Gram- Positive Cocci, Catalase Positive Flashcards
Catalase- producing, gram-positive cocci, non motile, non-spore forming, aerobic, “Bunch of grapes”. Colonies are cream-colored white or rarely light gold, and “buttery looking”
Staphylococcus
Gram positive cocci, catalase positive most clinically significant species of staphylococci
Staphylococcus aureus
Are Heat stable endotoxin that cause various, symptoms, including diarrhea and vomitting
Endotoxin
Cause nearly all cases of menstruating associated toxic shock syndrom
Toxic Shock Syndrom Toxin 1
it is also known as epidermolytic toxin. it causes the epidermal layer of the skin to slough off and is known to cause staphylococcal scalded skin syndrom
Exfoliative toxin
in addition to lysing erythrocytes, it also damage platelets and macrophages and cause severe tissue damage
Alpha hemolysins
Acts on the sphingomyelin in the plasma membrane of erythrocytes
beta hemolysins
causes bacterial cells to agglutinate in plasma
staphylocoagulase
Hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid
Hyaluronidase
Acts on lipids present on the surface of the skin, particularly fats and oil secreted by the sebaceaous glands
Lipases
it has the ability to bind the Fc portion of immunoglobulin igG
protein A
Is a relatively mild inflammation of a hair follicle or oil gland, the infected area is raised and red
Folliculitis
it is an extension of folliculitis, are large, raised, superficial, abscesses
furuncles
Occur when larger, more invasive lesions develop from multiple furuncles
Cabuncles
Causes staphylococcal pustules that are large and surrounded by a small zone of erythema
Bullous impetigo
- It is a bullous exfoliative dermatitis that occurs primarily
in newborns and previously healthy young children
Scalded Skin snydrom
- It is a rare but potentially fatal, multisystem disease
characterized by a sudden onset of fever, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle
aches, and rash, which can quickly progress to hypotension schock
toxic shock syndrom
-It is most commonly drug induced, but some cases
have been linked to infections and vaccines
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
- Enterotoxin A and B have been associated with gastrointestinal
disturbances
Food Poisoning-
infections are predominantly hospital acquired, Instrumentation procedures such as catheterization,
medical implantation and immunosuppressive therapy
It is a common cause of healthcare-acquired UTIs
Staphylococcus epidermidis
It has been associated with UTIs in young women
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
It can cause both community-associated and hospital acquired infections
Staphylococcus lugdunensis
is a proprietary selective and differential medium for
isolation and identification of S. aureus
CHROMagar Staph aureus
colonies are usually small – to medium sized, nonhemolytic gray
to white colonies
Staphylococcus epidermidis
forms slightly larger colonies with about 50% of the strains
producing yellow pigment
Staphylococcus saphrophyticus
produces medium-sized colonies, with moderate or weak
hemolysis and variable pigmentation
Staphylococcus heamolyticus
can be used to differentiate S. aureus
(negative) from S. lugdunensis, S. intermedius and S. schleiferi (positive)
pyrrolidonyl arylamidase activity