cell wall of S. pneumoniae contains an antigen,
referred to as

A

C.substance

56
Q

In the presence of specific anticapsular serum, the
capsule swells called?

A

Quellung reaction for S.pneu

57
Q

most useful
o Principle: In the presence of specific anticapsular serum,
the capsule swells

A

Neufeld Quellang Test (Capsular swelling test)

58
Q

Diseases caused by S. pneumoniae:

mainly affects one or more lobes of the lungs
o bloody rust tinge sputum with large number of WBC
o alveoli are infected

A

Lobar pneumonia

59
Q

They were previously classified as group D streptococci.

A

Entero

60
Q

sometimes exhibit pseudo catalase reaction
o weak/minimal bubbling

A

Enterococci

61
Q

They were previously classified as group D streptococci.
• Natural inhabitants of the intestinal tracts of human and animals

A

Entero

62
Q

Can grow in extreme conditions:
Alkaline pH, high temperatures
up to 45°C, increased salt concentrations

A

Entero

63
Q

Known to be resistant to multiple antimicrobial age

A

Entero

64
Q

a type of bacteriocin found in gram positive
bacteria and usually important in quorum sensing

A

Cytolysin

65
Q

medium containing tellurite is recommended for

A

E.faecalis

66
Q

Mostly known to cause subacute bacterial endocarditis

A

Viridans Streptococci

67
Q

Viridans strep is bile soluble or insoluble?

A

Insoluble

68
Q

Viridans strep is optochin resistant or susceptible?

A

Resistant

69
Q

presence of LAP is a characteristic of?

A

Viridans strep

bacteriology (24 decks)

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