STI/PID/PATH Flashcards
Most common viral STI
HPV
Most common bacterial STI
chlamydia
____ epithelium is more resistant to infection than _____ epithelium
squamous vs glandular
_____ tests are the most common and recommended platforms for detection of common STIs
nucleic acid amplification tests –> chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, trichomonas, hpv
Serologic tests are commonly used for which common STIs?
syphilis, hep B, hep C
____ typically infects the glandular epithelia of the cervix resulting in purulent discharge.
Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea is typically symptomatic in M/F
M (though sometimes increase in vaginal discharge without itching)
Growth requirements for gonorrhea
thayer martin/chocolate agar + humid atmosphere with CO2
What is the risk of contracting gonorrhea after single exposure to infected man?
50% risk for women
What is the risk of contracting gonorrhea after single exposure to infected woman?
20% risk for men
Best way to ID gonorrhea
urine test (gram stain only sensitive if symptomatic)
Intracellular parasite with small gram-negative bacilli
chlamydia
Why is chlamydia not as acute as gonorrhea
intracellular infection leads to cellular immune response
M/F have higher rate of chlamydia than M/F
F > M
Perinatal transmission of chlamydia contributes to neonatal ____ in 30-50% of exposed babies.
conjunctivitis
T/F gonorrhea and chlamydia often cause vaginitis
F –> squamous epithelium is resistant
____ produces peroxides in the vagina contributing to infection resistance.
lactobacilli
PID
upper tract infection involving endometrium, fallopian tubes, or ovary
____ and ____ are the only true causes of PID
gonorrhea and chlamydia
T/F upper tract infections need more broad spectrum Abs than lower tract infections.
T
adnexa
that area of the ovarian tube adjacent to the uterus
complications of acute PID
infertility from scarring/hydrosalpinx, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain, tubo-ovarian abscess/peritonitis
Interstitial salpingitis
consequence of patent fimbrial end with scarring within the tube
Tubo-ovarian abscess
if fallopian tube is inflamed and infection spreads to ovary, pus simply fills the interstitial space
Pyosalpinx
occlusion of the fimbriated end prevents release of tubal content –> exudate is absorbed and forms a hydrosalpinx after the acute phase
Pathologic definition of pid
chronic salpingitis with involvement of surrounding structures including ovary and parametrium
IUD and PID relationship
no increased rate of PID or ectopic pregancy
Historically ____ infection was associated with IUDs, probably due to coinfection with asymptomatic gonorrhea or chlamydia.
actinomyces israelii
Tubal abortion of ectopic pregnancy
expelled from fimbrial end of tube
Tubal hemorrhage due to ectopic pregnancy
decidual change is focal and poorly developed –>cannot buffer trophoblastic invasion of vessels
Tubal rupture in ectopic pregnancy
50% of tubal pregnancies –> acute onset, intraabdominal hemorrhage, acute abdominal pain
T/F new IUDS are not associated with increased risk of PID and ectopic pregnancy
T
T/F ectopic pregnancy is a potential sequelae of pid due to post-inflammatory damage to fallopian tubes
T
